届一轮复习人教版选修8Unit 3Inventors and inventions单元学案设计21页解析版.docx

届一轮复习人教版选修8Unit 3Inventors and inventions单元学案设计21页解析版.docx

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届一轮复习人教版选修8Unit3Inventorsandinventions单元学案设计21页解析版

2019届一轮复习人教版选修8Unit3Inventorsandinventions单元学案设计

【课前预习】

Ⅰ.情景默写

1.BookCrossingprovidesanidentification（身份证明）numbertostickinsidethebook.（2016·全国卷Ⅱ）

2.Whatcriteria（标准）areusedforassessingastudent’sability?

3.Understandingtheinstructionsrequiresaninthgradereadingcompetence（本领）.

4.Pleasegivehimlotsofloveinsteadofhighexpectations（期望）；otherwisehewillbeloadedwithgreatpressure.

5.Thatgirltapped（轻敲）herfingersonthedeskimpatiently.

6.Heseized（抓）herbythearmallofasudden.

7.Icheckedthefilesandsomeofthepaperswereout__of__order（安排不当）.Youhadbettersortthemout.

8.Whenyouwereout，Johnrangup，andhewantedyoutoring__him__back（给他回电话）.

9.Isawhimdive__into（跳入）therivertosaveadrowningchild.

10.Hewenttoseehisgrandmothernow__and__then（时不时地）.

11.Yourlettercalls__up（使想起）thedayswhenweworkedtogetheronthefarmsfifteenyearsago.

12.Havingmadeupforhismind，heset__about（开始）carryingouttheplan.

13.It’stheloveandresponsibilitythathavedrivenhimtoget__through（度过）manyhardshipsandsurvive.

14.Ifyouhang__on（稍等）forawhile，IwillgoandseeifIcanfindyourmother.

Ⅱ.词性转换

1.Hetookmeasurestomakeupforhisfault，whichreceivedourrecognition（recognize）.

2.Yoursuggestionsoundsreasonableandpractical（practice）.Ithinkitdeservestobediscussedatthenextmeeting.

3.Whentheiceisheatedabovefreezing（freeze）point，itbeginstochangeintoaliquidstate.

4.Thebuscametoanabrupt（abruptly）stop，makingmanypassengersfallofftheirseats.

5.YoucanvisitProfessorLiwhenitisconvenient；thatis，athisconvenience.Hishouseisconvenientlynearthebusstop.（convenient）

6.Heisacautiousmanandisalwaysdoingthingswithcaution.Youshouldgetonwithhimcautiously.（caution）

7.Thecommandershowedmercytotheprisonersofwarandtheyweretreatedmercifully.（mercy）

8.Heisinaverymerrymoodtodayandwecouldhearhimsinginganddancingmerrily（merry）.

9.Inwesterncountries，thenumber“thirteen”isusuallyassociatedwithbadluck，butactuallythereisn’tanyassociationbetweenthem.（associate）

1.句型公式：

Thereseemed/seems/seemtobe...

似乎有更好的办法来解决边界争端。

There__seemed__to__be__a__better__way__to__solve__the__border__dispute.

2.句型公式：

only＋介词短语放于句首的倒装句

只有努力工作我们才能成功。

Only__by__working__hard__can__we__succeed.

3.句型公式：

nor＋助动词＋主语

汤姆不紧张，玛丽也不紧张。

Tom__isn’t__nervous，nor__is__Mary.

4.句型公式：

everytime引导时间状语从句

每次我们停下来，每个人都会盯着我看。

Every__time__we__stopped，everybodywouldstareatme.

5.句型公式：

祈使句＋and＋陈述句

努力学习，你终有一天会成功。

Work__hard，and__you’ll__succeed__in__time.

6.句型公式：

notuntil的强调句

直到第二天，我才明白事情的真相。

It__was__not__until__the__next__day__that__I__learned__the__truth.

【课内过关】第一板块

重点单词

1.distinguishvt.&vi.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别

高考必刷题练透

单句语法填空/微写作

①Itisthesuperiorintelligenceandtheuseoflanguagethatdistinguishmanfromtheotheranimals.

②AsfarasIknow，shehasalreadydistinguishedherselfasanathlete.

③Honestlyspeaking，Iadmireyourdistinguished（distinguish）achievements.

