高考英语一轮复习 Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China练习 外研版必.docx

高考英语一轮复习 Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China练习 外研版必.docx

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高考英语一轮复习Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina练习外研版必

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina练习外研版必修3

Ⅰ.阅读理解

MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinittwice.However,fewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.

BorninSeptember,1897,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuriestwodaughters.Alongwithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.ShefinishedherhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSévignéinParis.

IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepareforadegreeinmathematicsandphysics.WhenWorldWarIbegan,Irenewenttohelphermother,whowasusingXrayfacilities（设备）tohelpsavethelivesofwoundedsoldiers.IrenecontinuedtheworkbydevelopingXrayfacilitiesinmilitaryhospitalsinFranceandBelgium.HerserviceswererecognisedintheformofaMilitaryMedalbytheFrenchgovernment.

In1918，Irenebecamehermother'sassistantattheCurieInstitute.InDecember1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughthimthetechniquesrequiredforhiswork.Theysoonfellinloveandweremarriedin1926.TheirdaughterHelenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyearslater.

Likehermother,Irenebinedfamilyandcareer.Likehermother,IrenewasawardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in1935.Unfortunately,alsolikehermother,shedevelopedleukemiabecauseofherworkwithradioactivity（辐射能）.IreneJoliotCuriediedfromleukemiaonMarch17,1956.

语篇解读：

本文为记叙文。

诺贝尔奖得主MarieCurie众所周知，但她的女儿IreneCurie却鲜为人知，她同样是一位诺贝尔奖获得者。

1．WhywasIreneCurieawardedaMilitaryMedal?

A．Becauseshereceivedadegreeinmathematics.

B．Becauseshecontributedtosavingthewounded.

C．BecauseshewontheNobelPrizewithFrederic.

D．Becausesheworkedasahelpertohermother.

答案：

B　事实细节题。

根据第三段的第二句和第三句可知，IreneCurie帮助母亲用X光设备来救治伤员，在法国和比利时的军事医院中，她仍继续这项工作，并改进了X光设备。

她因此被授予一枚“军事奖章”。

2．WheredidIreneCuriemeetherhusbandFredericJoliot?

A．AttheCurieInstitute.

B．AttheUniversityofParis.

C．Atamilitaryhospital.

D．AttheCollegeofSévigné.

答案：

A　事实细节题。

由倒数第二段可知，1918年，Irene在CurieInstitute成了她妈妈的一名助手，1924年，FredericJoliot也进入了CurieInstitute，两人从此结识。

故两人认识的地点应该为CurieInstitute。

3．WhenwasthesecondchildofIreneCurieandFredericJoliotborn?

A．In1932.B．In1927.

C．In1897.D．In1926.

答案：

A　事实细节题。

根据倒数第二段的最后一句可知，他们的女儿Helene出生于1927年，5年后儿子出生了，即第二个孩子在1932年出生。

4．InwhichofthefollowingaspectswasIreneCuriedifferentfromhermother?

A．Ireneworkedwithradioactivity.

B．Irenebinedfamilyandcareer.

C．IrenewontheNobelPrizeonce.

D．Irenediedfromleukemia.

答案：

C　推理判断题。

由首段可知，MarieCurie获得了两次诺贝尔奖，但根据最后一段可知，IreneCurie只获得了一次诺贝尔奖，这是母女俩的不同之处。

由最后一段可排除选项A、B和D。

B

Asunflowerisasunflower.Amobilephoneisamobilephone.Butcanyoubinethetwotodosomethingforyourlocalenvironment?

Asearlyasnextyearitmaywellbepossible.Whenyouhavefinishedwithyourmobilephoneyouwillbeabletoburyitinthegardenoraplantpotandwaitforittoflower.Abiodegradable（生物可降解的）mobilephonewas,thismonth,introducedbyscientists.Itishopedthatthenewtypeofphonewillencourageconsumerstorecycle.

