1、输出轴CA6140车床加工工艺及夹具设计外文翻译 文献综述 开题报告理工科类本科生毕业设计（论文）开题报告论文(设计)题目输出轴（CA6140车床）加工工艺及夹具设计作者所在系别机械系作者所在专业机械设计制造及其自动化作者所在班级作 者 姓 名作 者 学 号19指导教师姓名指导教师职称教授完 成 时 间2年3月北华航天工业学院教务处制说 明1根据学校毕业设计(论文)工作暂行规定，学生必须撰写毕业设计（论文）开题报告。开题报告作为毕业设计（论文）答辩委员会对学生答辩资格审查的依据材料之一。2开题报告应在指导教师指导下，由学生在毕业设计（论文）工作前期内完成，经指导教师签署意见及所在专业教研室论证
2、审查后生效。开题报告不合格者需重做。3毕业设计开题报告各项内容要实事求是，逐条认真填写。其中的文字表达要明确、严谨，语言通顺，外来语要同时用原文和中文表达。第一次出现缩写词，须注出全称。4开题报告中除最后一页外均由学生填写，填写各栏目时可根据内容另加附页。5阅读的主要参考文献应在10篇以上（土建类专业文献篇数可酌减），其中外文资料应占一定比例。本学科的基础和专业课教材一般不应列为参考资料。6参考文献的书写应遵循毕业设计（论文）撰写规范要求。7开题报告应与文献综述、一篇外文译文和外文原文复印件同时提交，文献综述的撰写格式按毕业设计（论文）撰写规范的要求，字数在2000字左右。毕业设计(论文)开题
3、报告学生姓名专 业机械设计及其自动化班 级B0指导教师姓名职 称副教授工作单位课题来源教师自拟课题课题性质应用设计课题名称输出轴（CA6140车床）加工工艺及夹具设计本设计的科学依据（科学意义和应用前景，国内外研究概况，目前技术现状、水平和发展趋势等） 输出轴的主要作用，一是传递转矩，使主轴获得旋转的动力；二是工作过程中经常承受载荷；三是支撑传动零部件市场经济的前提下，一切都是为能创造出更多的财富和提高劳动率为目的，同样的加工方法的选择一般考虑的是在保证工件加工要求的前提下，译稿工件的加工效率和经济性，而在具体的选择上，一般根据机械加工资料和工人的经验来确定。由于方法的多种多样，工人在选择时一
4、般结合具体的工件和现场的加工条件来确定最佳的加工方案。 我国的数控机床水平不错，每年都有大量出口，因为它简单，基本属于劳动密集型。金属加工主要是去除材料，得到想得到的金属形状。去除材料，主要靠车和铣，车床发展为数控车床，铣床发展为加工中心。高精度多轴机床，可以让复杂零件在精度和形状上一次到位，最新的复合数控机床几天甚至几个小时就全干好了，而且精度比你设计的还高。零件精度高就意味着寿命长，可靠性好。美国政府重视机床工业，美国国防部等部门因其军事方面的需求而不断提出机床的发展方向、科研任务,并且提供充足的经费，且网罗世界人才，特别讲究“效率”和“创新”，注重基础科研。德国政府一贯重视机床工业的重要
5、战略地位，在多方面大力扶植。尤其重视数控机床主机及配套件之先进实用，其机、电、液、气、光、刀具、测量、数控系统、各种功能部件，在质量、性能上居世界前列。目前，较为流行的粗加工工艺是使用普通铣床和钻床；精加工采用数控磨床加工；超精加工采用数控磨床和高精密镗床，带尺寸控制装置。设计内容和预期成果（具体设计内容和重点解决的技术问题、预期成果和提供的形式）工作内容及最终成果：一、工作内容1、进行课题调研，消化课题设计所需的理论知识。2、查阅相关资料，完成开题、外文资料翻译、文献综述。 3、进行理论分析，完成加工工艺过程的方案设计。4、根据加工工艺过程的方案，进行加工机床及刀具的选择。5、进行加工专用夹
6、具的设计、计算和分析；并撰写夹具使用说明书。6、对重点工序进行工艺分析。7、撰写毕业论文，进行毕业答辩。二、最终成果1、加工工艺发展趋势。2、加工工艺规程。3、专用夹具插件图。4、专用夹具设计结构装配图。5、加工过程中特殊工序的实现方法。6、毕业设计论文拟采取设计方法和技术支持（设计方案、技术要求、实验方法和步骤、可能遇到的问题和解决办法等） 总体设计要求及技术要点：1.对给定零件进行工艺过程设计，并编制相应的工序卡片；a)绘制零件图，并对零件进行结构及工艺分析；b)拟定加工工艺路线，包括加工方法、定位基准选择及转换、尺寸链计算、机床、刀具和工装的选择等；c)按照标准割舍和内容，编写详细的零件
7、机加工艺规程，并形成文件；2.专用夹具的设计技术要点：a)根据工艺要求，设计并绘制指定工序的专用夹具装配图。要求结构合理，工作效率高，制造方便，尽量降低成本和制造难度，并对夹具精度和技术经济性进行分析。b)设计并绘制夹具所有非标零件的零件图；c)根据夹具设计和制造特点，制订每个非标零件的加工文件。3. 可能遇到的问题和解决办法：a) 理论上设计出的刀具及夹具的参数与现实中不符。 解决办法：应以现实为主，不应该追求理论上的数值，要在不影响零件加工的前提下，准确的选择刀具及夹具。b) 设计出的零件理论上可行，但实际加工不出来或无法加工 解决办法：零件的设计是为应用而服务的，设计出的零件不仅可以使用
8、，而且要考虑其经济性实现本项目预期目标和已具备的条件（包括过去学习、研究工作基础，现有主要仪器设备、设计环境及协作条件等）预期目标：1、输出轴工工艺发展趋势。2、输出轴工工艺规程。3、专用夹具插件图。4、专用夹具设计结构装配图。5、输出轴加工过程中特殊工序的实现方法。6、毕业设计论文。已具备条件： 1、机械制造工艺及夹具设计理论的学习。 2、第六学期的夹具拆装实习和机加工艺生产实习。 3、在保定550螺旋桨制造厂进行生产实习。 4、在图书馆查到的相关文献各环节拟定阶段性工作进度(以周为单位)时间进度安排：第七学期第10周第13周：查阅资料，撰写文献综述，外文资料翻译；第14周第16周：开题报告
9、撰写、修改，完成开题。第八学期第 1 周第 3 周：理论分析，工艺方案可行性评价，方案确定；第 4 周第12周：工艺流程设计，工艺文件编制，工装设计，工装使用说明书撰写；第13周第16周：毕业论文撰写，毕业答辩开 题 报 告 审 定 纪 要时 间地点主持人参会教师姓 名职 务（职 称）姓 名职 务（职 称）论证情况摘要 记录人：指导教师意见指导教师签名： 年 月 日教研室意见教研室主任签名： 年 月 日密 级分类号编 号成 绩本科生毕业设计 (论文)外 文 翻 译原 文 标 题Introduction of Machining译 文 标 题加工基础作者所在系别机械系作者所在专业机械设计制造及其
10、自动化作者所在班级作 者 姓 名作 者 学 号19指导教师姓名指导教师职称副教授完 成 时 间年3月北华航天工业学院教务处制译文标题加工基础原文标题Introduction of Machining作 者Hoskins, Josiah译 名霍斯金斯，乔赛亚国 籍美国原文出处Introduction of MachiningHave a shape as a processing method, all machining process for the production of the most commonly used and most important method. Machini
