iso13406检测标准英文版.docx
- 文档编号:9969363
- 上传时间:2023-02-07
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:9
- 大小:18.70KB
iso13406检测标准英文版.docx
《iso13406检测标准英文版.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《iso13406检测标准英文版.docx(9页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
iso13406检测标准英文版
iso13406_检测标准英文版
Quality,notprice,isthemainpoint
Europeans,andparticularlyGermans,aregenerallysaidtohaveastrongaffinityforstandards,guidelinesandregulations.Attimestheyevencomeinforsometeasingbecauseofthis.ButwerewouldtheITindustrybewithoutbindingguidelinessuchas,forexample,MPR,TCO,ISOTUVetc.,regulatingqualityandergonomicstandardsofCRTmonitorsforyears?
Sofar,LCDwastheexceptiontothestandardizationtrend,sincetechnologywaspersuasiveduetotheirergonomic,environmentallyfriendlyqualities.InthiswaytheydistinguishedthemselvesfromCRTmonitors.Butnow,standardizationcommitteeshavebeguntorespondtothepressurefromindustry,whichhadrecognizedthatreliableparametersformakingqualitydistinctionswereintheinterestsofindustry,andbegandemandingthem.AsfromSpring2001,whentheISOstandard13406-2wasadaptedforLCD,LCDdisplaysareabletoobtainaspecialISOtestingcertificate.
Viewingangle
TheimagequalityofTFTmonitorsisnotconsistentlygoodfromeveryperspective.Ingeneral,onecansaythatthequalityisbetterthemoreoneapproachalineofsightthatisverticaltothemonitorsurface.YoucanevaluatethequalityofaTFTmonitor,interalias,fromtheevennessofitsbrightness,contrastorcolorwhenviewingthescreenfromarangeofvariousviewingangles.Thesequalitiescanvarywhenviewedfromvariousviewingangles,astheyrelatetothefocalpointofview.
TheISO13406-2standardprovidesfromourclassesofviewinganglesthatrepresentreal-lifeusingsituations.
ClassI-
Thispermitsseveraluserstoviewtheentiredisplayareaatthesametime.Thisappliesbothforintendedviewingdistance(between40and60cm,dependingonthesizeandresolutionofthemonitor)andforaviewinganglewithinan80conewithoutanyrestrictionofvisualefficiency.
ClassII–
Permitsasingleusertoviewtheentireareaofthedisplay.Thisappliesforintendedviewingdistance(between40and60cm,dependingonthesizeandresolutionofthemonitor)fromeverypositioninfrontofthescreen,insuchawaythatregularityofinformation(brightness,contrast,colors)ismaintained.
ClassIII–
Permitsasingleviewertoviewtheentireareaofthedisplay.Thisappliesforintendedviewingdistance(between40and60cm,dependingonthesizeandresolutionofthemonitor)fromonefixedposition,insuchawaythatregularityofinformation(brightness,contrast,colors)ismaintained.
ClassIV–
Permitsasingleusertoviewthecenterofthescreen.Thisappliesforintendedviewingdistance(between40and60cm,dependingonthesizeandresolutionofthemonitor)fromonefixedposition,insuchawaythatregularityofinformation(brightness,contrast,colors)ismaintained.
Pixelfaults
A15-inchLCDmonitorconsistsof1024x768pixels,eachofwhichcontainsthreesubpixels.Onetransistorregulatesthecolorofeachsubpixel(onetransistorpersubpixel!
).Ifoneofthesetransistorsfails,thepixelcaneitherappearpermanentlyblackorwhiteordisplaythewrongcolor.Duetomanufacturingissues,errorscanariseonthepanels(theactualpictureelements)ofTFTmonitors,Dependingonwhatkindoffaultispresent,andtheimagecanbedistortedtoagreaterorlesserdegree.Ablinkingpixel,forexample,ismoreofanirritantthanaconstantlyilluminatedredone.Aclusterofdefectivepixelsinasmallareaismoreapparentthanifthefaultsaredistributedovertheentirepanel.
Dependingonhowmanydefectssuchastheseoccurinapanel,onecancategorizeTFTmonitorsintofourpixelfaultclasses.
Nopixelfaults–
Thepixelmatrixisregular.Therearenogapsordefectivepixels.
TypeImalfunction–
Acompletepixelisconstantlyilluminated.Theresultisaconstantlywhitepoint.
Toleranceper1millionpixels:
ClassI:
0
ClassII:
2
ClassIII:
5
ClassIV:
50
TypeIImalfunction–
Acompletepixelisnotilluminatedatall.Theresultisaconstantlydarkpoint.
Toleranceper1millionpixels:
ClassI:
0
ClassII:
2
ClassIII:
15
ClassIV:
150
TypeIIImalfunction–
Oneortwosubpixels(red,greenorblue)arepermanentlyswitchedonoroff.Thisresultsinapixelinoneofthebasiccolors(red,green,blue,cyan,magenta,yellow)–herecyan.Ablinkingpixelcanalsooccur.
Toleranceper1millionpixels:
ClassI:
0
ClassII:
5
ClassIII:
50
ClassIV:
500
FaultclusterI–
ThereareseveralTypeIorIImalfunctionsinafieldof5x5pixels.
Toleranceper1millionpixels:
ClassI:
0
ClassII:
0
ClassIII:
0
ClassIV:
5
FaultclusterII–
ThereareseveralTypeIIImalfunctionsina5x5pixelarea.
