医学词缀.docx
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医学词缀.docx
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医学词缀
Suffix
Meaning
Example
-ac
pertaining to
属于,关于
cardiac:
pertaining to the heart
心脏(病)得
-al
pertaining to
medical:
pertaining to medicine
-ar
pertaining to
molecular:
pertaining to a molecule
分子得
-ary
pertaining to
belonging to
ciliary:
pertaining to the cilia
睫毛得,纤毛得,毛状得
-ase
enzyme 酶
amylase:
any enzyme that converts starch to sugar 淀粉酶
-cle
smallness
小,少,贫乏,小气
follicle:
a small bodily cavity or sac
小囊,(头发得)毛囊
-e
an instrument 仪器
auriscope:
an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用得)耳镜
-eal
pertaining to
laryngeal:
pertaining to the larynx
喉得, 喉音得
-ia
condition; quality
phobia:
abnormal fear 恐惧,害怕
-ic
pertaining to
toxic:
pertaining to toxin
有毒得;因中毒引起得
-ics
study of; name of a science
paediatrics:
study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学
-ine/in
substance 物质
insulin:
substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas
胰岛素
-ism
process or condition
alcoholism:
excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒
-ist
one who specializes in
精通于……得人
pharmacologist:
a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家
-itis
inflammation refers to a part in
……部位得炎症
rhinitis:
inflammation of the nasal passages
鼻炎,鼻粘膜炎
-(i)um
relation to a whole; related to
与……相关
endometrium:
inner lining of the uter子宫内膜
-ive
characterizes by
antitussive:
a drug that suppresses coughing
止咳药
-let
tiny; small
droplet:
a tiny drop 小滴
-ment
the result or product of an action
development:
thing which develops or is being developed; action of becoming mature
-oid
resembling; like
像
mucoid:
resembling mucus
粘液样得
-ole
little; small
centriole:
the small dense structure in the middle of the centrosome
细胞中心粒;中心体
-oma
tumor; swelling refers to a doer
dermatofibroma:
fibrous tumor of the skin
皮肤纤维瘤
-or/-er
either a person or thing
receptor:
a sensory nerve ending that responds to various stimuli感受器,受体
-ory
characterized by; pertaining to
suspensory:
which is hanging down
悬吊式,悬带
-ose
sugar
fructose:
fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖
-osis
abnormal condition
onychocryptosis:
abnormal condition of a hidden nail 嵌甲
-ous
pertaining to
poisonous:
pertaining to poison; also containing poison 有毒得,分泌毒素得
-somes
bodies
ribosome:
the body of nucleic acid核糖体
-um
structure; thing; substance
结构,物质
magnesium:
a white metallic chemical substance 镁(金属元素)
-y
condition; act; process
dystrophy:
disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 营养不良
The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes
Suffix
Meaning
Example
-algia
pain; painful; condition
arthralgia:
pain in a joint 关节痛
--ase
enzyme
protease:
digestive enzyme 蛋白酶
-blast
embryo胚,胚胎,人类胚胎
hemocytoblast:
blast cell 血胚细胞,原始血细胞
-carcinoma
malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织得恶性肿瘤
adenocarcinoma:
malignant tumor developing from glandular tissue 腺癌
-cele
protrusion; distention突出;膨胀,延伸
esophagocele:
abnormal distention of the esophagus 食管突出
-centesis
surgical puncture 手术穿孔
paracentesis:
surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术
-capnia
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
acapnia:
absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏
-cide
kill
germicide:
(substance) which can kill germs
杀菌剂
-clast
cell
phagocyte:
cell, especially a white blood cell, which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞
-dynia
pain
glossodynia:
pain in the tongue 舌痛
-ectasia/
-ectasis
expansion; dilation(膨胀,扩张)
atelectasis:
incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不张
-ectomy
surgical excision or removal of
gastrectomy:
surgical removal of the stomach胃切除术
-edema
excessive accumulation of serous fluid 水肿
myxoedema:
condition caused when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病,粘液水肿
-emia
blood condition
leukemia:
any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病
-emesis
vomiting 呕吐
hematemesis:
the vomiting of blood 咯血;吐血
-gen
something that produced or prouduces
pathogen:
a microorganism or agent capable of producing disease 病菌,病原体
-genesis
production 生产
spermatogenesis:
formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes精子发生
-globin
protein蛋白质
hemoglobin:
an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血红素
-gnosis
knowledge
diagnosis:
the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination
-gram
image; picture
electrocardiogram:
a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart disease、
Abbr、 ECG and EKG、 Syn、 cardiogram
心电图
-graph(y)
process of recording
记录过程
electocardiography:
the process of making or recording electrocardiograms、 Syn、 cardiography 心电图记录
-iasis
condition; state
情况,状况
cholelithiasis:
the formation of gallstones 胆石症
-iatry/
-iatrics
healing, frequently refers to a branch of medicine 康复,常指医学得一个分支
podiatry:
treatment of foot disorders
足部医疗
-lith
stone