④阅读好书既能丰富我们的知识又能教我们分辨是非。

Reading__good__books__enriches__our__mind__and__teaches__us__to__distinguishbetween__right__and__wrong.

状元笔记全记牢

（1）distinguishbetween...and...　区分/辨别……和……

distinguish...from...使……有别于……

distinguishoneself（as...）（作为……）表现突出

（2）distinguishedadj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的

bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名

（3）distinguishableadj.易分辨的；能区分的

2.bearvt.（bore，borne）忍受；忍耐；负担；生育

高考必刷题练透

写出下列句中bear的含义/微写作

①WhydoIhavetobearallthecostsofrepair？

负担

②Shehasalreadyborneseveralchildren.生育

③Ican’tbearhavingpetdogsinthehouse.忍耐

④我们应该牢记成功源于勤奋，懒惰导致失败。

We__should__bear/keep__in__mind__thatsuccesscomesfromhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.

状元笔记全记牢

（1）can’tbeardoing/todosth不能忍受做某事

can’tbearsb/sb’sdoing不能忍受某人做某事

（2）bearaheavyburden肩负重担

bearresponsibility/theblame承担责任/受责备

（3）bear/keepsthinmind记住……

bear/keepinmindthat...记住……

3.associatevt.联想；联系

高考必刷题练透

单句语法填空/句型转换

①Writedownallthewordsassociatedwithcandles.

②Readerswillassociatethemselves（they）closelywithwhathappensinthenewsstoriesandsharesimilarfeelingswiththoseinvolved.（2015·江苏卷）

③Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhichareassociatedwithsmoking.

→Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsassociatedwithsmoking.（使用分词作定语）

→Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsinassociationwithsmoking.（使用介词短语作定语）

状元笔记全记牢

（1）associate...with...把……和……联系在一起

beassociatedwith...和……有关

associatewithsb与某人交往或打交道

（2）associationn.联合；联想；交往；协会；团体

inassociationwith...与……合伙/有关系

第二板块

核心短语

1.callup给……打电话；使想起

高考必刷题练透

介、副词填空/微写作

①Icalledupmymothertoaskifshewantedtolivewithusinthecity.

②TheMinistryofEducationcallson/uponstudentstoexerciseforanhoureveryday.

③Thegamewascalledoffbecauseofthebadweather.

④Canyouhangon？

I’llseeifhe’shere.

⑤BeforeIcouldgetin，sherangoff，andIhadtoringbacklater.

⑥那张照片唤起我对童年的幸福的记忆。

That__picture__called__up__the__happy__memories__of__my__childhood.

状元笔记全记牢

callat　拜访（某个地点）

calloff取消；停止

callon/upon拜访（某人）；号召；需求

callfor（公开）要求；呼吁；需要；去接（某人）

callin召来；请来

【点津】　与“打电话”有关的短语还有：

①ringup给……打电话　②ring/callback回复电话

③ringoff挂断电话④hang/holdon挂断电话

⑤givesbaring/call给某人打电话

2.getthrough设法联系上（尤指打通电话）；（设法）做完；通过；度过；用完；耗尽

高考必刷题练透

写出下列句中getthrough的含义

①Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.（设法）做完

②Icouldn’tgetthroughtohimbecausehistelephonewasoutofordernowandthen.设法联系上

③Luckily，thegapinthefencewasjustwideenoughforthesheeptogetthrough.通过

④Thelittleboygotthroughallhismoneyinjustoneweekandhadtoaskhismomforsomemore.用完

状元笔记全记牢

get（sth）across（tosb）使（某事）被（某人）理解

getalongwithsb与某人相处；进展

getawaywithsth携带某物潜逃；不因某事受惩罚

getdownto（doing）sth开始做某事；认真处理某事

getover爬过……；克服（困难）；从……中恢复过来

第三板块

经典句式

Follow__it__up，explore__all__around__it，andbeforeyouknowit，youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.

跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。

高考必刷题练透

单句语法填空/句型转换

①Followyourdoctor’sadvice，andyouwillgetbettersoon.

②Breakawayfromsmoking，or/or__else/otherwiseyoumaydieoflungcancer.

③Ifyoucomeintime，youwillseeyourfavoritestar.

