1、中考 代词 介词 总复习教师姓名学生姓名教材版本深圳牛津版学科名称英语年 级九年级上课时间课题名称代词 介词教学目标掌握中考常考的代词和介词教学重点代词， 介词教 学 过 程备 注Step 1：代词一、概念： 代词是为了避免重复而用来代替该词的词。英语是一种不喜欢重复的语言，当文中第二次提到同一个名词时，一般都要用相应的代词来代替。二、分类 英语代词可分为八大类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词和连接代词八种。（一） 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词：（见下表）人称 主格 I you he she it we they you 宾格 me you him her
2、 it us them you 物主 形容词性 my your his her its our their your 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours theirs yours 反身 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves themselves yourselves 1、人称代词 表示“我”、“你”“他（她、它）”、“我们”、“你们”、“他（她、它）们”的词，称为人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。 (1)在并列的主语中，人称代词I总放在最后。（第二人称、第三人称和第一人称）You，Lucy and
3、I are good friends. 你，露西和我是好朋友。（2）位置 人称代词的用法规则是“主格用在谓语前，宾格用在动词、介词后”My mother is a teacher. _is very kind and easygoing. （2005年北京市海淀区）A. He B. Her C. She D. Him（3）人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如：He is older than me. He is older than I am.2.物主代词 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语，相当于一个形容词；名词性
4、物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语，相当于一个名词。（1）名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。 _camera is not so expensive as_，but it works well， too.A. My； his B. Mine； himC. My； him D. Mine； his（2）of +物主代词构成双重所有格。a（an, this, that ）+名词+of +名词性物主代词。物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, no, each,every, such, another等词一起前置，修饰一个名词，而
5、必须用双重所有格。如： a friend of mine（我的一个朋友），each brother of his（他的每一个兄弟）.3. 反身代词是表示“自己”的代词。反身代词的固定搭配：by oneself （靠）自己 enjoy oneself过得愉快 help oneself to随便吃 teach oneself自学 talk to oneself自言自语 He is too young to look after _.A. herself B. himself C. myself D. yourself（二）、few, a few, little, a little的用法：few 很
6、少几个 否定 复数可数名词a few 有几个 肯定 复数可数名词little 很少，不多 否定 不可数名词a little 有一点 肯定 不可数名词（三）不定代词用法一览表例 词含义作 用例 句both后接复数名词表示两个人或事物主语Both are teachers. 两个都是教师。宾语The teacher wanted both of us to go.老师要我们两个人都去。定语Both questions are easy.两个问题都很容易。作定语，后跟复数同位语They both did it well.他们两个人都干得不错。注: 1. both与定冠词、指示代词、物主代词连用时，应
7、放在这些词的前面。2. both在否定句中用作主语时，表示部分否定。如： Both of you wont go. 你们两个不需要都走。neither后接单数名词(与both反义)表示两个人或事物都不主语Neither is mine.两个都不是我的。宾语I want neither of the books.那两本书我都不要。定语Neither sentence is correct.两个句子都不对。注: Neither在句子中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Neither在句子中作主语时表示全部否定。如: Neither of you is Japanese.你们两个都不是日本人。You c
8、ant eat either of them=You can eat neither of them.either后接单数名词两个人或物中任一个主语Either will be all right.两个中哪一个都行。宾语He looked at the two pens, but didnt buy either(=bought neither).他看了两支笔，但一支也没有买。定语You may take either book (=take one of the two books).=You cant take both of the two books.两本书你可以任选一本。all最少表
9、示三个以上(肯定)主语All of them are workers.他们都是工人。宾语The teacher asked us all about the matter.老师问了我们所有的事。表语Thats all for today.今天就到这。定语All men are mortal.人总是要死的。状语He was all covered with mud.他浑身是泥。同位语They all came here.他们都到了。注: 1. all与定冠词、指示代词、物主代词连用时要放在它们的前面。例如: Do you see all the birds in the tree?你看到树上所有
10、的鸟了吗？ 2. all用作状语时，应放在实义动词之前，助动词之后。例如： The books were all sold out.所有的书都卖完了。 3. not与all连用时表示部分否定。Not all the students like basketball。并非所有的学生喜欢篮球。none(与all反义，与no one, not any同义)最少表示三个(否定)主语None of them have come back yet.他们一个都还没有回来。宾语She chose none but the best.她只挑了最好的东西。表语Its none of your business.没
11、你的事。同位语We none of us send anything to our teacher.我们谁也没有给老师送东西。注: none用在表示最少三个以上的否定。None指不可数名词时，其谓语用单数;指可数名词时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。一般来说，从整体上来看，应用复数；后常跟介词of例如：None of the money is mine. 这些钱都不是我的。None of the answers is(are) correct. 这些答案都不对。manymuchmany+可数名词，much+不可数名词主语Did many oppose it? 有许多人反对它吗？There is
12、much milk in my cup. And there is not much in yours.我的杯里有许多奶，而你的杯里没有多少了。宾语I have as many as my sister has. 我和妹妹拥有的一样多。Eat as much as you like. 你尽量地吃吧。定语We have many friends. 我们有许多朋友。There is much water left.还剩下许多水。someanysome用于肯定句，any用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。主语Some of us were late for school.我们中有些人上学迟到了。宾语I w
13、ant to eat some of the cakes.我想吃些蛋糕。定语I have some questions to ask. 我有些问题要问。Do you have any questions to ask? 你还有问题要问吗？注: 1在Would youlike some coffee?（要来点咖啡吗？）这样的肯定疑问句中，说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答时，用some而不用any。2.由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，如果有形容词修饰，该形容词必须后置。 There is nothing wrong with the radio.这收
14、音机没有毛病。Theres _ with your watch because it often keeps bad time.A. nothing wrongB. something wrongC. wrong nothingD. wrong somethingfewa few用于修饰可数名词。a few表示肯定，few表示否定主语Few of us study English. 我们中很少有人学习英语。A few of the girls are tall. 女孩中有几个个子高。宾语We have few of books. 我们几乎没有书。定语He is a man of few wor