Scientistshaveeupwithanewmaterialoverthelastfiveyears.Itlookslikeanyotherplasticandcanbehardorsoft,andabletochangeshape.Overtimeitcanalsobreakdownintothesoilwithoutgivingoutanytoxic（有毒的）chemicals.Britishresearchersusedthenewmaterialtodevelopaphonecoverthatcontainsasunflowerseed.Whenthisnewtypeofcoverturnsintowaste,itformsnitrates（硝酸盐）.Thesefeedtheseedandhelptheflowergrow.

Engineershavedesignedasmalltransparent（透明的）windowtoholdtheseed.Theyhavemadesureitonlygrowswhenthephoneisthrownaway.

“We'veonlyputsunflowerseedsintothecoverssofar.Butweareworkingwithplantexpertstofindoutwhichflowerswouldperformbest.Maybewecouldputrosesinnexttime，”saidonescientist.

Asphonetechnologyisdevelopingsoquicklypeopleareconstantly（经常地）throwingtheirmobilesaway.Thismeansmanufacturersareunderpressuretofindwaysofrecyclingthem.

Some650millionmobilephoneshavebeensoldthisyear.Mostofthemwillbethrownawaywithintwoyears,addingplastic,heavymetalandchemicalwastetotheenvironment.Abiodegradablecovercanoffersomerelieffornature,accordingtothescientists.

“Theseedisreleasedandtheflowergrowsinthepotsoyoudon'thavetoconcernyourselfwiththephonewhenyouhavefinishedusingit，”saidKerryKirwan.Sheleadstheresearchteam,whichisbasedattheUniversityofWarwickinBritain.

语篇解读：

本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了科学家计划推出的一种可生物降解的手机。

希望这种新型手机能鼓励消费者进行回收再利用。

5．Afteryouhavefinishedusingthenewtypeofmobilephone,________.

A．thesunflowerseedwilleoutandflowerwhereveryouthrowit

B．thephonecoverwillbreakdowneasilyinthesoilwhichyouburyitin

C．itwillberecycledbythemanufactures

D．itcanrechargeitselfinanenvironmentfriendlyway

答案：

B　细节理解题。

根据第三段第三句“Overtimeitcanalsobreakdownintothesoilwithoutgivingoutanytoxicchemicals.”可知，应选B项。

6．Whichofthefollowingiswrongaboutthecoverofthenewtypeofphone?

A．Itcanprovideusefulfertilizer（肥料）forthesunflowerseedafterthemobilephonebreaksdown.

B．Itlookslikenormalplasticsbutitcanbreakdown.

C．Itcanserveasthestorageforthesunflowerseed.

D．Itmakessuretheseedonlygrowsafterthephoneisthrownaway.

答案：

D　细节理解题。

根据第四段可知选项D是asmalltransparentwindow的功能，而不是thecover的功能。

故选D项。

7．Thistypeofresearchisdonebecause________.

A．thetechnologythatproducesmobilephonesischangingrapidly

B．consumerstendtothrowawaytheirmobilephoneswithintwoyears

C．nobodyhaseverthoughtofrecyclingmobilephones

D．producingmobilephonesusesalotofenergy,sothishasbeeaverybigproblemfortheenvironment

答案：

B　推理判断题。

根据第七段可知，由于手机更新速度快，大多数手机在两年内将被扔掉，这就给环境带来了污染。

为了缓解对自然界造成的污染，科学家们推出了一种可生物降解的手机。

故选B项。

8．Wecaninferfromthestory________.

A．thenewtypeofmobilephoneisalreadyonthemarket

B．thenewtypeofmobilephonewillsellextremelywell

C．recyclingmobilephonesisincreasinglyimportanttothescientists

D．otherflowersmaybeusedinthenewtypeofcellphone

答案：

D　推理判断题。

根据第五段最后一句“Maybewecouldputrosesinnexttime...”可推断，未来也可在手机中放其他花的种子。

故选D项。

Ⅱ.七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Don'tyoujustloveiceskatingeverywinter?

