1、推荐学习届高三英语上学期期末教学质量监测试题无答案上海市宝山区2018届高三英语上学期期末教学质量监测试题II. Grammar and VocabularyWhy My Best Friend Is a BookWriting about beliefs is hard. It makes you reach deep into your soul and truly look at what is there. It requires time and effort, and then hits you in the face and someone in the background s
2、ays “Oh, why didnt you think of that before?” Beliefs change, they mature and grow just (21)_a child. The best beliefs are the ones that (22)_( cherish) throughout a lifetime. One belief I cherish above all others is the power and enjoyment of reading.Reading can be for fun and that learning is (23)
3、_(easy) when youre having fun. Being able to relate to the characters, imagine the conflicts in your head,and feel the characters sadness, as well as their joy, is the most amazing thing about reading. A chance to live another life for a short time, to be another person, Reading lends the soul and m
4、ind a place (24)_(escape). I would much rather pick up a good luck than watch a television show.Reading can teach us. Whether its a fantasy novel or a historical account, you learn when you read. It provides grammar and (25)_(write) language skills. Reading teaches us about emotion. Reading gives yo
5、u new words and expands your vocabulary by forcing you to challenge yourself. In its own way it makes us feel the emotions of the characters. (26)_ _ _ you read, I believe you will learn, mind and soul.Reading can bring people together. I cannot count the number of new friends and people that have e
6、ntered my life because of books. My stepmother, grandmother, and I all rad the same books. (27)_ is better than being able to share the tense moments, near misses, and happy endings while (28)_ (drink) a steaming cup of coffee together with someone. Reading allows you to lower your walls and let peo
7、ple in to form genuine chains. Plus people (29) _read impressive books are usually pretty cool themselves!Over the years reading has been my companion. Always with a book in my purse, I have never faced the world without a best friend by my side. Books (30)_(help) me through difficult periods and ap
8、plauded me in times of celebration. Books always make me smile. Thats the biggest reason I believe in reading, because it will make you happy.Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there
9、 is one more word than you need. A.extentB.substanceC.normalD. potential E. refreshingF.instructionsG. functionH.causedI.physicalJ.restoreK. mentallyThe discovery builds on earlier findings showed that a class of genes called splicing (胶接) factors is progressively switched off as we age. The researc
10、h team found that splicing factors can be switched back on with chemicals, making aging cells not only look _31_ younger, but start to divide like young cells.The researchers applied compounds chemicals based on a _32_ naturally found in red wine, dark chocolate, red grapes and blueberries, to cells
11、 in culture. The chemicals _33_ splicing factors, which are progressively switched off as we age to be switched back on. Within hours, the cells looked younger and started to rejuvenate,behaving like young cells.The discovery has the _34_ to lead to therapies that could help people age better, witho
12、ut experiencing some of the degenerative effects of getting old. Most people by the age of 85 have experienced some kind of chronic illness, and as people get older they are more prone to stroke, heart disease and cancer.Professor Harries as saying, “This is a first step in trying to make people liv
13、e_35_ lifetime, but with health for their entire life. Our data suggests that using chemicals to switch back on the major class of genes that are switched off as we age might provide a means to _36_ to old cells.”Dr Eva Latorre, Research Associate at the University of Exeter, who carried out the exp
14、eriments, was surprised by the _37_ and rapidity of the changes in the cells.“When I saw some of the cells in the culture dish _38_ I couldnt believe it. These old cells were looking like young cells. It was like magic,” she said. “I repeated the experiments several times and in each case the cells
15、rejuvenated. I am very excited by the implications and potential for this research.”As we age, our tissues accumulate senescent cells which are alive but do not grow or _39_ as they should. These old cells lose the ability to correctly regulate the output of their genes. This is one reason why tissu
16、es and organs become susceptible to disease as we age. When activated, genes make a message that gives the _40_for the cell to behave in a certain way. Most genes can make more than one message, which determines how the cell acts.Splicing factors are crucial in ensuring that genes can perform their
