1、状语及状语从句,定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。,准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。,同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。,状语一般分为九大类,时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 目的状语 结果状语 条件状语 方式状语 比较状语 让步状语,什么能做状语？,1 副词2 介词短语：he traveled in Africa for six weeks.3 形容词:my uncle stood there,died.he finally came back,tired and cold.4 with复合结构:with a l
2、ot of work to do,I think I have no time to accompany you.5 独立主格结构:he lay on his bed,his hands under his head.6 非谓语动词：to do doing/having done done7 状语从句,1.时间状语从句：,当时候:when,while,as,一就：the moment,the minute,as soon as,immediately,directly，no soonerthan,hardlywhen每当：every time,each time其他：before,after,
3、till,until,since,When-当时候,通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。,When I opened the window,I saw him come up.,When I have time,I will go to see you.（主将从现）,When-正在的时候，突然。在翻译的时候，when 可以译成没想到或突然。,I was walking along the street,when I met him.,I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in.I am going to leave when
4、 the telephone rings.,When 当从句是进行时，主句是一般时，往往表示不满。,Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast.,When I was leaving the house,the postman arrived.,When the children had gone to bed,she began toprepare her lessons.,When=after,While-在期间，往往指一段时间。,While we were in America,we saw him twice.,Whi
5、le we were talking,he came in.,Strike while the iron is hot.,While-表示一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受等。,We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.,The soldier faces the powder while the beauty powder the face.,While I am washing the floor,you can be cleaning the windows.,As-一边一边,
6、随着,She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.,As she grew older,she became more beautiful.,As-当时，指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。,As I was going out,it began to rain.,I saw Mary as she was going on the bus.,As he was eating his breakfast,he heard someone knock at the door.,Someone patted
7、me on the shoulder as I was standing before the shop window.,The moment-一就=as soon as,immediately,-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?,-Yes,I gave her the moment I saw her.,Not until-直到才,He didnt leave the office until he finished the work.,=He left the office when he finished the
8、work.,Not until 可以和 when 互换,Before-在之前,The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.,Did you work as a stewardess before you come to this company?,It was not long before I forgot it all.,(It was/will be before 是常用句型),He ran off before I could stop him.,After-在 之后,The
9、 customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.,The plane took off after the air traffic controller gave clearance.,Since-自从,通常主句用现在完成时,I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.,The captain has traveled almost everywhere in the world since h
10、e became a pilot.,It is just a week since we arrived here.,(It is/has been since是常用句型）,As soon as-一就,Jack went to school as soon as he got well.,Ill ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.,No sooner than-一就,No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.,no sooner than 用于句首要求倒装,Hardly whe
11、n,Scarcely when,Once you see him,you will never forget him.,Once-一但就,Every time,each time 每次whenever 每当,Each time he came to town,he would visit our school.,Whenever we met with difficulties,they came to help us.,2.条件状语从句,引导状语从句的连接词有:,If,unless,as long as,in case,provided that,on condition that,If-如
12、果,If you dont hurry up,you will miss the plane.,If it snows tomorrow,the flight will be canceled.,If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning,youd better get to bed now.,Unless-如果不,除非=if not,We cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight,=We cannot get there on time if we dont book the e
13、arliest flight.,Dont trouble trouble unless trouble troubles you.,He will not join us unless he changes his mind.,As long as-只要,We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.,You cant play games as long as you remember the rules.,A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.,As(so)far as-据所知,A
14、s far as I know,he speaks English very well.,As/So far as I know,he is an expert on DNA.,In case-假使,如果,The plane cannot take off in case it rains.,Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.,Provided that 如果,有时省略 that,The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of caref
15、ully.,You can become a stewardess provided that you are in good shape and you have got the proper education.,On condition that-条件是,He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.,The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he pass
16、es his English test.,注:主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时。,If he arrives tomorrow,I will be waiting for him at the airport.,He said he would not leave unless it was fine next day.,3.地点状语从句,地点状语从句只有两个连词:,Where,wherever,Where-在地方,Put the medicine where you can easily get it.,Where that high building stands,there used to be some low,deserted houses.,Where there is a will,there is a way.,Wherever-无论哪里,He follows her wherever she goes.,Wherever you are,I will be right there waiting for you.,4.原因状语从句,becau
