1、届高三英语精准培优专练十五 完形填空之议论文学生版2019届高三英语精准培优专练（2015广东卷完型填空）How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is _1_ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live if he or she is _2_ healthy and lucky. S
2、ome scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce _3_. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and _4_ die.Even though we cant live forever, we are living a _5_ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (寿命) was only
3、47 years, but today it is 75 years!When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the _6_ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people dont begin to experience physical and mental _7_ until after age 75.People are living longer because more people _8_ childhood.
4、Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood _9_. Now that the chances of dying _10_ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.On the whole, our population is getting older. The _11_ in our population w
5、ill have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see _12_, not disaster, many men and women in their “golden years” are healthy, still active, and young in _13_ if not in age.As the society grows old, we need the
6、_14_ of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to _15_ active and devoted.1. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered2. A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely3. A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately4. A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automati
7、cally D. desperately5. A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier6. A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing7. A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value9. A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases10. A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet11. A. changes B.
8、recovery C. safety D. increases12. A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices13. A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement14. A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission15. A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stayImagine that your life is like a treasure hunt. One day, a particular goal
9、 1 your attention and you decide to 2 on a treasure hunt. You begin the long hike and encounter a 3 or two along the way. Already the 4 path is starting to look different from the buried treasure that you have been imagining. Things get 5 when you finally arrive at the spot. You say to yourself, “Th
10、is doesnt look like the treasure I 6 imagined! I must be on the wrong path. I 7 all this time！”You wonder，“Hmm . maybe I should 8 goals？” after thinking for a few moments. Its 9 to feel a sense of disappointment or 10 when this occurs, but I think the deeper problem is 11 in how we approached the tr
11、easure in the first place.The 12 is that most people spend all of their time thinking about the treasure. The fastest way to get to a particular spot, 13 ， is to set your compass and start walking. The idea here is to commit to your goal with the strongest 14 . Develop a clear, singleminded 15 for w
12、here you are. And then 16 all of your energy to the journey and be committed to the path you are walking.In other words, your goal becomes your compass, not your buried treasure. The goal is your 17 ， not your destination. The goal is a mission that you are on, a path that you 18 . That is just fine
