1、高中英语新高考改革从江苏卷走向全国卷比较分析+应对措施高中英语新高考 -改革：从江苏卷走向全国卷 （比较分析 + 应对措施）全国卷对于成绩中等考生，尤其是对于英语绝望的考生，是个天大的福音。全 国卷很规矩， 不走极端， 只要你认真刷题， 然后抓好词汇， 效果是立竿见影的， 你会喜欢上英语的，并发出感慨：原来，英语我也是可以考高分啊。而对于优 秀学生，也不是坏事，因为江苏卷，你无论成绩多好，都要每天刷高大上的题 目，遇到任务型也是束手无策，全国卷给你一个考满分的机会了，而且还不要 投入太多的精力。未来英语的竞争，真是分毫必争了。建议：抓好词汇，不要太钻，大部分只需要识记的。抓好阅读完形， 我认为
2、， 江苏模考卷的阅读完形可以继续使用的， 起点高一点，不是坏事，我们的目标是高分甚至满分。江苏阅读完形命题技术上和全国卷一 样的，差别在于选材， 文学类的小说文章可以不做了，文学评论可以不做了 重点 科普文、说明文和记叙文。语法，要注意多做填空题，把握最最基础的做好这三件事，就可以了，其它的题型都是建立它们的基础上，开学后跟着任 课老师刷刷题就 ok 了。 首先要分析全国卷和江苏卷的题型区别：全国卷 I 和 II 题型几乎完全一样，就是难度稍微有点差别，因此无须 为此纠结。我们主要分析 I 卷：江苏卷和全国卷 I 完全一样的题型是：第一大题：听力（ 30 分）第二大题：阅读（ 30 分）20
3、分第三大题：完形（ 30 分） 以上三大题，江苏卷由于分值的原因，听力是 20 分，完形是那么全国卷的不同的题型是：第一、七选五的阅读理解（ 10 分）第二、语法填空（ 15 分）第三、短文改错（ 10 分）第四、写作（ 25 分） 这就意味着，你将和江苏的任务型阅读、单选彻底告别了。但是即使 是一样的题型，也有差别的。下面我一一说明：听力 ，江苏高考一直用全国卷的，所以这块不用分析，但是此后每道题就是 1.5 分了，各位同学的损失价值增加了二分之一，所以还是要 一如既往搞好听力训练。阅读理解，江苏 的阅读特点就是：文章长，句子长，题材还涉及到文学评论、小说、哲学思考，即使科普文，也要搞一些深
4、度分析（例如人性的角度，经济变化等等），但是全国卷就比较缓和了，肯定没有文学评论、小说、哲学类，题材集中在科普文、说明文和记叙文，少 了烧脑的深度分析，譬如今年介绍语言的消失，就是说一下不同的时 间段语言特点。江苏文章 BCD 篇词数基本都是： 380 、 450 、 650 ；全国卷 BCD 篇基 本都是： 300-350 之间。江苏文章由于选材的深度高一些，所以用词的术语就多，看起来概念 多，这就要考生去理解并记住。如果撇开长度和话题深度而言，全国卷和江苏卷阅读几乎没有差别。 现在高考阅读的难度主要在选材上，命题技术上很难看出高下。近年 来，阅读趋向语篇意义的理解，江苏卷和全国卷几乎保持同
5、步，譬如推理题、选标题、词义猜测题等都要结合语篇。下面我会结合例题简 要分析。先说 2018 年全国 I 卷，总结一下：1 、语篇特点非常鲜明2 、命题点都是落在语篇关键句上。 这和江苏命题一样，也是今后的命题方向。CLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small
6、, tightly knit （ 联系 ） groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soonafterwards, manyof thosepeople startedsettlingd
7、ownto become farmers, and theirlanguages toobecamemoresettledand fewer innumber.In recent centuries,trade,industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and thedecades , all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly
8、taking over.At present , the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The generalrule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200
9、 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number ( 中位数 )of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world slanguages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well o
10、ver 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction ( 消亡 ), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick,at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with aquestion-mark）
11、: none of these seems to have much chance of survival.命题者选文严格遵守层次分明的说明文：开篇说 主 题： 语言在消失 ： Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.末段照应：具体的数量的语言在小时： Already well over 400 of thetotal of 6,800 languages are close t
12、o extinction （ 消亡 ）, with only a few elderly speakers left.中间用时间顺序展开：When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherersSoon afterwardsin the past few decadesAt present命题点是：28.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A.They developed very fast. B. They were large in number.C. Th
13、ey had similar patterns. D. They were closely connected.本题针对第一个时间节点的语言特征命题，根据：When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small,tightly knit （联 系） groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.可知：群居时代，语言各自独立，这就意味着语言种类很多，所以选B.这种推理也不是直接看出答案的，需要一种数学转换。29.Which of t
14、he following best explains “ dominant ” underlined in paragraph 2?A.Complex. B. Advanced.B.Powerful. D. Modern.本题是猜测词义题，在第二个时间点，根据： all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. 可知take over 和 powerful 相近。这种题大都一样
15、的思维。选 C.30.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A.About 6,800. B. About 3,400.C. About 2,400. D. About 1,200.本题也是根据语篇意义， 根据首句： At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. 结合定位句 The median number （ 中位数 ） ofspeakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world s
16、languages are spoken by fewer people than that. 就能计算。 选 B 。31.What is the main idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B.People s lifestyles are reflected in languages.C.Human development results in fewer languages.D.Geography determines language evolution. 主旨大意题，根据语篇的概念，第一句就是大意，说语言的消失，只 有