Toleranceper1millionpixels:
ClassI:
0
ClassII:
2
ClassIII:
5
ClassIV:
50
Clusterdefinition
ClusterisdefinedastwoormoreTypeIIIdefectswithin5*5pixelmatrix.
Aimistominimizenumberofclusters,whencountingdefects.
IndividualTypeIIIdefectscanbedoubleortriplecounted,whencountingclusters.
Luminanceandbrightnessdistribution
WithLCDmonitors,luminanceofthescreensurfaceisachievedbybacklighting.Athinfoilcoveringtheentiredisplaybackgrounddistributesthelightofanumberoflightelementssituatedattheedgesofthedisplayovertheentiredisplayarea.
Luminanceisameasureforthelightemittedfromthemonitor.Becauseoftheirbacklighting,LCDmonitorsexhibitluminanceofover200cd/m2andthusagreaterdegreeofluminanceoverallascomparedwithCRTmonitors.
Furthermore,theevennessofbrightnessdistributionisimportantforthequalityofimagegeneration.IrregularitiescanresultinparticularfromimproperorimpreciseoftheLCDmonitoralsofromlowerqualitylightingsystems.
Sincethehumaneyeperceivescolorsinrelationtotheirbrightness,irregularitiesinthedistributionofbrightnesswillalsoleadtodeficienciesinthedisplayofcolor.
Flicker
Fontanalysis
Thecharactersmustbeclearandsharp.Theremustnotbeanydistractingirregularitiesasregardsthecharactersandsurfacesofequalluminance.
Reflections
ThereflectioncharacteristicsofanLCDscreenareofparticularimportanceinverybrightambientconditionsorinthevicinityofmultiplelightsources,asacceptabledisplayqualityisrequiredhereaswell.Thestandardprovidesforthreequalityclasses:
Appropriateforgeneralofficeconditionswithoutspecialrequirementsastoworkplacelighting.
Appropriateformostofficeconditions,withfewexceptions.
Appropriateforofficeconditionswithcontrolledluminance,i.e.theworkstationissubjecttospeciallightingrequirements.
Contrast
Contrastistheratiobetweentheindividualtonesofbrightnessinthepicture.PicturecontrastisofcrucialimportanceforthequalityofaTFTmonitor.Thismeansthat–dependingonthequalityofthemonitorandambientlightconditions,theperceptualdifferencebetweenpictureareaswhichareverydark–evenblackinthemostextremecases–andverybrightones–evenwhiteinthemostextremecases–canbeverygreatorveryslight.
ISOstandard13406-2measuresthecontrastofamonitorunderthreedifferentambientconditions:
inabsolutedarkness,underofficeconditionsandunderconditionsofdaylight.
Darkroom(<51x)
Inabsolutedarkness,displaycontrastisatitsgreatest.Thevaluesachievedhereare,however,notnormallyapplicableineverydayconditions.
Officeconditions(293lx)
Displaycontrastisalreadysomewhatreducedduetothebrighterambientlighting.Thismeasuringparameterapproximatesmostcloselytheconditionsataworkstation.
Daylight(>5000lx)
Inbrightdaylightoutside,displaycontrastisstronglyreduced.Thecontrastratioisonlyafractionofthatobservedinthedarkroom.Thismeasurementislargelyirrelevanttoworkinsidebuildings.
ISO13406Part2–TheNewStandardforLCDbringsTransparencytotheDisplayMarket
ISO13406Part2,introducedatthebeginningofthisyear,aspartoftheTUVergonomictesting,istheansweroftheInternationalOrganizationofStandardization(ISO)totheincreaseddemandforliquidcrystaldisplays.ThenewstandarddealswithergonomicrequirementsspecifictoLCDtechnology.Sofar,onlyISO9241Parts3,7,and8havesetstandardsforvisualdisplayterminals,buttheywereinitiallydevelopedforCathodeRayTube(CRT)monitorsanddidnottakealloftheLCDcharacteristicsintoaccount.
ThekeyqualityissuescoveredbythenewstandardISO13406Part2aretherefore:
-Displayluminance
-Contrast
-Colorreproduction
-Luminanceandcoloruniformity
-Fontanalysis
-Flicker
-Reflection
-Pixeldefects
Theabove-mentionedpropertiesareevaluatedandtheresultstranslatedintothethreecategoriesexplainedbelow.ThesecategoriesareexplicitlystatedontheISOcertificateissuedforthemonitorinquestion.
ViewingAngles
OneofthecharacteristicsspecifictoLCDisthefactthatthequalityofthedisplayedimagedependsontheviewingangle.Apartfromthedisplayquality,luminance,colorreproduction,andcontrasthavetobetakenintoconsideration.TheISO13406Part2standardspecifiesmeasurementvaluesforergonomicdesignandqualityrequirementsinordertoevaluatetheperformanceofanLCDmonitorfromdifferentviewingangles.ClassesfromItoIVdescribethemainuseforwhichamonitorhasbeendesigned.Forexample,aclassIVmonitoristobeusedbyasinglepersonsittingrightinfrontofthescreen.ClassImonitorsaredesignedforanumberofpeopleviewingfromdifferentanglesatthesametime.
Viewingangleclassificationprovidesperformanceassessmenttypeofapplication
ClassI:
Forparallelviewingbyseveralusers
ClassII:
Adequatefor1user
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- iso13406 检测 标准 英文