1、At present，the world has about 6，800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages，often spoken by many people，which hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages；the Ameri
2、cas about 1，000；Africa 2，400；and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200，of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number（中位数） of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6，80
3、0 languages and close to extinction（消亡），with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick，at random，Busuu in Cameroon（eight remaining speakers），Chiapaneco in Mexico（150），Lipan Apache in the United States（two or three） or Wadjigu in Australia（one，with a questionmark）：none of these seems to have much chance
4、of survival.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了全球语言多样性的发展变化以及现在所面临的危机。1What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?AThey developed very fast.BThey were large in number.CThey had similar patterns.DThey were closely connected.B推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago，when the world
5、 had just five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them”可知，在狩猎时代，人口少，语言却很丰富，故选B。2Which of the following best explains“dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2?AComplex. BAdvanced.CPowerful. DModern.C词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“In recent centuries.all have caused many languages to disapp
6、ear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over”可知，近几个世纪以来，随着社会的发展，很多语言已经消失，英语、西班牙语、汉语逐渐占主导地位。complex“复杂的”；advanced“高级的，先进的”；powerful“有影响力的”；modern“现代的”。故选C。3How many languages are spoken by less than 6，000 people at present?AAbout 6，800. BAbout 3，400.CAbo
7、ut 2，400. DAbout 1，200.B数字计算题。根据第三段最后一句“The median number（中位数） of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that”可知，目前全球不同语言使用人数的中位数仅是6 000，这就意味着世界上有一半的语言的使用人数不到6 000；结合第三段第一句“At present，the world has about 6，800 languages”可知，选B。4What is the
8、main idea of the text?ANew languages will be created.BPeoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.CHuman development results in fewer languages.DGeography determines language evolution.C主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句中的“but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going”和第二段可知，随着人类社会的发展，尤其是工业化、全球化
9、以来，很多语言已经消失，即人类的发展使得语言的种类越来越少。BSweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy. It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick, the aged, and children who have lost their parents, but also friends, workmates, relatives
10、 and neighbours whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.Over 60 years ago, when a Cleveland man noticed that some people, such as children who lost their parents and patients who lay in bed, too often felt forgotten and neglected,_he developed in his mind the idea of showing them that they we
11、re remembered.He did this by giving them small gifts. With the help of his friends and neighbours, he gave those people small gifts on a Saturday in October. During the years that followed, other Clevelanders began to take part in the celebration, which came to be called “Sweetest Day”Over time, the
12、 Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the poor, the sick and children who had lost their parents was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift. Soon the idea spread to other cities all over the USA.Sweetest Day is not based on any
13、 single groups religious beliefs or on a family relationship. It is a reminder that a thoughtful word or deed enriches life and gives it meaning.Because for many people remembering takes the form of gift giving, Sweetest Day offers us the opportunity to show others that we care, in a positive way.【语
14、篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国甜蜜日的由来及意义。在这一天，一份小小的礼物就能帮助我们传达对病人、老年人和失去父母的孩子的关爱以及对朋友、亲人等无私关爱的感激。5Which of the following has little relationship to Sweetest Day?AVisiting sick people of the hospital.BVisiting children who have lost their parents.CGiving friends small gifts.DGiving flowers to sweethearts.D细节理解题。
15、由第一段第二句“It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick，the aged，and children who have lost their parents，but also friends，workmates，relatives and neighbours whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.”可知，此节日没提到送情人鲜花，故选D项。6What do most people usually do to s
16、how their care to others according to the passage?AThey give money. BThey give gifts.CThey send regards. DThey offer help.B细节理解题。由文章第二段中的信息“.and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift.”可知B项正确。7The underlined word “neglected” in the second paragraph means “_”Arememb
17、eredBhatedCpaid little or no attention toDdisappointed由该词前面的“too often felt forgotten”可知，neglected意为“被忽视的”，故C项正确。CAs a teenager, I hated Physical Education lessons.I was not very good at sports, and I hated team sports because I always felt like I was disappointing the rest of the team. I was always
18、 making up excuses to get out of such lessons.When I started university, I decided to try kung fu. To my surprise, I loved it! It was a friendly club, and in my first year most of us were beginners. I used to go two or three times a week to train. Because it is not a team sport, I didnt feel guilty
19、（内疚的） about not being very good.And because it is a combat （格斗） sport, you train in pairs, which means that you get to meet people and talk to them. When I was doing kung fu, I got stronger and quicker. Unluckily, in the last year of university I was too busy to do kung fu most of the time.When I mo
20、ved to Italy this year I decided to start doing a combat sport again. I found a great local club that does mixed martial arts （综合格斗） and I love it. The club is more serious than the one at my university and we do lots of practice fights. It is very fun.When I was a teenager, I would say I just wasnt
21、 a sporty person and that I just didnt like sport and never would.Now I know that everyone should try as many sports as possible because there is often something out there for everyone!【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己从不喜欢运动到喜欢运动的经历，说明只要尝试，总会找到适合自己的运动。8When the author was a teenager, he _Adisliked sportsBoften t
22、old lies at schoolCwas poor at his lessonsDdidnt get along with his classmatesA细节理解题。根据第一段，作者青少年时期讨厌体育课，不擅长运动，经常找理由不上体育课和最后一段的第一句可知选项A正确。9Why didnt the author feel guilty about not being very good at kung fu?AHe had never done kung fu before.BHe didnt do kung fu often enough.CPeople in that club wer
23、e very friendly.DHis performance didnt affect others.第一段提到作者不喜欢团队运动，是因为感到自己做不好会让队员们失望，再根据第二段作者上大学之后喜欢功夫，因为功夫不是团队运动，不会因为自己做不好影响他人而感到内疚。10What can we learn about the author?AHe went to work in Italy after university.BHe felt regretful over his boring childhood.CHe liked combat sports more than team sp
24、orts.DHe didnt do kung fu in the last year of university.C细节理解题。通读全文可知，作者不喜欢团队运动是因为害怕自己做不好而使其他队员失望，而格斗运动则正好符合作者的心愿。11What might be the best title for the text?AWhy I hated sportsBWhy I should do sportsCWhat I learned from sportsDHow I became a sports loverD主旨概括题。作者讲述了自己是如何从青少年时期不爱运动到上大学之后爱上运动的，故选项D符
25、合题意。DLise Meitner was born in Vienna, Austria on November 7, 1878. She was the third child of eight children in the family. Her father Philipp, who was a lawyer, hired personal teachers to teach the children, and she learned mathematics very well. Music was important to the family, and all the child
26、ren learned to play the piano. The Meitner children were taught to listen to their parents, but to think for themselves.When Lise Meitner finished school at the age of 14, she could not go to college for higher education, as were all girls in Austria.But, inspired by the discovery of Henri Becquerel
27、, she was determined to study radioactivity （放射性）When she turned 21, women were finally allowed into Austrian universities.Meitner was admitted into the University of Vienna; there she was excellent at math and physics and earned her doctors degree in 1906. She wrote to Marie Curie, but there was no
28、 room for her in the Paris lab, so Meitner made her way to Berlin. There she worked with Otto Hahn, but as an Austrian Jewish woman, she was excluded from the main labs and allowed to work only in the basement.In 1912, the pair moved to a new university and Meitner had better lab equipment. Though Meitner was forced to escape Nazi Germany in 1938, they continued to cowork. Meitner continued her work in Sweden and later they found the phenomenon “nuclear fission （核裂变）”. The discovery, which finally led to the atomic bomb, won Hahn the Nobel Prize in 1944. Meitner, ign
