1、版高考英语大一轮增分计划之语法专项提升讲义专完全倒装谓语动词完全放在主语之前的句子，便是完全倒装句，或叫全部倒装。1表示方位或方向的副词或介词短语，如here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall以及表示时间的now, then等，置于句首且主语是名词时，句子完全倒装。Be quick！Here comes the bus.快点，公共汽车来了！For a moment nothing happened. Then came voices all shouting together.片刻之间什么声音也没有，之
2、后大家一起欢呼起来。【注意】 上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则句子用部分倒装。Away they went.他们走了。Over it turns!它翻过来了！2表语连系动词主语 (表语可以是：形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词)Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.出席会议的有怀特教授，史密斯教授还有许多其他客人。3suchbe主语Such are the facts: no one can deny them.这些就是事实，没有人可以否认它们。部分倒装部分倒装只是
3、把谓语的一部分提到主语前面，即把谓语部分的“助动词/情态动词/be动词”提到主语的前面，谓语的其他部分仍在主语后面。1So/Neither/Nor助动词/情态动词/be动词主语(表示前一句中的内容也适合另一人或另一事物)Lily cant play tabletennis. Neither can I. 莉莉不会打乒乓球，我也不会。2否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely等，及表示否定意义的介词短语at no time, in no case, under/in no circumstances, by no
4、means, on no condition等置于句首时。John talked with me for about an hour yesterday. Never had I heard him talk so much.约翰昨天和我谈了约一个小时，我从未听过他说那么多话。3hardly.when., scarcely.when., no sooner.than., not only.but also.等引导两个分句时，前一个分句用部分倒装，后一个分句不变。Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.他一听到这个消息
5、就哭了。4not until.“直到才”句型中，not until放在句首，后面的主句部分倒装。Not until the teacher came back did he leave the classroom.直到老师回来，他才离开教室。5在so/such.that.句型中，当so/such.提到句首时。So difficult did I find it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.我觉得这个问题太难解决了，所以决定向汤姆征求建议。6当“only状语(副词、介词短语或从句)”置于句首时。Only
6、 after my friend came was the computer repaired.只有在我朋友来了之后，电脑才修好。7用于as引导的让步状语从句中 (表语/状语/动词原形as主语)。Child as he was, he made a living by himself.尽管他是个孩子，他却得自己谋生。Try as he would, he might fail again.尽管他还会试，但可能还会失败。8if引导的虚拟条件句中，如果把if省略掉，把从句中的should, were, had提前，构成倒装。If it should rain tomorrow, we wouldn
7、t go camping. Should it rain tomorrow, we wouldnt go camping.如果明天下雨，我们就不去露营。If you had come earlier, you would have seen the famous star. Had you come earlier, you would have seen the famous star.如果你早一点来，就能看到那个明星了。强调句1强调句的基本句型是“It is/was被强调的部分that/who其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。It is only children who
8、make such stupid mistakes.只有孩子才会犯这样愚蠢的错误。It was because her mother was ill that she didnt come to school yesterday.是因为她母亲病了，她昨天才没来上学的。2强调句句型的一般疑问句只需将is/was提前，特殊疑问句的结构是“疑问词is/wasitthat从句”。Was it yesterday that you met your teacher in the street?你是昨天在大街上碰到你老师的吗？Why was it that you didnt come to the me
9、eting yesterday?究竟是因为什么你昨天没有来开会？3“It is/was not until.that.”这个句型强调时间状语。It was not until the next day that I learned the truth.直到第二天，我才明白事情的真相。省略句1在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if, unless, as if, though, as等引导的状语从句中，若谓语有be动词，而主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it时，从句的主语和be常被省略。Unless (I am) invited, I wont go
10、 to the party.除非被邀请，否则我是不会去参加那个派对的。When (you are) working, you must pay attention.上班时，你必须全神贯注。2不定式省略，单独使用不定式符号to。(1)常在be afraid, be glad, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等的后边省略动词不定式后面的内容，只保留to。Will you join in the game?你愿意一起做游戏吗？Id be glad to.我很乐意。(2)如果不定
