1、考点25 阅读理解词义猜测题解析版专题十七：阅读理解之词义猜测A组课堂专项训练难度系数：模拟专场(一)：2014贵州六校联考D篇When a third person enters, you will unconsciously form a triangle. And when there is a fourth person, it becomes a square, with someone in every corner. A fifth person is probably going to have to stand in the middle.New entrants to th
2、e lift will need to size up the situation when the doors slide open and then act decisively. Once in, for most people the rule is simplelook down, or look at their phones.Why are we so awkward in lifts?“You dont have enough space，” Professor Babette Renneberg, a clinical psychologist at the Free Uni
3、versity of Berlin, told the BBC. “Usually when we meet other people, we have about an arms length of distance between us. And thats not possible in most lifts.”1The underlined phrase “size up” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to “_”A. judge B. ignore C. put up with D. make the best of解析1A词义猜测题。根
4、据文章第七段第一句“and then act decisively”可推知，新进电梯的人要对电梯内的状况做一个判断，然后才决定站在什么样的位置上，故选A项。ignore忽略；put up with容忍；make the best of充分利用。模拟专场（二）2015安徽省江淮十校联考B篇July 21st. 2007 was a typical English summers dayit rained for 24 hours! As usual, I rushed home from work at midday to check on the house. Nothing was amis
5、s. By the time I left work at 5p.m., however, the road into our village was flooded. Our house had never been flooded but, as I opened the front door, a wave of waters greeted me. Thank God! The kids werent with me, because the house was 5 feet deep in water. We lost everything downstairs. And the p
6、laster had to be torn off the walls ceilings pulled down. At first we tried to push on through. We didnt want to move the children out of home. So we camped upstairs. We put a sheet of plastic across the floor to protect us from the damp. But after three months, we felt very sick, so we move to a wo
7、oden house in a park. The house was small, but at first we were all just delighted to be in a new place. Unfortunately, things took longer than expected and we were there for 10 months. The life there was inconvenient. What surprised me most was how much I missed being part of a community（社区）. We ha
8、d lived in a friendly village with good neighbors, and Id never thought how much Id miss that.2. What does the underlined word “amiss” in the first paragraph mean?A. Found. B. Missing. C. Right. D. Wrong. 解析：2.词义猜测题。根据语境可知作者回家去查看证实一切都正常。由于主语是nothing所以该题的正确答案为D.模拟专场（三）2014太原五中月考B篇Most patients with H
9、IV become deficient in these vitamins, which help improve immunity(免疫). Baum said she initially thought the multivitamins alone or selenium alone would be effective in strengthening the immune system, but found that incorrect.“We were surprised to find that only the combination was effective，” said
10、Baum.Research shows that when people with HIV receive antiretroviral drugs (抗逆转录病毒药物) shortly after infection, they can remain healthy and are less likely to pass the virus to others. For many countries, however, the cost of these antiAIDS drugs is still prohibitive. Baum said the vitamin and minera
11、l combination treatment should help lowincome countries better control the virus.3The underlined word “prohibitive” in Paragraph 7 is closest to “_” in meaning.A. deadly B. costly C. decreasing D. forbidding解析：3.B词义猜测题。根据文章第七段中however的转折意义可知，尽管抗逆转录病毒药物是有效的，但是价格不菲，许多国家的人是用不起的，故选B项。costly昂贵的，价格不菲的。模拟专
12、场（四）：2014郑州第一次质量预测A篇Still, people say every dog has its day. This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. To be successful, people often have to learn new skills. Yet, some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks. They believe that older people do
13、 not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things.Some people are compared to dogs in bad ways. People who are unkind or uncaring can be described as meaner than a junkyard dog. Junkyard dogs live in places where people throw away things they do not want. But mean dogs are oft
14、en used to guard this property. They bark or attack people who try to enter the property. However, sometimes a person who appears to be mean and threatening is really not so bad. We say his bark is worse than his bite.4The underlined word “mean” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “_”A. violent B. se
15、lfish C. wild D. poor解析：4A词义猜测题。根据第四段的倒数第三句“They bark or attack people who try to enter the property.”可知，该句是对画线词的解释说明。为了保护主人的财产，这种狗通常大叫或攻击那些想得到主人财产的人，由此可知这种狗很厉害，故选A项。模拟专场（五）：2014江西省六校联考D篇Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of tea
16、ching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity. It can be seen and observed.Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the