11、ng process is a process generated shape, in this process, Drivers device on the workpiece material to be in the form of chip removal. Although in some occasions, the workpiece under no circumstances, the use of mobile equipment to the processing, However, the majority of the machining is not only su
12、pporting the workpiece also supporting tools and equipment to complete.Machining know the process has two aspects. Small group of low-cost production. For casting, forging and machining pressure, every production of a specific shape of the workpiece, even a spare parts, almost have to spend the high
13、 cost of processing. Welding to rely on the shape of the structure, to a large extent, depend on effective in the form of raw materials. In general, through the use of expensive equipment and without special processing conditions, can be almost any type of raw materials, mechanical processing to con
14、vert the raw materials processed into the arbitrary shape of the structure, as long as the external dimensions large enough, it is possible. Because of a production of spare parts, even when the parts and structure of the production batch sizes are suitable for the original casting, Forging or press
15、ure processing to produce, but usually prefer machining.Strict precision and good surface finish, Machining the second purpose is the establishment of the high precision and surface finish possible on the basis of. Many parts, if any other means of production belonging to the large-scale production,
16、 Well Machining is a low-tolerance and can meet the requirements of small batch production. Besides, many parts on the production and processing of coarse process to improve its general shape of the surface. It is only necessary precision and choose only the surface machining. For instance, thread,
17、in addition to mechanical processing, almost no other processing method for processing. Another example is the blacksmith pieces keyhole processing, as well as training to be conducted immediately after the mechanical completion of the processing.Primary Cutting ParametersCutting the work piece and
18、tool based on the basic relationship between the following four elements to fully describe : the tool geometry, cutting speed, feed rate, depth and penetration of a cutting tool.Cutting Tools must be of a suitable material to manufacture, it must be strong, tough, hard and wear-resistant. Tool geome
19、try - to the tip plane and cutter angle characteristics - for each cutting process must be correct.Cutting speed is the cutting edge of work piece surface rate, it is inches per minute to show. In order to effectively processing, and cutting speed must adapt to the level of specific parts - with kni
20、ves. Generally, the more hard work piece material, the lower the rate.Progressive Tool to speed is cut into the work piece speed. If the work piece or tool for rotating movement, feed rate per round over the number of inches to the measurement. When the work piece or tool for reciprocating movement
21、and feed rate on each trip through the measurement of inches. Generally, in other conditions, feed rate and cutting speed is inversely proportional to。 Depth of penetration of a cutting tool - to inches dollars - is the tool to the work piece distance. Rotary cutting it to the chip or equal to the w