11、式中含有be, have, have been，通常保留be, have和have been。Are you a sailor?你是一名海员吗？No, but I used to be.不，但我过去是。感叹句感叹句常用来表示惊叹、赞美等的语气。感叹句常用于以下四个句型： 1Whata/anadj.单数可数名词(主语谓语)! 2Whatadj.复数可数名词/不可数名词(主语谓语)! 3Howadj./adv.(主语谓语)!4Howadj.a/an单数可数名词(主语谓语)!What smart boys (they are)!这些孩子多聪明啊！How amusing the story is！Ho
12、w amusing a story it is!这个故事太有趣了！祈使句、反意疑问句及其他1祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you，但往往省略。祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加dont，也可用副词never构成。祈使句的强调形式可以在句首加do。祈使句的常见句型： (1)祈使句and陈述句“如果就”(2)祈使句or/or else/otherwise陈述句“否则”(3)名词词组(多含有more，another)and陈述句“如果再就”One more day, and Ill get everything ready.再多给我一天， 我就会把一
13、切准备好。2附加在陈述句(有时在祈使句)后面的一个简短的问句，叫反意疑问句。当说话人对陈述句的内容有怀疑或没有把握，想进一步得到证实，常常使用这样一个问句。本着“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，附加问句部分的动词以及主语取决于陈述句。You will stay here, wont you?你要待在这里，不是吗？3There.结构(1)There be/stand(s)/lie(s).有(2)There is no possibility that.没有可能性(3)There is no sense of doing sth做没有意义(4)There seem(s) to be.看起来似乎(5)T
14、here is no need to do sth做某事没有必要.单句语法填空 1Between rows of trees stands(stand) a new building, which is supposed to be our new library and electronic reading room.解析句意：一排排树木之间矗立着一座新建筑，这应该是我们的新图书馆和电子阅览室。本句是一个倒装句，主语是a new building，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。2You can never be careful enough when taking(take) an exa
15、m. 解析句意：考试时你越仔细越好。本句含有一个省略结构：when taking an examwhen you are taking an exam。3So sweet did her voice sound on the phone that I could hardly recognize it. 解析句意：她的声音在电话里很甜，我几乎听不出来了。that跟前面的so构成so.that.句型。4Youd better ignore him completely; the more attention you give him, the prouder(proud) he is. 解析句意
16、：你最好完全不理他。你越是注意他，他就越得意。“the比较级，the比较级”意为“越越”。5Lets appeal to the publiclive(live) green to save our living planet. A small step can make a big change.解析句意：让我们呼吁公众绿色生活，拯救我们生活的星球。一小步能带来大变化。public后是一个破折号，表明其后是一个呼吁，则为一个祈使句，故用动词原形。6In my opinion, achieving what you set out to do isnt so important. It is
17、joy in the journey that truly matters.解析句意：在我看来，实现你要做的事情并不是那么重要。重要的是过程要快乐。这是一个强调句，用It is/was.that.结构。7Where did you meet him for the first time?Maybe it is in the museum where we listened to the lecture that we got to know each other.解析句意：你在哪里第一次见到他？也许是在我们听讲座的那个博物馆里，正是在那里我们认识了彼此。museum后跟的是一个定语从句，且引导
18、词在从句中代替museum作地点状语。lecture后跟的才是that引导的强调句。8English has large vocabulary, doesnt it?Yes, know(know) more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.解析句意：英语有大量的词汇，不是吗？是的，知道更多的单词和词组，你会发现阅读和交流更容易。本句是“祈使句and you will.”句式，前半句是一个祈使句，应用动词原形开头。9All other factors being(be) equal
19、, would you prefer a man or a woman to be head of your business? 解析句意：所有其他因素同等的情况下，你是喜欢男士还是女士做你的业务领导？ 句中有一个逗号，前半部分是一个独立结构，等同于when all other factors are equal。10I really dont know where it was that he bought the cell phone.解析句意：我真的不知道他是在哪里买的手机。此处是强调句，根据后面句子的时态可知此处要用一般过去时。11It was not until he came to
20、 China that he knew what kind of a country she was.解析句意：直到他来到中国，他才知道中国是个怎样的国家。此处是强调句，强调的是句子的状语部分。12It was believed by the ancient Egyptians that intellect was to the mind what sight was to the body. 解析句意：古埃及人认为智慧对于心灵犹如视觉对于身体。这是一个表示类比的特殊句型，即A is to B what C is to D，表示前后的东西同样重要。13It was in this very l
21、ab that was in the charge of John that they did the experiment.解析句意：他们正是在这个由约翰负责的实验室里做的实验。此处的强调句强调的部分含有一个定语从句修饰this very lab。14My room gets very cold at night.So does mine.解析句意：我的房间在晚上会变得很冷。我的也是。第二句是so引导的倒装句，根据上句的谓语动词的时态推出此处用does。15I dont think I can walk any further.Neither/Nor can I.解析句意：我想我再也走不动了
