1、ZKW英语中考命题研究遵义专题研究突破专题七形容词和副词练习无答案专题七形容词和副词第一节形容词和副词辨析,中考五年命题规律及趋势考纲要求1.形容词(包括比较级和最高级)2.副词(包括比较级和最高级)考查点年份题号选项设置分值形容词词义辨析201579proudproud1分27fifteen years old/fifteenyearolds/fifteenyearsold1分201485lucklucky1分86tallertall1分201341hungry/thirsty/full1.5分43five days/fourth_day/fourday1.5分46the other/ano
2、ther/other1.5分48sweet/bitter/terrible1.5分84relaxrelaxed1分89botheither1分90personpersonal1分201282southsouthern1.5分86excitingexcited1分副词词义辨析201588suchso1分26How/which/why1分201422do something to/only/do nothing besides1分31How soon/How long/How_far1分201248no_longer/always/extremely1.5分81successsuccessfull
3、y1.5分89soneither1分90How longHow_soon1分形容词副词混合辨析201539friendly/lovely/quickly1.5分201349What/How/Why1.5分201227good/well/better1分46unusual/usually/usual1.5分形容词副词转换201583completecompletely1分201479heavyheavily1分201385happyunhappily1分遵义中考单项选择及完形填空对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在对词义辨析及比较等级的考查上。对词义辨析的考查侧重形容词词义的辨析，且侧重在语境中的应用
4、。对形容词与副词混合辨析的选项设置为简单句，主要集中在对词义辨析及同根的形容词和副词。如：what，how，why；friendly，lovely，quickly；unusually，usually，usual等。语篇填空、单词拼写及改错题偏向词性转换和比较等级的考查。预计2016年遵义中考的单项选择必定考查12道形容词或副词词义辨析或比较等级。完形填空也会涉及一道形容词或副词词义辨析。语篇填空、单词拼写及改错题主要涉及词性的转换及比较等级的考查。学生必须注意区分同根形容词与其ly结尾词的意义区别，如：true与truely；heavy与heavily。同时也要注意名词，副词与形容词或副词的转
5、换规律。,遵义中考重难点突破【考点抢测】一、词语运用1We can hardly believe that you learn to dance so _.(quick)2My uncle lost his ID card yesterday._，a schoolboy found it.(lucky)3Though it was raining _，the policeman was still standing at the crossing.(heavy)4All of us were _ that such a little girl spoke English so well.(su
6、rprise)5Its cool and _ in autumn in our hometown.(sun)二、单项选择()6.Its _ to find English difficult sometimes.Dont give up.Astrange Bunusual Cnormal()7.There are a lot of people talking and laughing in the room and its very _Aquiet Bsoft Cnoisy()8.In a green school everyone agrees to be _ about the envi
7、ronment.Anervous Bcareful Chonest()9.It is amazing that Mr.Guo sailed across the world by himself _ within 130 days.Adangerous BsuccessfulCsuccessfully()10.Please be _Theres an important meeting in the next room.Aquickly Bquietly Cquiet()11.How do you feel when you watch national flag going up?It ma
8、kes me feel _Aproudly Bproud Chappy()12.My old neighbour Charles felt _ after his children moved out.Alonely Bsafely Cangrily()13.My friend Frank sings well，and he is _ good at playing guitar.Anot Balso Cyet()14.Helen was so excited at the news that she could _ say a word.Aever Balmost Chardly【满分点拨】
9、一、形容词的用法及位置说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词。1作定语，放在名词之前，复合不定代词之后。如：The nice girl is my sister.这个漂亮的女孩是我妹妹。She has something special to give you.她有特殊的东西给你。注意：有少数形容词只能作表语，不能作定语，如alone，afraid，asleep，awake，alive，well等。2作表语，放在系动词之后。如：He looks very happy.他看起来很开心。3作宾补，放在宾语之后，常与make，leave，keep等动词连用。如：You
