1、 阅读理解能力提高技巧阅读理解能力提高技巧猜测词义猜测词义 高高三英语组三英语组l（2014湖南卷阅读B）lIn the mid-1950s,I was a somewhat bored early-adolescent male student who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort.One day,this approach threw me into embarrassment.lIn Mrs.Tottens eighth-grade math class at Central Avenue Sc
2、hool in Anderson,Indiana,we were learning to add and subtract decimals(小数).l61.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 indicate?lA.It is wise to value ones time.lB.It is important to make an effortlC.It is right to stick to ones belief.lD It is enough to do the necessary.Lead-in(Lead-in(导入导入)l（
3、2015全国卷阅读C）lThe fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作）with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid,Spain,and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg,Florida.l31.What does the word “contributions”in the last paragraph r
4、efer to?lA.Artworks.B Projectsl C.Donations D.Documents 词义猜测题常用的提问方式有词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：1.The word“”refers to/probably means /could best be replaced by _.2.The word“”is most likely to mean _.3.What do you think the expression“”stands for?4.The underlined word“”means _.It will be very hard but very brittl
5、e that is,it will break easily.1._ ：一般通过一般通过_来确定词义。来确定词义。(adj.易碎的易碎的,脆的脆的)The herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.(n.牧羊人牧羊人)Definition 定义法定义法定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）A mosquito is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood.(n.蚊子蚊子)特别注意下列特别注意下列信号词信号词
6、：be,be called,means,be defined as ,that is,that is to say,in other words,-(破破折号折号)等等.Ex.1 A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.His uncle is a zoologist,an expert who does research on animals.They are vertebrates,that is,animals have backbones.木匠木匠动物学家动物
7、学家脊椎动物脊椎动物“Getting the cold shoulder”means that some one is actually in a way that makes you feel unwanted.The very words create a picture:You can imagine a friend turning away so that,instead of a warm greeting,you receive only his shoulder a“cold”shoulder.The expression“getting the cold shoulder”m
8、eans _.A.being treated rudely by paying no attention to youB.greeting you friendlyC.greeting you by rubbing shoulders with you D.feeding you cold meat2._2._：利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。词（组）猜测词义。Contrast 对比法对比法 Cycling was once a means of transport for the poor.But it has become an impor
9、tant marker of an affluent world city.65.The underlined word“affluent”in the last paragraph probably means _.A beautiful B.famous C.big D.wealthy l l表示对比的信号词有yet,but,while,though however,otherwise,on the one handon the other hand,for one thingfor another thing,instead of 等。1.Though Toms face has bee
10、n washed quite clean,his neck still remains grubby.2.John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things,his wife,however,is very thrifty.污秽的污秽的节约的节约的Exercise 2 3.In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way.Now,however,everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.4.Some human actions
11、 are learned,but quite a few other actions are innate.5.Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money,I was sure that he was innocent of the theft.混乱混乱 无辜的无辜的 天生的天生的 6.Most of us agreed,however,Bill dissented.7.She is usually prompt for all her classes,but today she arriv
12、ed in the middle of her first class.A.on time B.late C.slowly D.quickly A (v.不同意不同意)3._3._：利用：利用_、_ _ 或或相似的结构相似的结构猜测词义。猜测词义。Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task.The job is so large,in fact,that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted.(adj.巨大的
13、巨大的;极大的极大的)Similarity 相似法相似法同义词同义词近义词（词组）近义词（词组）当被猜的词前后有信号词当被猜的词前后有信号词:or,like,asas,the same as等就可以通过同义词、近义词来确定词等就可以通过同义词、近义词来确定词义了。义了。The new tax law supersedes,or replaces,the law that was in effect last year.Mother was tall,fat and middle-aged.My aunt was an old woman,almost as plump as mother,an
14、d much shorter.代替代替圆胖的圆胖的,4_：从：从_推测推测_，从，从_推测推测_。One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing.That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.(adj.贫穷的贫穷的,穷困的穷困的)(adj.大的大的).Cause Effect 因果法因果法原因原因原因原因结果结果结果结果因果关系因果关系 信号词信号词:because,since,as,for,d
15、ue to,so,therefore,sothat,suchthat,thus Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic.The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.弹性的弹性的混浊的混浊的 When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently,researche
16、rs found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective.(04广东高考题）广东高考题）65.The underlined part“the colours turned the customers off”(in para.3)means that the colours _A.attracted the customers stronglyB.had weak effects on the customersC.tricked the customers into shoppingD.caused the customers to lose interest D5._：利用文中的举例：利用文中的举例猜测词义。常见的举例的信号词有猜测词义。常见的举例的信号词有for instance,for example,such as:such,like,especially,include,consist of 等等 1.Today you