17、C 说到了语言越来越少。如果说以上还不能完整体现语篇概念，那么 D 篇更明显了：We may think we re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （ 装置 ） well after they go out of style. That s bad news for the environment and our wallet
18、s as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using , Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout i
19、ts life from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992.Digital cameras arrived on the
20、 scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn t throwout our old ones. “ The living-room television is replaced andgets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day,
21、you have a TV in every room of the house, ” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We re not just keeping theseold devices we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs
22、 with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energyconsumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （ 排放 ） more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what s the solution （ 解决方案 ）? The team s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen
23、if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%. 本篇选材语篇模式：现象实验分析解决方
24、式，这和历年江苏 完全一致的： 第一段点明主旨： we keep using our old devices （ 装置 ） well after they go out of style.第二段开始用实验证明使用旧设备的不利： 先说明实验目的： To figure out how much power these devices are using , 第 三 段 再 说 明 实 验 结 果 ： the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （ 排放 ）
25、more than doubling 最后一段说解决方式： So what s the solution （ 解决方案 ）?看命题点：32.What does the author think of new devices?the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. Theygo outofstylequickly.本题是考查区分作者态度和事实，和江苏考查一样。根据首段的Thats bad news for the environment and ourwallets as theseA. They are environment-friendly.
26、B. They are no better thanoutdated devices consume much more energy than the newerones that do the same things. 可见选 A 。这个里面也是需要推理的：旧设备耗费更多的能量，说明新设备耗费的少。33.Why did Babbitt s team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new t
27、echnology.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices. 本题考查实验目的，直接根据第二段首句和第三段末句进行推理，选D。34.Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV. B. The tablet. C. The LCD TV. D. Thedesktop computer.细节考查，因为文章列举了很多具体设备的耗费，所以一般都会有一 个细节题。选 B.35.What does the text suggest people do abou
28、t old electronicdevices?本题考查解决方案，从 replaced old products with new electronics可知答案 A.that serve more than one function再说 2017 年全国卷，我做了一个具体分析：B篇记叙文的文本分析1.注意感情的变化。2.记叙文的语篇模式：开始发展高潮（ twist） 结局1.注意感情的变化。四个地方要关注副词和状语虚拟语气 动词感叹号2.记叙文的语篇模式：开始发展高潮（ twist） 结局 开始： examined the chick发展 ： construct a nest and anc
29、horit in a tree高潮： recording of the hungerscreams of结局： the parents hadresponded to the recordings具体演化总写： Trying to .heartbreaking - survival is never certain- However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.开始： it seemed fine- If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to putit back, but no
30、luck.发展： The homeowner was very helpful - this nest s afe andcomfortable .- it quickly calmed down .高潮 ：Now all that was needed were theparents, but they wereabsent. - they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.结局： A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits ofnature smil
31、e on us all! - l ooking healthy and active- greatest sight of all LUNCH ! - The parents had donetheir duty and would probably continue to do so.语篇模式把握的好处：快速把握文章大意；有利于文本分析命题技巧探索一、从题干的分析：1. 按段的顺序出题2.题干本身透露了事物发展的框架内容 二、选项的特点：1 、 Efforts made in vain.原句： survival is never certain .干扰项特点：原句： Trying to help injured,displaced or sick creatures Getting injured in his work （混淆角色）Feeling uncertain about his future （混淆角色）Creatures forced out of their homes （无中生有） 2、To look at a baby owl原句： I got a rescue call from a woman inMuttontown. Sh