Iamsurethatsincewinterisapproaching,yourskatesaresettoeout,justwaitingtobeused.Impressyourfriendswithanewtrickonhowtoiceskatebackwardswiththehelpofthesetrips.

Standstraight

Thefirstthingthatyouneedtodoisstandstraight.__1__，ifyoufeelthatyouarefallingbackwards.Don'tworry；thishappenstoall.

Confidenceiswhatyouneed

Themostimportantstepwhilelearninghowtoskatebackwardsishavingenoughconfidenceinyourselfandinwhatyouaredoing.Howcanyouachievethis?

Bypractice.Oneoftheimportanticeskatingtipsandtechniquesisthatifyoufeelthatyouarelosingyourbalance,thenscissor（做剪式运动）yourskates.__2__.

Maintainspeed

Tryscullingwithoneskatewhilerollinginastraightlinewiththeother.__3__.Nowbringtheskatewhichyouareusingtoscull,andthenagain,repeatthesameprocess.Makesurethatyouputmostofyourweightontheskatewhichismovingstraightandnottheonewithwhichyouaresculling.Now,trythesamethingusingtheotherfoot.

__4__

Onceyouareconfidentthatyoucanscullwitheitherfoot,thenextthingthatyouhavetodoisincreaseyourspeed.Trysomeofyourowntricksnow.Scullwitheitherfootorwithbothatthesametime.

Scullandbeaware

Whileyoukeeponefootstraight,keepscullingwiththeother.Youcandothatwithbothfeetatthesametime.__5__，butdon'tgetsoinvolvedthatyoudon'tseewhereyouaregoing.Ifyouarenotwatchingyourback,youmightjustbangintosomethingorsomeone.

A．Thatis,keeppushingyourselfbackwardswithanoutwardstroke（滑动）

B．Whilegoingbackwards,justgetusedtothefeelingofmovingbackwards

C．Keeppracticingthistillyouareconfidentaboutit

D．Increaseyourspeednow

E．Onemustbebraveenoughtolearntoiceskatebackwards

F．Concentrateonwhatyouaredoing

G．Justputyourchinupandslightlybendyourknees

语篇解读：

本文为说明文。

介绍滑冰中倒滑的几个技巧。

1．G　由上下文语境及生活常识可知选G。

2．C　语境中的“confidence”“Bypractice”与C中的“practicing”“confident”呼应。

3．A　本句是对上句的进一步解释说明。

4．D　设空处下面段落中的“increaseyourspeed”与D项内容照应。

5．F　根据后面的“butdon'tgetsoinvolvedthatyoucan'tseewhereyouaregoing”可知选F。

Ⅲ.语法填空

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

（xx·河南商丘一模）

Steveisinterviewingthefamousbiographer（传记作家）GarenThomas.

Steve：

Thomas,__1__afamouswriter,wouldyoupleasetellussomethingaboutyourselfandyournewbooks?

Garen：

Ofcourse.

Steve：

Wherewereyouborn?

Garen：

IwasborninChicago,butIspentmostofmychildhoodinNewYork.

Steve：

__2__wasyourchildhoodlike?

Garen：

Ihadprettystrictparents.Theywishedmetobesuccessfulinstudies.SoIthinkmychildhoodwas__3__（bore）andIwasalwaysplainingaboutit.

Steve：

Doyougetalongwell__4__yourparentsnow?

Garen：

Ohsure,Ihavereachedmiddleagenow.SofarI__5__（understand）theirloveforme.

Steve：

Wheredidyougotouniversity?

Garen：

Igraduated__6__YaleUniversitywithadegreeinEnglishLiterature.

Steve：

Howdidyoustartwriting?

Garen：

Ilikewritingfromyoung,__7__itisnoteasyformetoenterthisoccupation.Youknow,Ionceworkedinpanies.Istartedwritingformagazinesandeventually__8__（ask）towritebooks,soI