1、14. by chance碰巧15. come across偶遇16. intend计划，打算17. deliver提送，生（小孩），接生，发表（演说）18. carry on继续，坚持12【重点句型】1. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other and her study of their bodylanguage helped her work out their social system.她还发现了黑猩猩之间是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她弄清楚了黑猩猩的社会体系。 work out解决、解答、计
2、算出；产生结果、发展；锻炼；作出、制订出2. She is leading a busy life but she says 她过着忙碌的生活，但是她说 lead a life = live a life 过的生活3. Many people look down upon poor people.很多人瞧不起穷人。look down upon / on蔑视；轻视；瞧不起You mustn t look down upon/ on the disabled.你绝不能瞧不起残疾人。4. If the word group refers to different members, use a plu
3、ral verb.如果group （作主语）指的是各个成员，谓语动词用复数。 refer to 指的是：提及；谈到；提到；查阅、参考5. By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women s diseases. 很偶然地，我看到了一篇关于林巧稚大夫的文章，她是一名妇科专家。 by chance=by accident偶然地，意外地6. Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on h
4、er good work?为什么不像林巧稚那样去读医学院，继续她的伟大事业呢？ carry on继续；坚持【语法总结】主谓一致（点击“主谓一致”即可查看全部内容）Unit 2 Working the land1. struggle斗争2. expand使变大，伸展3. thanks to幸亏，由于4. rid 摆 脱5. rid of 摆脱，除去6. be satisfied with对感到满意7. would rather宁愿8. therefore因此9. export出口10. regret后悔，遗憾11. build up逐渐增加，建立，开发12. lead to导致13. focus
5、 on集中与14. reduce减少15. keep.free from/of使免受影响16. comment评论，议论1. Have you ever grown any plants? If so, what did you do to grow them? If not, what kind ofplant would you like to try growing?你种过植物吗？如果种过的话，你是怎么种植的？如果没有种过的话，你想要尝试种植什么植物？ If so 为省略句式，意为“如果是这样的话”，if 用作连词，so 用来代替上文的内容，以避免重复。If not意为“如果不是这样的话
6、，否则，要不然”，意义与If so 相反。2. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a highoutput. 1974 年，他成了世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。不定式放在表示次序的词如the first, the last以及 the only, the very, the right, the best等词后面作定语,且与所修饰的名词之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。3. Using his hybrid rice, framers are producing
7、 harvest twice as large as before.用他的杂交水稻， 农民种出的粮食是以前的两倍。“ times as+ 形容词/副词的原级+ as ”为常见的倍数表达法，意为“是的几倍”。This room is three times as big as that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。知识拓展英语中常见的倍数表达法还有：This room is twice bigger than that one.= This room is three times the size of that one.The output of TV sets in our fact
8、ory is 15 times that of ten years ago.= The output is 15 times what it was ten years ago.我们厂电视机的产量是10 年前的 15 倍。【语法总结】动名词动词的ing 形式如果是名词，这种形式叫做动名词。动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。一. 动名词的四种形式及其意义基本形式：doing （表示主动）被动式：being done （表示被动）完成式：having done （表示主动和完成）完成被动式：having been done （表示被动和完成） 例如：Travellin
9、g in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans.Freddy 和他的乐队到哪里都被他们的粉丝跟着。I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.我不知道他做过这样一件违背你的事情。Many customers complain of having been given
10、 short weight at that shop.很多顾客抱怨在那家商店被缺斤少两过。二. 动名词的语法功能动名词在句中可以做主语、宾语、表语和定语等。Learning English is very difficult .（作主语）学英语非常困难。I enjoy dancing. （作动词宾语） 我喜欢跳舞。 I have got used to living in the country.（作介词宾语）我已经习惯了住农村。His job is driving a bus.（作表语）他的工作是开车。The washing mashine woks well. （作定语）这台洗衣机非常好用
11、。三. 注意事项1. 只接动名词（不能接不定式）作宾语的28 个常用动词practice 、consider 、enjoy 、finish 、give up 、imagine 、keep 、put off 、risk 、suggest 、admit 、advise 、allow 、appreciate 、avoid 、delay 、deny 、discuss 、dislike 、escape 、excuse 、fancy 、forbid 、mention 、mind 、miss 、permit 、prohibit2. 既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的8 个动词remember to
12、do sth. 记住要做某事（未做） remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（已做） forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做） forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（已做）regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事（未做）regret doing sth.后悔/抱歉做过某事（已做）try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事mean to do sth.计划做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事can t help to do sth.不能帮助做某事 can t help doing sth.情不自禁做
13、某事go on to do sth.继续做另一件事go on doing sth.继续做同一件事stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事stop doing sth.停下正在做的事情3. it 做形式主语，动名词做真正主语位于句末的重要句型It is no use/not any use/hardly any use/useless doingIt is no good / not much good doing It is no worthwhile doingIt is a waste of time doingUnit 3 A taste of English humor1. up to now直到现在2. content满足的，满意的3. feel/be content with对满足 4. badly off穷的，缺少的5. entertain使欢乐，款待6. overcome战胜，克服7. pick out挑出，辨别出8. cut off切断，断绝9. convince使信服10. di