→Come__in__time__and__you__will__see__your__favorite__star.（and）

→Come__in__time__or__you__will__not__see__your__favorite__star.（or）

状元笔记全记牢

这是一个“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式。

（1）“祈使句＋破折号＋陈述句”；

（2）“名词词组＋and＋陈述句”（名词词组中通常含有more，another，further，earlier等词）；

（3）“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”or表示“否则；要不然的话”，or可用orelse或otherwise替换。

【课后检测】

Ⅰ.课文语法填空

Whenthewritercalleduphermotherinthecountryside1.onthephone，shelearnedthatsnakescameneartheirhouseandthatthesnakesseemed2.to__have__made（make）theirhomeneartheirhouse.Thewriterfeltproudand3.considered（consider）itachanceforhertodistinguishherselfbyinventingsomething4.merciful（mercy）thatwouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem.Shesetabout5.researching（research）thehabitsofsnakes.Shedecidedtocoolthemsothattheycouldbeeasilycaught.6.However，herfirsttwoplanswerenotsuccessful.As7.aresult，shehadtoattempta8.third（three）time，whichhelpedherfulfillheraim9.successfully（success）.Shewassodelightedthatshe10.was__determined（determine）tosendherinventiontothepatentofficetogetrecognitionforhersuccessfulidea.

Ⅱ.课文短文改错

AlexanderGrahamBellbornin1847inScotland.Whenhewasyoung，hisfamilymovestoBoston，USA.Hismotherwasalmostentiredeaf.Afterthat，hebecameinterestedinhelpdeafpeoplecommunicateandindeafeducation.Hefoundthatbypressinghislipsagainsthismother’sforehead，hecouldmakethebonesmoveinsoawaythatshecouldunderstandthathewassaying.Itwasthisexploringaroundproblemswhichledtohisinventions.What’smore，hewasinthetruthacontinuingsearcher.Iimprovedthequalityofeverybody’slifebyfindingmuchpracticalsolutions.

答案

AlexanderGrahamBell

bornin1847inScotland.Whenhewasyoung，hisfamily

toBoston，USA.Hismotherwasalmost

deaf.Afterthat，hebecameinterestedin

deafpeoplecommunicateandindeafeducation.Hefoundthatbypressinghislipsagainsthismother’sforehead，hecouldmakethebonesmovein

awaythatshecouldunderstand

hewassaying.Itwasthisexploringaroundproblems

ledtohisinventions.What’smore，hewasin

truthacontinuingsearcher.

improvedthequalityofeverybody’slifebyfinding

practicalsolutions.

Ⅲ.单元要点微写作

根据下面提示写一篇60词左右的短文介绍自己申请志愿者的过程。

我和其他人的不同之处在于我积极参加各项活动。

自从我得知这个消息，我就着手申请成为一名志愿者。

志愿者工作对我来说是很合适的，我一定会把这项工作做好。

如果您能接受我的申请，并给我回电话，我将不胜感激。

【参考范文】

WhatdistinguishesmefromothersisthatItakeanactivepartinallkindsofactivities；therefore，IhavesetaboutapplyingtobeavolunteersinceIlearnedtheinformation.ThevoluntaryworkisconvenientformeandIamboundtodothejobwell.Iwillbegratefulifyoucanconsideracceptingmeandcallingmeup.

【综合知识运用】

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Thehistoryofvacuumcleaners（真空吸尘器）intheUKdatesbacktotheearly1900s.HubertCecilBoothstartedthefirstvacuumcleanercompanyintheUK，knownastheBritishVacuumCleanerCompany.Itwasn’tlong，however，beforeWilliamHenryHoover，whohadalreadyexperiencedsuccesswithhisvacuumcleanersinAmerica，madeheadwayinthevacuumcleanermarketintheUKandbecamemoresuccessfulthanBooth.

Hoover’svacuumcleanersintheUKbecamesuchasuccessthat‘tohoover’quicklybecameequaltovacuuming.SomeoftheearliestdomesticvacuumcleanersintheUKusedsimplereusableclothbagdesignswherebythevacuumcleanersimplycollecteddustinthebag.Oncethebagwasfull，youcouldemptyandreattachittothevacuumcleaner.

Fordecadesaftertheirintroduction，vacu