cholelith:
a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 胆结石
-logy
the study of
cytology:
the science study of cells 细胞学
-logist
one who studies and treats
urologist:
a physician who specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科医生
-lysis
breakdown, destruction
hemolysis:
the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin溶血
-malacia
softening
osteomalacia:
softening of bone 骨软化
-mania
extreme compulsion or preoccupation强迫症
kleptomania:
a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盗窃癖
-megaly
giant
acromegaly:
a condition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大症
-metry/
-meter
measurement
spirometry:
measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)
-odynia
pain
cardiodynia:
pain in the heart region 心痛,胸痛
-one
hormone荷尔蒙,激素
parathormone:
which regulates calcium balance among the blood, bones, and teeth甲状旁腺激素
-opia
a defect in the eye眼睛得毛病
myopia:
being short-sighted 近视
-opsy
to view
biopsy:
excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis活检
-osis
morbid condition病态得
sclerosis:
abnormal hardening 硬化症
-osmia
smell
anosmia:
loss of the sense of smell嗅觉丧失
-ostomy
process of making an opening into or a connection between
造瘘
gastrostomy:
surgical construction of an opening from the surface of the abdomen into the stomach胃造口术
-oxia
level of oxygen氧水平
hypoxia:
a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in body tissues组织缺氧
-pathy
disease; diseased condition
ophthalmopathy:
any eye disease眼病
-penia
deficiency
leukopenia:
deficiency of leukocytes in the blood、 Syn、 leukocytopenia白细胞减少症
-pepsia
digestion
eupepsia:
good digestion 消化良好
--pexy
a fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing 缝合固定
hepatopexy:
surgical fixation of a displace liver肝固定术
-phagia/phagy
eating; swallowing 吃,吞咽
dysphagia:
difficulty in swallowing吞咽困难
-phil
attraction吸引,具有吸引力得事物
basophil:
type of leucocyte or white blood cell which contains granules嗜碱性粒细胞
-phobia
fear
xenophobia:
irrational fear of strangers对外国人得恐惧,憎恶
-plasia
formation; development
hyperplasia:
overdevelopment or enlargement of an organ or tissue增生,数量型肥大
-phonia
voice
dysphonia:
difficulty in speaking发声困难
-plasm
formation; growth or substance of formation
cytoplasm:
jelly substance in the cell细胞浆
-plasty
surgical repair
osteoplasty:
surgical repair of the bone骨整形术,骨成形术
--plegia
stroke; paralysis 中风
thermoplegia:
heat or sunsrtoke热射病
-pnea
breathing
eupnea:
normal breathing呼吸正常,平静呼吸
--ptosis
a falling, the dropping or sagging of an organ器官下移
hepatoptosis:
abnormally low position of the liver肝下垂
-ptysis
spitting分散
melanoptysis:
spitting of the spleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰
-poiesis
production
hemopoiesis:
production of blood cells 造血作用,生血作用
-rrhage/
-rrhagia
bursting forth of blood 出血
menorrhagia:
very heavy bleeding during menstruation 月经过多
-rrhaphy
surgical sewing or suturing
splenorrhaphy:
suture of the spleen脾修补术
-rrhea
overflow
hydrorrhea:
watery discharge液溢
-(o)rrhexis
splitting or rupture 撕裂,破裂,疝气
amniorrhexis:
rupture of the amniotic ac
羊膜破裂
-sarcoma
malignant tumor developing from connective tissue
liposarcoma:
malignant tumor containing fat
脂肪肉瘤
-schesis
a holding back; suppression of discharge阻碍;抑制排放
uroschesis:
suppression of urine闭尿,尿潴留
-sclerosis
a hardening
dermatosclerosis:
hardening of the skin硬皮病
-scope
instrument for viewing
stethoscope:
an instrument for performing medicate ausculation听诊器
-scopy
process of examining visually
hepatoscopy:
examination of the liver 肝检查
-spasm
involuntary contraction
angiospasm:
sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vessel血管痉挛
-stasis
suppression; stoppage; control; arrest抑制,中止
hemostasis:
the arrest of bleeding
止血,止血法
-stenosis
abnormal narrowing of a duct or canal管、道德异常狭窄
laryngostenosis:
abnormal narrowing of the larynx 喉狭窄
-stomy
surgical opening to the outside of the body造口
colostomy:
surgical operation to make an opening from the colon结肠造口术
-tention
pressure
hypertention:
high blood pressure 高血压
-therapy
treatment
physiotherapy:
treatment of disease by physical means物理疗法
--tion
process
hospitalization:
the process of being hosipitalized住院
-tocia
labor; birth 生产
embryotocia:
abortion 流产
-tome
tool for incision
arthrotome:
instrument for cutting a joint关节刀
-tomy
process of cutting into
gastrotomy:
incision of the stomach 胃切开术
-tropia
turning 转弯,变向
esotropia:
turning inward of the eye内斜视
-trophy
nourishment or development of an organ器官得营养、发育
dystrophy:
disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism营养不良
-uria
a condition of the urine(小便)
dysuria:
difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难
-version
turning
eversion:
a turning outward外翻,翻转
Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixes
Prefix
Meaning
Example
a-/an-
without; not
aphasia:
the inability to understand written or spoken words o
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