17、world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny5. The underlined word “scrutiny” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “_”A. inquiry B. observation C. control D. suspicion解析：5. B词义猜测题。根据第二和第三段中的“Teaching
18、is also a public activity. It can be seen and observed. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.”可知，教学是一个公开的活动，而学习则属于私人活动，它在一个人的内心进行，学习的过程不是公开的，因此不能被观察，故选B。模拟专场（六）：2014辽宁五校联考C篇Americans are buying more products and servi
19、ces than ever before through the Internet. And experts say the popularity of online sales is likely to spread to other countries. Online sales now represent as much as 10% of all retail sales in the United States. This has led traditional stores to seek new ways to keep their customers loyal.Lynne u
20、sed the Internet to buy everything she needed for her wedding and holiday gifts for her husband and stepdaughter. Other than food, 90% of her purchases were made on her home computer. “I find that, by being able to go online, choose the things that I need, and have them delivered to me right at my d
21、oorstep, I eliminate all the driving, all the crowds, all the noise of that, and I usually get a better selection.” 6The underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “_”Ainclude Bdecrease Cdiscourage Davoid解析：6D词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“all the driving, all the crowds, all the noise of that”
22、可知，此处指网上购物可以避免传统购物所遇到的问题。所以选D项。模拟专场（七）：2014云南七校一模B篇According to Bell, people who are fat on the inside are actually on the edge of being fat. They eat too many fatty and sugary foods, but they are not eating enough to be fat. Scientists believe that we naturally store fat around the belly first, but
23、 at some point, the body may start storing it elsewhere.Doctors are unsure about the exact dangers of internal fat, but some think it has something to do with heart disease and diabetes(糖尿病). They want to prove that internal fat damages the bodys communication systems.The good news is that internal
24、fat can be easily burned off through exercise or even by improving your diet. “If you want to be healthy, there is no shortcut. Exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle.” Bell said.7. The underlined part “shortcut” in the last paragraph means “_”A. a long road B. a clear differenceC. a
25、n easy way D. a short distance 解析：7C词义猜测题。此处与下文的“Exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle.”形成对比，由此可推知，保持健康是没有捷径的，经常锻炼才是王道，故选C项。模拟专场(八)：2014湖北八校联考B篇Andy Simpson, chairman of Wild Network, said, “The tragic truth is that kids have lost touch with nature and the outdoors in just one gener
26、ation.” Time spent outdoors is down, roaming ranges have fallen drastically, activity levels are declining and the ability to identify common species has been lost.Suggestions of how to get more time in nature include collecting cankers(七叶树果实), camping, snail racing, and observing autumn colors on t
27、rees.From January, the network will aim to make suggestions to politicians on how government can do more to get_children_muddy_and_brighteyed.This is not the first time the message of fewer screens, more play has been brought up. Children in the 1980s were entreated to do the same by the BBC TV seri
28、es Why Dont You, which somewhat confusingly called on its viewers to “switch off your TV set, and go to do something less boring instead”8The underlined part “to get children muddy and brighteyed” in Paragraph 9 means “_ ”A. to make children covered with mud B. to urge politicians to do more things
29、for childrenC. to encourage children to take part in outdoor activitiesD. to help children identify common species解析：8.C句意猜测题。muddy意为“沾上泥巴的”。根据上下文可知画线部分意为“让孩子们去参加户外活动”。模拟专场(九)：2014陕西咸阳市模拟C篇With the development of society, the choice of food and drink for children is more diversified than ever before
30、. However, every coin has two sides. Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse, according to the statistics. I feel there are a number of reasons for this.Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy, fatty food, such as fried
31、chicken and ice cream, at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grownups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were fewer of these restaurants then probably children would buy less takeaway food.9. The underlined word “diversified” in the first paragraph most probably means
32、 “_”A. various B. difficult C. expensive D. available解析：9. A词义猜测题。根据本句“With the development of society, the choice of food and drink for children is more diversified than ever before.”可知，现在的儿童在食物方面的选择很丰富，所以本词的意思是“多种多样的”，故A项正确。专题十七：阅读理解之词义猜测B组课后巩固提高难度系数：模拟专场(一)：2014江西省师大附中、鹰潭一中联考A 篇After spending almost two weeks in Europe, we took the Lufthansa airport express from Dusseldorf to Frankfurt airport,
