1、初一英语语法知识点总复习初一英语语法知识点总结复习第一章 动词be（am,is,are）的用法 3第二章 There be句型 4第三章 人称代词和物主代词 6第四章 反身代词 9第五章 it 用法梳理 10第六章 it,one,ones,that,those的区别用法 13第七章 other,another,others,the others,the other的用法和区别 16第八章 名词单数变复数的规则 18第九章 介词 21第十章 冠词 24第十一章 形容词 27第十二章 副词 28第十三章 频度副词 30第十四章 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法 34第十五章 形容词和副词的辨析
2、37第十六章 陈述句 40第十七章 疑问句 40第十八章 祈 使 句 44第十九章 感叹句 48第二十章 现在进行时 52第二十一章 一般将来时 55第二十二章 一般过去时态 59第二十三章 情态动词 64第二十四章 动词总结 68第二十五章 主谓一致 71英语总测试 75第一章 动词be（am,is,are）的用法1. 动词be（am,is,are）的用法：1 第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。句型解析析：I am+“”例句：I am Snoopy.I am ten years old.I am a student.I am a boy.2 第二人称(You)配合are使用。句型解析：You
3、are+“”例句：You are my good friend.You are a good teacher.You are beautiful3 第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析：She(He, It) is +“”例句：She is a good girl.She is so tall.She is short.人称复数 (we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析：We (You, They) are +“”例句 We are in Class 5,Grade 7.They are my friends.You are good student
4、s.用法口诀：我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。对应练习一. 用括号中适当的词填空。1. I _(am, are, is) from Australia.2. She _ (am, are, is) a student.3. Jane and Tom _(am, is, are) my friends.4. My parents _ (am, is, are) very busy every day.5. _
5、 (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York?6. _ (Be, Are, Were, Was) they excited when he heard the news?7. There _ (be) some glasses on it.8. If he _ (be) free tomorrow, he will go with us.二.用be 动词的适当形式填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not.2. The girl_ Jacks sister.3. The dog _ tall
6、 and fat.4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5. _ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home.7. How _ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9. Whose dress _ this?10. Whose socks _ they?11. That _ my red skirt.12. Who _ I?13.The jeans _ on the desk.14.Here _ a scarf fo
7、r you.15. Here _ some sweaters for you.16. The black gloves _ for Su Yang.17. This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling.18. The two cups of milk _ for me.19. Some tea _ in the glass.20. Gao shans shirt _ over there.第二章 There be句型1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2. 结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.(2) There
8、are +复数名词+地点状语.there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。eg. There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。 There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。1）.There be句型
9、与have的区别首先，从含义上说，There be表达的是 “某地有某物”。 如，There is a tree in front of the house。房子前有一棵树。而have讲的是 “某人/某物拥有”即指出的是宾语的所有者。 如：I have an interesting book。我有一本有趣的书。The chair has three legs。这把椅子有三条腿。其次，从直观上对比不难发现，一般There be句型直接置于句首，而have前面要有主语。这是因为There be句型是一个倒装句型，主语在be动词后。2.）There be句型的就近原则There be句型的就近原则也
10、是主谓一致语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项的单复数决定。 如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk。在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen，因此，be动词用单数is。3）There be句型的否定和疑问There be句型的疑问句是把题目中具体的be动词形式提前，否定是在be动词后加not。但是一般后面的名词前有a或any，那么此时not any或not a可以转化为no。如：There isnt a book in the bag.=The
11、re is no book in the bag。关于There be句型的反意疑问句需要特殊说明的是，后面的疑问部分要用使用句型原貌，不能将there改成it或其他代词。如：There was a meeting yesterday, wasnt there?不能写成wasnt it。4）There be句型的时态There be句型的时态根据时间状语和就近原则分别为：一般现在时There is/are一般过去时There was/were一般将来时There is going to be/There will be还有There used to be；There must/may/can
12、be等形式。其中，一般将来时的形式在初中考试中常出现。如：There _ a basketball match tomorrow。A.is going to have B.are going to have C.is going to be D.are going to be由于就近原则我们当然选单数，排除B、D，由于题目横线前已表明There，所以选C。5.）There be句型中的动词There be句型中的动词根据需要，有时可以用lie/stand/live/enter/happen/remain/seem to be等代替be动词。如：There stands a tree in fr
13、ont of the house。Long long ago,There lived an old man. He was very poor。6.There is+no+名词?句型如：There is no need to tell him the news. He has known it。常用句型有There is no need to do something。做某事没有必要。There is no sense in doing something。做某事没有意义。There is no point in doing something。做某事没有意义或没用。一.选择填空( )1.-A
14、gain, my computer doest work.- must be something wrong with the CPUA.There B.That C.It D.This( )2.There some milk ,some eggs and a few apples on the table.A.is B.are C.has D.have( )3.there are so many green trees on sides of the street .A.either B.each C.both D.neither( )4.there anything new in toda
15、ys newspaper .A.is B.are C.isnt D.arent( )5. there books on the shelf ？A.area B.is a C.have some D.areany( )6.there many elephants in Africa.A.is B.has C.are D.have( )7.-is there a hotel near here？ -.( )8.are there any on the table？A.meat B.cheese C.tomatoes D.papper( )9.-where is my wallet ？-there