10、must keep your eyes closed.你必须闭上眼睛。二、某些形容词说明事物间的关系，如方位、时间、用途等，没有比较级的变化，如the same，different，southern，northern，Chinese，Japanese等。如：My answer is different from yours.我的答案和你的不一样。三、副词的作用、构成、分类和位置1副词的作用副词是表示行为特征或性状特征的词。主要以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句。在句中主要用作状语。如：Sometimes were very busy.2副词的构成构成例词与形容词同形low，fast，late，
11、early，much，deep，little，hard，only，back，well，enough，long，high形容词后直接加lysadsadly；politepolitely辅音字母加y结尾的形容词改y为i再加lyhappyhappily；angryangrily；busybusily辅音字母加le结尾时，去e加ysimplesimply；terribleterribly；gentlegently少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加lytruetruly；dueduly注意：有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如：motherly，lovely，lively，friendly，lonel
12、y。有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加ly，意义有区别。常见的有：closeadj./adv.靠近closelyadv.密切地highadj./adv.高highlyadv.高度地freeadj./adv.免费freelyadv.自由地lateadj./adv.晚，迟latelyadv.近来deepadj./adv.深deeplyadv.深刻/深入地nearadj./adv.邻近nearlyadv.几乎/将近hardadj./adv.努力地hardlyadv.几乎不mostadj./adv.最mostlyadv.主要地wideadj./adv.宽阔widel
13、yadv.广泛地3.副词的分类和位置分类位置例词时间副词一般放在句尾now现在then那时today今天tomorrow明天yesterday昨天before前面ago之前soon很快once曾经，以前频度副词行为动词之前或助动词、情态动词及be动词之后twice两次daily天天，常常weekly每周，每周一次always总是，经常usually经常often经常，常常sometimes有时ever曾经never从来不地点副词一般放在句尾here这儿there那儿upstairs楼上downstairs楼下above上边behind后边everywhere每个地方anywhere任何地方方式
14、副词放在不及物动词之后或及物动词之前well好地badly劣质地fast快速地hard难地；努力地happily快乐地loudly大声地luckily幸运地politely礼貌地really真正地safely安全地程度副词被修饰的形容词或副词前，情态动词或助动词之后。enough修饰形容词或副词时须后置quite相当，完全，十分；rather相当，颇，有点；very非常；much许多；a lot许多；a little一点，一些；a bit少量；enough足够；hardly几乎不；almost大多数疑问副词通常置于句首疑问副词有when，where，why，how，how long，how s
15、oon，how often，how far等。关系副词用来引导宾语从句有when，where，why，how等，关系副词常用来引导从句。四、形容词副词辨析1形容词词义辨析近几年遵义中考对形容词词义辨析的考查为必考点。2副词词义辨析遵义中考近5年单项选择中并没有考查副词词义辨析，但是完形填空中会涉及一道副词词义辨析的试题，且偏向频度副词的考查。3形容词副词混合辨析遵义中考中有很多形容词和副词形式相近的词。此类混合考法是遵义中考试题的亮点。下面将这部分最常见的形容词与副词加以归纳。(1)Its easy/for me to finish this task.I can finish this ta
16、sk easily完成这项任务很容易。(2)He walked up the path slowlySlowly he walked up the path.他慢慢地走在小路上。(不能使用slow)(3)The book is so clear that I can easily understand it.这本书很清晰，我很容易理解。(不使用clearly)(4)Tom thinks that it is hard to learn English well.汤姆认为学好英语很难。He can hardly speak English，can he？他不太会说英语，对吧？(5)You mos
17、tly need to listen and read.你主要需要听和阅读。(不能用形容词most)(6)You spend nearly half of your life on your job.你将几乎半生投入到你的工作中。(不能用形容词near)(7)Be quick，or we will be late.快点，要不然我们就迟到了。(不用副词quickly)(8)The money can be used usefully to help him.这笔钱用来帮助他会非常有价值。(不能用useful)(9)The whole project was badly managed.整个项目管
18、理不善。(不能用形容词bad来修饰动词mange)(10)Lily is so careful that there is no mistake in her composition.莉莉如此小心以至于她的作文中没有任何错误。(不能用副词carefully放be动词后)第二节形容词和副词比较等级,中考五年命题规律及趋势考纲要求1.形容词(包括比较级和最高级)2.副词(包括比较级和最高级)考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值形容词比较等级201580形容词的比较级happyhappier1分201480形容词的比较级deepdeeper1分201336形容词的比较级better/more/wors
19、e1分77形容词的最高级longlongest1分201278形容词的最高级busythe_busiest1.5分副词比较等级201183副词比较级badlyworse1.5分遵义中考单项选择对形容词和副词比较等级的考查不多，且偏向形容词的比较等级及形容词和副词的比较等级的考查主要设置在语篇填空及单词拼写题中，且偏向考查形容词的比较等级。预计2016年遵义中考的单项选择可能会考查一道形容词或副词的比较级，在单词拼写和语篇填空题中考查形容词或副词的比较等级可能性更大。,遵义中考重难点突破【考点抢测】一、词语运用1This place is not big enough for Lucys bir