13、 and worthwhile, 19 comes from that path. It is the commitment to walking the path that 20 1A. reminds B.turns C.pays D.grabs2A. set out B.work out C.give out D.turn out3A. challenge B.misfortune C.story D.surprise4A. smooth B.actual C.narrow D.false5A. better B.more complex C.more relaxing D.worse6
14、A. hardly B.usually C.previously D.normally7A. forgot B.wasted C.valued D.managed8A. attain B.assess C.switch D.achieve9A. natural B.necessary C.obvious D.strange10A. failure B.confusion C.shame D.ignorance11A. buffed B.lost C.absorbed D.rooted12A. evidence B.lesson C.truth D.problem13A. anyway B.ho
15、wever C.otherwise D.therefore14A. belief B.feelings C.support D.nerves15A. habit B.desire C.focus D.interest16A. preserve B.improve C.research D.devote17A. dream B.motto C.direction D.schedule18A. follow B.show C.recommend D.demand19A. whichever B.whatever C.whoever D.whenever20A. deserves B.counts
16、C.works D.gathers2019届高三英语精准培优专练（2015广东卷完型填空）1.【答案】A【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。句意：大多数研究年龄的科学家们认为人体被设计的不会活过120岁。designed 设计；selected 选择，挑选；improved 提高，改善；discovered发现。根据句意可知，科学家们认为人体的结构设计决定了人类最多不会活过120岁，故应选A。2.【答案】D【解析】考查副词和语境的理解。句意：然而110岁可能是人们希望能活的最长的寿命-如果他非常的健康和幸运。根据句意可知，如果一个人非常的健康而且很幸运，人们希望能活到110岁。故选D。3.【答案】C
17、【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。句意：然而我们的细胞不会一直无止境的再生。rapidly 快速地；harmlessly 无害地；endlessly 无止境地；separately 分离地，分开地。根据文意可知，因为人体的细胞不会无止境地再生，因此人的寿命是有限的。因此应选C。4.【答案】A【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。句意：他们（细胞）慢慢消耗尽，结果我们就会变老最终死亡。eventually 最终；hopelessly 没有希望地；automatically 自动地；desperately绝望地，自暴自弃地。根据句意可知选A。5.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：尽管我们不能永久
18、的活着，我们的寿命比以前是更长了。busier 更忙的；longer 更长的；richer 更富有的；happier更开心的。根据这一段的内容可知，现在人的寿命比以前更长了。故选B。6.【答案】D【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：作为中年和老年的分界线，65岁可能已经过时了。finishing 完成；guiding 指导，指引；waiting 等待；dividing划分。根据文意可知，把65岁当做中年和老年的分界线，这已经不适合现在的形势了。dividing line分界线，故选D。7.【答案】C【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：毕竟，很多老年人直到75岁之后才开始经历身体和精神的衰落。
19、stress 压力，压迫；damage 损坏；decline 衰落，衰弱；failure失败。根据句意可知，现在很多老年人是在75岁之后身体和精神才开始衰弱的，故选C。8.【答案】A【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。句意：现在人们活得更长因为更多的人从童年中幸存下来。survive 幸存；enjoy 喜欢，欣赏；remember 记得；value价值，估价。根据这一段的内容和the chances of living long are much higher due to a better diets and health care可知，现在的人平均寿命比以前更长的一个原因是人们从童年的疾病中幸存
20、了下来，故选A。9.【答案】D【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：在现代医学改变了自然的法则之前，很多孩子死于常见的儿童疾病。problems 问题；fears 恐惧，害怕；worries 担心；diseases 疾病。根据句意可知，以前的人们因为很多普遍的儿童疾病而死，所以导致平均寿命比较低。故选D。10.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：既然年少夭折的可能性更低了，那么活得更长的机会就更高了，因为有了更好的饮食和医学护理。poor 穷的；young 年轻的；sick 病的；quiet 安静的。根据这一段的意思可知，以前人们在小的时候就因为生病死去了，dying young就是
21、年少死去。故选B。11.【答案】A【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：人口结构的改变会对我们社会的发展和我们的生活方式有持续的影响。changes 改变；recovery 恢复；safety 安全；increases 增长，增加。根据下文中Some people fear such changes will可知，我们现在的人口结构改变了，故选A。12.【答案】B【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：一些人担心这个改变将会带来一些坏处，然而还有一些人看到的是机会，而不是灾难。dreams 梦想；chances 机会；strengths 力量；choices 选择。根据句意可知，这句话中的while
22、 表示对比，即跟前一种人不一样的看法，故选B。13.【答案】A【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：现在，很多处在“黄金年龄”的男士和女士，身体都非常健康，仍然积极，心态也很年轻。mind 心态；appearance 外表；voice 声音；movement移动。根据句意可知，这里应该是说虽然年龄老了，但是心态依然年轻，故选A。14.【答案】C【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：随着我们的社会老龄化，我们需要这些老年公民们的贡献。protection 保护；suggestions 建议；contributions 贡献；permission允许。根据文意可知，现在的社会逐渐老龄化，因此老年人也要