16、a black on the floor.A.isit B.areones C.isone D.areone( )10.theres eraser on desk.A. anthe B.thea C.thethe D.an/二. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1.there are many (mouse) in the old house.2.there (be) an airport in Suqian some dayi hope3.there (be) four buildings built already in our school.4.there (be)hardly any juic
17、e left ,isthere？三.根据汉语完成下列句子。看！天空中有奇怪的东西。Look！ in Sky.没有水，地球上就没有生命。Without water, no lift on eath.冰箱里有多少冰激凌？ ice cream in the fridge？黑板在我的课桌前面。 a blackboard in front of my desk.一些老师在操场上。 some teachers on the playground .第三章 人称代词和物主代词一、人称代词表示我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们 的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：I am a teac
18、her.You are student.He is a student, too.We/You/They are students.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me. Lets go (lets =let us)二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。形容性物主代词（my,your,his,her,its,our,their）+名词而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：Is this your book?No,it isnt， its
19、 hers(her book)This pen is mine.代词练习（一）一、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）.3. （He / His）name is Mark. 4. Whats（she / her）name?5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li?7. （I/ My）am Ben. 8. （She / Her）is my sister.9. Fine , thank （your / you）. 10. How o
20、ld is （he / his）二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。1. These are _ ( he ) brothers.2. That is _( she ) sister.3. Lily is _ ( Lucy ) sister.4. Tom, this is _ ( me ) cousin, Mary.5. Now _(her parent) are in America.6. Those _ ( child ) are _ ( I ) fathers students.7. Do you know _ ( it ) name?8. Mike and Tom _ ( be ) frie
21、nds.9. Thanks for helping _( I ).10. _(Ann安)mother is _(we) teacher.三、单项选择。（ ）1. My family _ a big family. My family _all here.A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is（ ）2. This is _.A. a picture of family B. a picture of my familyC. a familys picture D. a family of my picture（ ）3. Lets _ good fr
22、iends.A. be B. are C. is D. am（ ）4. Is she your aunt? Yes, _.A. shes B. her is C. she is D. he is（ ）5. Are _ coats yours?Yes, they are .A. they B. these C. this D. there（ ）6. Is that _ uncle? No, it isntA. he B. she C. her D. hers（ ）7. Mrs. Green is _ grandmother.A. Jim and Kate B. Jim and Kates C.
23、Jims and Kates D. Jim and Kates（ ）8. Do you know the name _Mr. Greens son?A. in B. of C. on D. or（ ）9. _ the great photo of your family.A. thank for B. Thanks for C. Thank for D. thanks for（ ）10. Are those your friends? _.A. Yes, theyre B. No, they are C. Yes, they are D. Yes, those are代词练习（二）一、用适当的
24、代词填空1We like _ (he, his , him) very much.2Is this guitar _ (you, your, yours)?3_(She, Her, Hers) name is Li Li.4Father bought a desk for _ (I, my, me, mine).5_ (It, Its, Its) is very cold today.6Is this your book, Mike?Yes ,_(we, you, they )are.7Are you and Tom classmates?Yes, _(we, you ,they )are.8
25、Each of the students _( have, has) a pen pal.9He has a dog. I want to have _(it, one ),too.10Her parents are _ (both, all ,either )teachers.11The text is easy for you .There are _( few, a few ,little, a little) new words in it .12I want _( some, any) bananas. Give me these big _(one, ones).二、选择正确的答案
26、1Is this _ book?Ayou BI Cshe Dyour2Its a bird. _ name is Polly.AIts BIts CHis DIt3Whats that ?_ a jeep.Aits BIts CIts Dits4Whats that in English? _.AIts egg BThats egg CIts a egg DIts an egg5Whose cat is this ? Is it yours? Is it a white _?Acats Bone Cones Dcats6Please give the book to _.AI Bme Cmy
27、Dmine7_skirt is yours?AWhose BWhere CHow DWhich8_ is this pen ? Its Wang Fangs.AWhos BWhose CWhere DWhich9Kate and Mike do _ homework in the evening.Aones Bhis Cher Dtheir10There isnt _ water in the bottle.Aany Bsome Cno Da第四章 反身代词 数单数复数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词IyouHe/she/itweyouthey反身代词myselfy
28、ourselfHimself/herself/itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves另外，one的反身代词为oneself2、 反身代词的用法：(1) 作宾语：He teaches himself English at home.他在家自学英语。He can buy himself a lot of nice things.他可以给自己买好多好东西。We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我们昨晚玩得很开心。Take good care of yourself. 好好保重。He thinks more of others than of himself. 他想到别人比想到自己更多一些。2) 作表语：Im not quite myself today. 我今天情绪不好。He doesnt seem himself this morning. 今天上午他似乎不舒服。That poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。Ill be myself again in no time. 我一会儿就会好的。(3) 作主语或宾语的同位语（作主语同位语时，放在主语后或句末）：