22、idth of the linear cutting chip thickness. Rough than finishing, deeper penetration of a cutting tool depth.Wears of Cutting ToolWe already have been processed and the rattle of the countless cracks edge tool, we learn that tool wear are basically three forms : flank wear, the former flank wear and
23、V-Notch wear. Flank wear occurred in both the main blade occurred vice blade. On the main blade, shoulder removed because most metal chip mandate, which resulted in an increase cutting force and cutting temperature increase, If not allowed to check, That could lead to the work piece and the tool vib
24、ration and provide for efficient cutting conditions may no longer exist. Vice-bladed on, it is determined work piece dimensions and surface finish. Flank wear size of the possible failure of the product and surface finish are also inferior. In most actual cutting conditions, as the principal in the
25、former first deputy flank before flank wear, wear arrival enough, Tool will be effective, the results are made unqualified parts.As Tool stress on the surface uneven, chip and flank before sliding contact zone between stress, in sliding contact the start of the largest, and in contact with the tail
26、of zero, so abrasive wear in the region occurred. This is because the card cutting edge than the nearby settlements near the more serious wear, and bladed chip due to the vicinity of the former flank and lost contact wear lighter. This results from a certain distance from the cutting edge of the sur
27、face formed before the knife point Ma pit, which is usually considered before wear. Under normal circumstances, this is wear cross-sectional shape of an arc. In many instances and for the actual cutting conditions, the former flank wear compared to flank wear light, Therefore flank wear more general
28、ly as a tool failure of scale signs. But because many authors have said in the cutting speed of the increase, Maeto surface temperature than the knife surface temperatures have risen faster. but because any form of wear rate is essentially temperature changes by the significant impact. Therefore, th
29、e former usually wear in high-speed cutting happen.The main tool flank wear the tail is not processed with the work piece surface in contact, Therefore flank wear than wear along with the ends more visible, which is the most common. This is because the local effect, which is as rough on the surface
30、has hardened layer, This effect is by cutting in front of the hardening of t he work piece. Not just cutting, and as oxidation skin, the blade local high temperature will also cause this effect. This partial wear normally referred to as pit sexual wear, but occasionally it is very serious. Despite t
31、he emergence of the pits on the Cutting Tool nature is not meaningful impact, but often pits gradually become darker If cutting continued the case, then there cutter fracture crisis. If any form of sexual allowed to wear, eventually wear rate increase obviously will be a tool to destroy failure destruction, that