23、继续给我们的社会做贡献，故选C。15.【答案】D【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。句意：前面还有很长的寿命，他们需要保持积极的心态和奉献的精神。sound 听起来；appear 好像；出现；turn 转，变成；stay保持。根据文意可知，现在人们的寿命更长了，因此老年人也要继续保持积极心态，为我们的社会做贡献。故应选D。Passage 1【答案】1-5 DAABD 6-10 CBCAB 11-12 DDBAC 15-20 DCABB【文章大意】本文为议论文。生活就像一次寻宝之旅，到头来我们会发现所寻之物并非所愿。问题的根源在于一开始我们就没有弄清楚该如何接近宝藏。在方向确定后，目标是指南针不再是宝
24、藏；目标是方向，不再是归宿；目标是使命，是选择的道路。忠诚于自己所选的道路，尽心尽力，风雨兼程。【解析】1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：某天，一个特定的目标吸引你的注意。A. remind提醒；B. turn翻，转动；C. pay支付；D. grab抓。根据语言习惯，我们一般说吸引注意力，选项中和此意义最接近的是grab。故选D项。2.考查动词短语辨析。句意：你决定动身踏上这次寻宝之旅。A. set out动身；启程; B. work out解决，锻炼，算出；C. give out分发，耗尽；D. turn out证明是，结果是。根据上下文可知A选项符合语境。故选A项。3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：
25、你开始长途跋涉的旅程，途中也会遭遇一两个挑战。A. challenge挑战；B. misfortune不幸；C. story故事；D. surprise惊喜。由后文中的“is starting to look different from the buried treasure”中的“different”以及“I must be on the wrong path”中的“wrong”可知，寻宝之旅遭受了挑战(challenge)。故选A项。4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至此，你发现实际的道路和你之前想象的寻宝指路不一样。A. smooth平坦的；B. actual实际上的；C. narrow窄
26、的；D. false错误的。由下文的path is starting to look different from the buried treasure that you have been imagining”可知，正在走的道路也就是现实的道路和你之前想象的不一样。故选B项。5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你达到目的地时事情变得更糟糕了。A. better更好；B. more complex更复杂；C. more relaxing更令人放松；D. worse更糟糕。从下文中的“I must be on the wrong path”我肯定走错了路，判断出发生了不好的事情。故选D项。6.考查
27、副词词义辨析。句意：这和我之前想象的宝藏完全不一样。A. hardly几乎不；B. usually通常；C. previously之前；D. normally正常。根据事情发展的逻辑关系，想象在先，看到真相在后。故选C项。7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我肯定走错了路，这次的时间都给浪费了。A. forget忘记；B. waste浪费；C. value珍惜；D. manage设法，管理。根据句意可知，走了错路，没有找到自己要找的东西，那时间也就白白浪费了。故选B项。8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：或许我应该改变目标。A. attain实现，获得；B. assess评估；C. switch改变；D. a
28、chieve实现。根据上文可知，没有找到宝藏，故认为自己应该改变目标，这符合语境。故选C项。9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：想了片刻后我觉得因为没有找到宝藏而感到失望是正常的。A. natural自然而然的；B. necessary必要的；C. obvious明显的；D. strange奇怪的。根据行文逻辑可知，因为不开心的事感到失落是人之常情。故选A项。10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当事情发生时你感到失落和困惑。A. failure失败；B. confusion困惑；C. shame羞愧；D. ignorance无知。从前文中的maybe I should switch my goal，尤其是
29、maybe可知这是一种疑惑。故选B项。11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我觉得更深层的问题是我们一开始就没有弄清楚如何接近宝藏。A. buffed擦亮；B. lost丢失；C. absorbed吸收；D. rooted源于，生根于。根据语境可知，作者在分析没有找到宝藏的根本原因，所以D选项更贴近句意。故选D项。12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题就在于大多数的人花了终生的时间来想宝藏。A. evidence证据；B. lesson教训，课；C. truth真相；D. problem问题。根据上下文可知，花了时间在次要的事情上，是不能找到宝藏的真正问题，所以D选项切合句意。故选D。13.考查副词词
30、义辨析。句意：然而，到达藏宝地最快的方式是设置好指南针然后出发。A. anyway无论如何；B. however然而；C. otherwise否则；D. therefore因此。联系上下文可知，该句和上句是转折关系。故选B项。14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的想法是：要带着信念坚定的走下去。A. belief信念，信仰；B. feelings感情；C. support支持；D. nerves神经。根据语言表达习惯，要完成一个困难的目标必须要信心或信念，所以A选项符合句意。故选A。15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：你要专注于往哪里去，然后坚定地走下去。A. habit习惯；B. desire渴望；C
31、. focus专注；焦点；D. interest兴趣。从后文中的be committed to the path you are walking“专注于/致力于你所走的路”可知，focus可以本句相呼应。故选C项。16.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后对于你的选择倾尽全力，并专注地走下去。A. preserve保存；B. improve改进；C. research研究；D. devote奉献。短语devote to 意为“奉献”和尽心尽力，倾尽全力最为接近。故选D项。17.考查名词词义辨析。句意：目标是你地方向，而不是归宿。A. dream梦想；B. motto箴言；C. direction方向；D. schedule日程。从后句中的destination可判断此处应该是方向。故选C项。18.考查动词词义辨析。句意：目标是你执行的使命，是一条你要遵循的路。A. follow 跟随，遵循；B. show表现；C. recommend推荐；D. demand要求。根据上下文，follow the path更切合句意。故选A项。19.考查连词词义辨析。句意：不论这条道路上有什么，那都很好，也很值得。A. whichever无论哪一个；B. wh
