1、山东大学英语考试考前冲刺卷12022山东大学英语考试考前冲刺卷（1）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。 一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.What is William Frey trying to find out ？（） AWhat chemicals tears are composed of. BWhether crying really helps us feel better. CWhy some people tend to cry more often than others. DHow tea
2、rs help people cope with emotional problems. 2.In department stores and closets all over the world, they are waiting. Their outward appearance seems rather appealing because they come in a variety of styles, textures, and colors. But they are ultimately the biggest deception that exists in the fashi
3、on industry today. What are they They are high heels a woman’s worst enemy (whether she knows it or not). High heel shoes are the downfall of modem society. Fashion myths have led women to believe that they are more beautiful or sophisticated for wearing heels, but in reality, heels succeed in
4、 posing short as well as long term hardships. Women should fight tile high heel industry by refusing to use or purchase them in order to save the world from unnecessary physical and psychological suffering. For the sake of fairness, it must be noted that there is a positive side to high heels. First
5、, heels are excellent for aerating (使通气) lawns. Anyone who has ever worn heels on grass knows what I am talking about. A simple trip around the yard in a pair of those babies eliminates all need to call for a lawn care specialist, and provides the perfect-sized holes to give any lawn oxygen without
6、all those messy chunks of dirt lying around. Second, heels are quite functional for defense against oncoming enemies, who can easily be scared away by threatening them with a pair of these sharp, deadly fashion accessories. Regardless of such practical uses for heels, the fact remains that wearing h
7、igh heels is harmful to one’s physical health. Talk to any podiatrist (足病医生) , and you will hear that the majority of their business comes from high-heel-wearing women. High heels are known to cause problems such as deformed feet and torn toenails. The risk of severe back problems and twisted
8、or broken ankles is three times higher for a high heel wearer than for a fiat shoe wearer. Wearing heels also creates the threat of getting a heel caught in a sidewalk crack or a sewer-grate (阴沟栅) and being thrown to the ground possibly breaking a nose, back, or neck. And of course, after wearing he
9、els for a day, any woman knows she can look forward to a night of pain as she tries to comfort her swollen, aching feet.What makes women blind to the deceptive nature of high heels ？（） AThe multi-functional use of high heels. BTheir attempt to show off their status. CThe rich variety of high heel st
10、yles. DTheir wish to improve their appearance. 3.It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence of the depressing state of literacy. These figures from the Department of Education are sufficient: 27 million Americans cannot read at all, and a further 35 million read at a level that is less t
11、han sufficient to survive in our society. But my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of the middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those
12、 luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading. It has been suggested that almost 80 percent of America’s literate, educated teenagers can no longer read without an accompanying noise (music) in the background or a television screen f
13、lickering (闪烁) at the corner of their field of perception. We know very little about the brain and how it deals with simultaneous conflicting input, but every common-sense intuition suggests we should be profoundly alarmed. This violation of concentration, silence, solitude (独处的状态) goes to the very
14、heart of our notion of literacy; this new form of part-reading, of part-perception against .background distraction, renders impossible certain essential acts of apprehension and concentration, let alone that most important tribute any human being can pay to a poem or a piece of prose he or she reall
15、y loves, which is to learn it by heart. Not by brain, by heart; the expression is vital. Under these circumstances, the question of what future there is for the arts of reading is a real one. Ahead of us lie technical, psychic (心理的) , and social transformations probably much more dramatic than those
16、 brought about by Gutenberg, the German inventor in printing. The Gutenberg revolution, as we now know it, took a long time; its effects are still being debated. The information revolution will touch every fact of composition, publication, distribution, and reading. No one in the book industry can s
17、ay with any confidence what will happen to the book as we’ve known it.The picture of the reading ability of the American people, drawn by the author, is （）. Arather bleak Bfairly bright Cvery impressive Dquite encouraging 4.For centuries, explorers have risked their lives venturing into the un
18、known for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic. Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater glory of Spain. Lewis and Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S. had acquired when it purchased Louis
19、iana, and the Appolo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of technological muscle during the cold war. Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science by going where no scientists had gone b
20、efore. Today Mars looms (隐约出现) as humanity’s next great terra incognita (未探明之地). And with doubtful prospects for a short-term financial return, with the cold war a rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures, it is clear that imperativ
21、es other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planet’s reddish surface. Could it be that science, which has long played a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a leading role The question naturally invites a couple of others
22、: Are there experiments that only human could do on Mars7 Could those experiments provide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanetary space.* With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been. The issue of whether life ever exist
23、ed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions the bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite (陨石) from Mars. A more conclusive answer a
24、bout life on Mars, past or present, would give researchers invaluable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life. If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars and Earth, the finding would provide the first concret
25、e clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science: the prevalence of life in the universe.According to the passage, the chief purpose of explorers in going to unknown places in the past was （）. Ato display their country’’s military might Bto accomplish some significant science Ct
26、o find new areas for colonization Dto pursue commercial and state interests 5.What can be inferred from the womans answer ？（） AShe’’d like to have the windows open. BShe likes to have the air conditioner on. CThe air is heavily polluted. DThe windows are already open. 6.Our culture has c
27、aused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal, but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one’s side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling
28、the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell. Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that Gift means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet
29、we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm’s length away from others, Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable. Our linguistic (语言上的) and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, cus
30、toms and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world. Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingua
31、l (多语言的) guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them. When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restau
32、rants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives usually the richer who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation’s diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters. For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all, America was the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods. But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world i