17、full range of functions.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Cameron Buckner, assistant professor of philosophy at the Univers
18、ity of Houston, argues in an article published in Philosophy and Phenomenological Research that a wide range of animal species exhibit so-called “ executive control” when it comes to making decisions, _41_ considering their goals and ways to satisfy those goals before acting.He acknowledges that lan
19、guage is _42_ for some experienced forms of higher-order thinking, or thinking about thinking. But supported by a review of previously published research, Buckner _43_ that a wide variety of animals - -elephants, chimpanzees( 黑猩猩), ravens( 大乌鸦) and lions, among others -_44_ reasonable decision-makin
20、g.“ These data suggest that not only do some animals have a subjective take on the suitability of the _45_ they are evaluating for their goal, they possess a subjective, internal signal regarding their confidence in this take can be used to select among different options,” he wrote.The question has
21、been _46_ since the days of the ancient philosophers, as people considered what means to be human is. One way to address that, Buckner said, is to _47_exactly what sets humans apart from other animals.Language remains a key difference between animals and humans, and Buckner notes that serious _48_ i
22、n the 1970s and 80s to teach animals human languageteaching chimpanzees to use sign language, _49_ -found that although they were able to express simple ideas, they did not engage in _50_thought and language structures.Ancient philosophers relied upon unreliable _51_ to study the issue, but todays r
23、esearcher conduct complicated controlled experiments. Buckner, working with Thomas Bugnyar and Stephan A. Reber, mental biologist at the University of Vienna, last year _52_ the results of a result that determined ravens share at least some of the human ability to think abstractly about other minds,
24、 _53_ their behavior by attaching their own observations to others.In his latest paper, Buckner offers several examples to support his _54_. His goal, Buckner said, was to organize experimental research, “to see that were gathered enough evidence to say that animals really are _55_ in a unique way.”
25、41. A. secretlyB. unintentionallyC. scarcelyD. consciously42. A. requiredB. qualifiedC. acquiredD. prepared43. A. concernsB. complainsC. concludeD. convinces44. A. turn downB. engage inC. refer toD. argue about45. A. optionB. schemeC. regulationD. random46. A. dismissedB. ignoredC. debatedD. answere
26、d47. A. evaluateB. determineC. overlookD. initiate48. A. resultsB. successesC. achievementsD. attempts49. A. for exampleB. this is to sayC. on the contraryD. as a result50. A. obviousB. feasibleC. privateD. complex51. A. mysteryB. traditionC. evidenceD. fiction52. A. substitutedB. publishedC. reflec
27、tedD. maintained53. A. adaptingB. symbolizingC. investigatingD. revenging54. A. agreementB. implementC. requirementD. argument55. A. passionateB. reasonableC. confusedD. ridiculousSection A(A)We see them everywhere. “There are some things that money cant buy for everything else, theres MasterCard.”
28、We hear them everywhere. “Make life rewarding American Express.” Whether watching television, driving down the highway, or even appearing on our Facebook page, the appeal of money is inescapable.Growing up, my parents always emphasized the importance of family and faith over material possessions. Ye
29、t, money and all the new, interesting things it could buy did not escape me. As I entered my freshman year, my debit card and I engaged in quite the dates. Between game-day dresses, steak dinners and wonderful downtown Athens, I quickly drained 17 years worth of savings.By the time summer rolled aro
30、und, I didnt consider how much cash I had spent, or how much stuff I had acquired I was focused on how much more money I would need for next fall. When I wasnt working, I was checking my bank account, try to figure out if my next paycheck would cover those pillows that would look so cute in my new a
31、partment. My bank account balance was becoming a major source of stress in my life, creating tension with my financially smart parents and causing me constant concern. Finally, after a very heated argument with my Dad, I accepted the truth: I simply could not afford money anymore.I realized that I was much happier (and I sensed my blood pressure was much lower) when money was just something in the bank. While the clothes are pretty and those pillows are comfy, they lost their appeal right around th