20、thday party.We should find a _ one.(big)2I work hard this term，but Peter works much _.(hard)3Yao Ming is _ Chinese basketball player that ever played in NBA.(tall)4Playing computer games is _ of all the activities.(interesting)二、单项选择()5.We lost the match because they had _ players.They had eleven an
21、d we had only nine!Aless BfewerDmore()6.In the talent show，I performed well and Ann did even _Awell Bbetter Cmore()7.Most kids would say sports games are the _ things in a school.They feel very excited.Ahappiest Beasiest Cworst()8.Tom writes _ than us，so he can get good grades in writing.Amuch caref
22、ullyBmore carefullyCless careful()9.Someone says“Time is money”But I think time is _ important than money.Aless Bmuch Ceven more()10.You should do more exercise，or youll become _Amore strongly and stronglyBbetter and betterCweaker and weaker()11.Lucy does homework _ than Tim.Amuch carefullyBmore car
23、efulCmuch more carefully()12.The population problem may be one of _ problems in the world today.Agreat Bmore greatCthe greatest()13.Can you tell me why you learn English so well?Its very simple._ you work，_ grades you will get.AThe harder；the bestBThe hard；the betterCThe harder；the better()14.Is thi
24、s kind of pet _ a pet dog these days?Aas lovely asBmore lovelier thanCmuch lovely than【满分点拨】一、形容词副词比较等级的构成1形容词副词比较等级的一般变化规则构成方法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加er，est。smallfastsmallerfastersmallestfastest以不发音的e结尾的单音节词加r，st。nicefinenicerfinernicestfinest以辅音字母y结尾，改y为i，再加er，est。earlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest
25、一个元音字母一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的单词，双写辅音字母再加er，est。redbigthinredderbiggerthinnerreddestbiggestthinnest部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加more，most。interestingimportantmore interestingmoreimportantmost interestingmost important2.常见不规则变化的形容词和副词原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/
26、furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest3形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法句型意义例句asadj./adv.as两者比较，程度相同时用“asas”结构。This book is almost/nearly as thick as that one.这本书几乎同那本一样厚。如果形容词修饰单数可数名词，应用as形容词/副词原级a(n)可数名词单数形式as。Tom is as good a person as his uncle.汤姆和他叔叔一样是好人。not as(so)adj/advas两者相比，一方不及另一方。I didnt do
27、 my homework as carefully as you.我做作业不如你仔细。adj/adv比较级than两者进行比较。She usually gets up earlier than others.她通常比别人起得早。比较级and比较级越来越，多音节的用more and more形容词或副词原级。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful，stronger and stronger.我们的国家越来越美，越来越强大了。the比较级，the比较级越，越，如果“the比较级”修饰名词作定语，名词要紧跟在比较级之后。The busier the old man is，the happier he feels.那位老人越忙越高兴。The more，the better.越多越好。具体数字(如倍数)asas是的倍。The city is two times as big as my hometown.这个城市是我的家乡的2倍。倍数比较级than形容词与具体倍数等的比较。This city is three times larger than that one.这座城市比那座城市大三倍。最高级