15、ds. 他是个沉默寡言的人。littlea little修饰不可数名词。a little表肯定，little表否定。主语There is little left. 所剩无几。宾语He has done little for us. 他很少为我们做事。定语I have a little money with me. 我身上带着一点钱。eacheveryone(each指两个以上，every指三个以上)Each强调个性，可单独使用every强调共性，one表示某个，不可单独使用主语Each has his own work. 每个人都有自己的工作。One must do ones duty. 人尽
16、其量。宾语We must help each of the students. 我们必须帮助每位同学。定语Every one of us must study hard.我们中每位都必须努力学习。同位语They each had beautiful cars.他们每人都有一辆漂亮的小车。注: 1. one的所有格为ones;反身代词是oneself;复数形式是ones。One前面可用形容词或指示代词修饰，例如: the red one, this one。但不能用形容词性物主代词修饰。例如: my one, his one的表达是错误的。One还可以代替上面出现的同类事物，比如：Tom bou
17、ght a new MP3 ,I want to buy one ,too.2. every的后面不能接of短语，而every one, each后面则可以接of短语。otheranotherother表示“两个”之中的另一个; another表示三个以上或不明数量中的另一个。主语I have two rubbers. One is white, the other is red.(other常与the构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ., the other .”句型。)宾语I dont like this one,would you ha
18、ve another one.定语The other students are playing football. 另外一些同学在踢足球。Would you like another glass of water?你还要喝一杯水吗？1. other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ., others .”2. “the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。each other表示两者之间的“互相”宾语We must learn from each other and help each other.我们必须互相学习，互相
19、帮助。定语We should point out each others shortcoming.我们必须互相指出缺点。one another表示最少三以上的“互相”宾语They talked with one another. 他们互相交谈。They helped one another with English. 他们在英语上互相帮助。注:other相当于名词时，其复数形式为others,其所属格形式为others和others。each other的所属格为each others。one another的所属格为one anothers。（四）指示代词的一般用法： 表示“这个”、“那个”
20、、“这些”、“那些”等，指示意义的代词称为指示代词。指示代词有this, that, these, those, such, same等。1、This, that, these those的用法：（1）This(these)常用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物， these是this的复数形式；that(those)常指在时间或空间上较远的事物，those是that的复数形式。（2）this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。 （3）that和those有时可以用来代表前面刚提到过的名词以避免重复。The pears in my basket are smaller than _ in
21、Jims.A. it B. that C. ones D. those辨析(1)it，one，that作代词时的区别it特指上下文提到的同一对象是同一事物。如：The book is mine.Its very interesting.这本书是我的，它很有趣。one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类而不同一。如：Who has a pen？谁有钢笔？I have one.我有一支。that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复。如：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.冬天北京的天气比广
22、州的天气冷。选择题1. Sam looks like his Dad. They are _ tall.A. either B. any C. all D. both2. Is there _ in todays menu?-Yes, we have Beijing Duck.A. anything special B. special anything C. nothing special D. special nothing 3. Does _ know the answer to the question? -Me.A. everybody B. anybody C. somebody
23、D. nobody4. -Im afraid Ill fail in this exam.-Come on, Philip. You must believe in _. Thats the secret of success.A. yourself B. himself C. herself D. myself5. Im leaving for the exam. Bye-bye, Mum.-Well, make sure youve got _ ready.A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing6. What are you lo
24、oking for, Sally?-Im looking for my pen. I cant find _ anywhere.A. one B. it C. this 7. Are Jim and Bob playing outside?-_. They are doing their homework in the study. A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. None8. My sister has two skirts. One is yellow, _ is black.A. other B. another C. others D. the othe
25、r9. Things made by hand are usually more expensive than _ produced in factories.A. these B. this C. that D. those10. -What a nice MP5! Whose is it?-Its . My father bought it for me.A. me B. him C. his D. mine11. Which is more useful, listening or speaking?-I think _ of them are useful.A. none B. bot
26、h C. all12. All of us find _ necessary to take exercise every day.A. this B. that C. it D. them13. Linda, help _ to some fruits.-Thank you!A. you B. yours C. yourself D. youselves 14. College students are old enough to teach _.A. them B. their C. themselves D. they 15. I asked her for _ orange juice
27、, but she didnt have _.A. any; any B. some; any C. some; some D. any; some16. -Is this your pencil case, Tim?-No, it isnt, _ is over there.A. Mine B. My C. Myself D. I17. I guess Tom and his sister Celia enjoyed _ at the party.A. myself B. himself C. herself D. themselves18. There are many tall buil
28、dings on _ sides of the street.A. either B. all C. both19. She has written a lot of books, but _ are good ones.A. any B. some C. few D. many20. Believe yourself. Youre better than _. Youre the best. Wish you success!A. anyone else B. someone else C. else anyone21. Your MP4 is quite cheap. Where did
29、you buy _? I want to buy _, too.A. one; one B. it; it C. it; one D. one; it22. -They are discussing what to do for the disabled.- _is necessary to provide them with more positions.A. That B. This C. It D. There 23. Whos that speaking ?-_. A. This is Jack speaking B. I am speakingC. Jack is me D. I am Jack 24.It rained heavily this morning, but _ of my classmates were late for school.A. neither B. none C. all 25. Harbin i