22、。我也是。因为上句是否定句，所以此处用否定词neither/nor。16He is a math teacher but he likes English.Its the same with his sister.解析句意：他是一名数学老师但他喜欢英语。他的妹妹也是这样。因为上句有两个不同类型的谓语动词，故用“its the same with.”结构。same with多用于对两种情况的比较，而same as多用于对两个单独事物的比较。17Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to my program. Joining(join) me this evening is
23、 Dr Gray.解析句意：女士们，先生们，欢迎来到我的节目。今晚加入我节目的是格雷博士。本句是分词置于句首的一种倒装，陈述句式应是This evening Dr Gray is joining me。18Such great progress had he made that he was praised.解析句意：他取得了如此大的进步因此受到了表扬。此处结构为such.that.句式的完全倒装表强调。中心词为不可数名词，故用such引导。19Have you been to the Great Wall? Perhaps not in my memory. If ever,_it migh
24、t have been during my early childhood.解析句意：你去过长城吗？也许在我的记忆中没有去过。如果曾经去过了的话，那可能是在我童年的时候。if ever是一个省略句，意即if I have ever been to the Great Wall。20Not only will help be given(give) to the disabled to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for those who need it.解析句意：我们不仅要给残疾人提供就业帮助，也要给那些需要的
25、人提供药物治疗。此处的倒装部分中的help与give是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。.单句改错1No sooner had we reached the top of the hill we sat down to take a rest.解析句意：我们一到达山顶就坐下来休息了。no sooner.than.一就，为固定搭配。no sooner放在句首，其后的句子用倒装结构。2Not only he forced to stay home, but also he had to do his homework.解析句意：他不仅被迫待在家里还不得不做他的家庭作业。not only放在句首，其后
26、的句子用倒装结构，并且此处根据句意应该用被动形式。3. on the wall was a famous painting, which had been handed down for generations. 解析句意：一幅世代相传的名画正挂在墙上。此句是倒装句，应为主动形式，故用hanging表示过去正在进行的状态。4Little did he care about his own safety, he was in great danger himself.解析句意：尽管他自己深陷危险，但他并不关心自己的安全。此句中的让步状语从句为陈述句式，故用though。5It was who w
27、ent to the cinema with me yesterday.解析句意：昨天和我去电影院的正是他们。此句是强调句。强调的是主语，因此要用主格形式。6When about whether I wanted to go for a picnic, I exclaimed “there cant be a better idea”. 解析句意：当被问及我是否想去野餐时，我惊呼道：“这再好不过了！”此处时间状语从句为省略句。根据后半句的含义，对于“我”来说是“我”被问到的意思，故省略I was，用过去分词。7After that we never saw her again. Nor we
28、hear from her.解析句意：在那之后我们再也没见过对方，也没有收到过对方的来信。连词Nor衔接两个并列句。根据前半句的时态，可以推出后半句的时态应该为一般过去时。8Youd better work out more.Sometimes I. I had a walk after supper yesterday and Ill go to the gym tonight.解析句意：你最好多出门运动。有时我是这样啊。我昨天晚饭后散步，今晚去健身房。work out表示“锻炼身体；做运动”。此处是sometimes I work out的省略形式。由sometimes可知是一个经常性的行
29、为，故用一般现在时。 9Drinking a little wine is good for our health. However, wine can also damage the liver and do great harm if /is consumed in large quantities.解析句意：喝一点儿酒对我们的身体健康有好处。然而， 如果过量地饮酒，会有损肝脏并造成较大的伤害。if后可用省略句，也可以不省略，如果省略，应将从句中的主语和be动词一起省略。10I have been living in the United States for 20 years, but
30、seldom I felt so lonely as now.解析句意：我在美国生活了20年，但是很少像现在这样感到如此孤独。否定词seldom置于句首，句子要部分倒装，再根据前面的have been living可知，此处应用现在完成时。11She fled Romania for Germany in 1987, after prohibited from publishing in her country, and it was then that she was fully discovered by the literary world. 解析句意：1987年，被禁止在本国出书后，她从罗马尼亚逃到德国。也正是在那时，她才真正引起了文学界的注意。并非所有的状语从句都可以省略主语和be动词，before/after/because作连词引导状语从句不可省略主语和be动词；而before/after/because of作介词在句中作状语应使用介宾结构，介词后的动词应使用v.ing形式。12Only by developing the economy greatly we satisfy peoples increasing material and cultural demand.解析句意：只有大力发展经济，才能满足人民日益增长的物质文化需求。“on
