高考英语专题5年高考3年模拟十二猜测词义试题1.docx
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高考英语专题5年高考3年模拟十二猜测词义试题1.docx
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高考英语专题5年高考3年模拟十二猜测词义试题1
专题十二 猜测词义
探考情悟真题
【考情探究】
猜测词义
考频统计
考卷
年份
课标全国Ⅰ
课标全国Ⅱ
课标全国Ⅲ
2019
第25题
第21题,第25题
第26题
2018
第29题
第26题
第32题
2017
第33题
第26题
第29题
2016
第29题
第27题,第30题
第26题,第30题
2015
第31题
第22题
——
考点
内容
要求学生能够读懂书籍、报纸、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息,根据上下文推断生词的词义。
分析解读
猜测词义题旨在考查学生根据上下文推测生词、短语或句意的能力,突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。
它不仅涉及学生的语言水平,还涉及学生的语言应用能力和综合素质等方面。
猜测词义题虽不是阅读测试的重点,但也是常考题目,是对学生多方面综合能力的考查。
因此,今后的高考中这类试题也将保持平稳趋势,而且试题增加了对短语、句意的猜测的考查。
近几年猜测词义题难度略有增加,需在较为复杂的句式中通过上下文综合分析才能得出答案 。
【五年高考】
A组 统一命题·课标卷题组
Passage1(2019课标全国Ⅰ,B)词数:
329
ForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.
Buthe’snervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould...should...”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“...Votefor...me...”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.
Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstartedlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.
LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent,”Whaleyexplains,“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idon’tknow,butIwanttoknow.’”
Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.
“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”
1.WhatmadeChrisnervous?
A.Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.
C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto?
A.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.
C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.
3.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto .
A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengths
B.assessstudents’publicspeakingskills
C.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobs
D.inspirestudents’loveforpolitics
4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?
A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.
答案
1.B
2.A
3.A
4.C
Passage2(2019课标全国Ⅱ,A)词数:
264
MyFavouriteBooks
JoUsmarisawriterforCosmopolitanandco-authoroftheThisBookWillseries(系列)oflifestylebooks.Hereshepickshertopreads.
Matilda
RoaldDahl
IoncewroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytalesonRoaldDahl’swritinganditgavemeanewappreciationforhisstrangeanddelightfulworlds.Matilda’sbattleswithhercruelparentsandthebossyheadmistress,MissTrunchbull,areequallyfunnyandfrightening,butthey’realsoaspirational.
AfterDark
HarukiMurakami
It’sabouttwosisters—Eri,amodelwhoeitherwon’torcan’tstopsleeping,andMari,ayoungstudent.Intryingtoconnecttohersister,Maristartschangingherlifeanddiscoversaworldofdiverse“nightpeople”whoarehidingsecrets.
GoneGirl
GillianFlynn
Therewasabitofmethatdidn’twanttolovethiswheneveryoneelseontheplanetdid,butthehorrorstoryisbrilliant.There’stensionandanxietyfromthebeginningasNickandAmybattleforyourtrust.It’sarealwhodunitandthefrustrationwhenyourealisewhat’sgoingonishorriblyenjoyable.
TheStand
StephenKing
Thisisanexcellentfantasynovelfromoneofthebeststorytellersaround.Afteraseriousfluoutbreakwipesout99.4%oftheworld’spopulation,abattleunfoldsbetweengoodandevilamongthoseleft.RandallFlaggisoneofthescariestcharactersever.
1.Whodoes“I”refertointhetext?
A.StephenKing.B.GillianFlynn.
C.JoUsmar.D.RoaldDahl.
2.WhichofthefollowingtellsaboutMariandEri?
A.Cosmopolitan.B.Matilda.
C.AfterDark.D.TheStand.
3.WhatkindofbookisGoneGirl?
A.Afolktale.B.Abiography.
C.Alovestory.D.Ahorrorstory.
答案
1.C
2.C
3.D
Passage3(2019课标全国Ⅱ,B)词数:
338
“Youcanusemeasalastresort(选择),andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids’lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.
Iguessthatthere’sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon...Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I’lldoit.”
I’msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere’srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.
Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:
Connectingtothecommunity(社区)asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.
Inthatsense,I’mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI’dfreelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?
1.Whatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraph1?
A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.
B.Sheisn’tgoodatsports.
C.Shejustdoesn’twanttovolunteer.
D.She’sunabletomeetherschedule.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inparagraph2mean?
A.Encourageteamwork.B.Appealtofeelings.
C.Promotegooddeeds.D.Provideadvice.
3.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromparagraph3?
A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.
B.Sheisproudofherkids.
C.She’llworkforanotherseason.
D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.
4.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork?
A.Itgivesherasenseofduty.
B.Itmakesherveryhappy.
C.Itenableshertoworkhard.
D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.
答案
1.C
2.B
3.D
4.B
Passage4(2018课标全国Ⅰ,C)词数:
294
Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.
Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.
Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.
Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):
noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.
1.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?
A.Theydevelopedveryfast.
B.Theywerelargeinnumber.
C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.
D.Theywerecloselyconnected.
2.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?
A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern.
3.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?
A.About6,800.B.About3,400.
C.About2,400.D.About1,200.
4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?
A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.
B.People’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.
C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.
D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.
答案
1.B
2.C
3.B
4.C
Passage5(2018课标全国Ⅱ,B)词数:
258
ManyofusloveJulybecauseit’sthemonthwhennature’sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia’sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.
Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,
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