一步步做raid5+lvm实验.docx

一步步做raid5+lvm实验.docx

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一步步做raid5+lvm实验

一步步做raid5+lvm实验

实验目的：

1。

将sdb，sdc,sdd3块硬盘组成raid5模式

2。

建立LVM

3。

模拟故障，sdc出故障，删除该硬盘，再重新添加硬盘，恢复raid5

4。

增加LVM容量

实验步骤

1，格式化3块硬盘 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# fdisk/dev/sdb //格式化/dev/sdb

DevicecontainsneitheravalidDOSpartitiontable,norSun,SGIorOSFdisklabel 

BuildinganewDOSdisklabel.Changeswillremaininmemoryonly, 

untilyoudecidetowritethem.Afterthat,ofcourse,theprevious 

contentwon'tberecoverable.

Warning:

invalidflag0x0000ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw（rite）

Command（mforhelp）:

 n //增加一个新的分区

Commandaction 

  e  extended 

  p  primarypartition（1-4） 

p //创建主分区

Partitionnumber（1-4）:

 1 //分区号为1

Firstcylinder（1-130,default1）:

 //设置分区大小

Usingdefaultvalue1 

Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK（1-130,default130）:

Usingdefaultvalue130

Command（mforhelp）:

 t   //改变系统的ID

Selectedpartition1 

Hexcode（typeLtolistcodes）:

 fd //设置系统HEX为fd，即raid模式

Changedsystemtypeofpartition1tofd（Linuxraidautodetect）

Command（mforhelp）:

 w //保存

Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!

Callingioctl（）tore-readpartitiontable. 

Syncingdisks. 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# fdisk/dev/sdc //格式化/dev/sdc

DevicecontainsneitheravalidDOSpartitiontable,norSun,SGIorOSFdisklabel 

BuildinganewDOSdisklabel.Changeswillremaininmemoryonly, 

untilyoudecidetowritethem.Afterthat,ofcourse,theprevious 

contentwon'tberecoverable.

Warning:

invalidflag0x0000ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw（rite）

Command（mforhelp）:

 n 

Commandaction 

  e  extended 

  p  primarypartition（1-4） 

p 

Partitionnumber（1-4）:

 1 

Firstcylinder（1-130,default1）:

Usingdefaultvalue1 

Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK（1-130,default130）:

Usingdefaultvalue130

Command（mforhelp）:

 t 

Selectedpartition1 

Hexcode（typeLtolistcodes）:

 fd 

Changedsystemtypeofpartition1tofd（Linuxraidautodetect）

Command（mforhelp）:

 w 

Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!

Callingioctl（）tore-readpartitiontable. 

Syncingdisks. 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# fdisk/dev/sdd  //格式化/dev/sdd

DevicecontainsneitheravalidDOSpartitiontable,norSun,SGIorOSFdisklabel 

BuildinganewDOSdisklabel.Changeswillremaininmemoryonly, 

untilyoudecidetowritethem.Afterthat,ofcourse,theprevious 

contentwon'tberecoverable.

Warning:

invalidflag0x0000ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw（rite）

Command（mforhelp）:

 n 

Commandaction 

  e  extended 

  p  primarypartition（1-4） 

p 

Partitionnumber（1-4）:

 1 

Firstcylinder（1-130,default1）:

Usingdefaultvalue1 

Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK（1-130,default130）:

Usingdefaultvalue130

Command（mforhelp）:

 t 

Selectedpartition1 

Hexcode（typeLtolistcodes）:

 fd 

Changedsystemtypeofpartition1tofd（Linuxraidautodetect）

Command（mforhelp）:

 w 

Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!

Callingioctl（）tore-readpartitiontable. 

Syncingdisks. 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# fdisk-l  //查看分区情况

Disk/dev/sda:

8589MB,8589934592bytes 

255heads,63sectors/track,1044cylinders 

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

  DeviceBoot     Start        End     Blocks  Id System 

/dev/sda1  *          1         13     104391  83 Linux 

/dev/sda2             14        268    2048287+ 83 Linux 

/dev/sda3            269        395    1020127+ 83 Linux 

/dev/sda4            396       1044    5213092+  5 Extended 

/dev/sda5            396        522    1020096  82 Linuxswap/Solaris 

/dev/sda6            523       1044    4192933+ 83 Linux

Disk/dev/sdb:

1073MB,1073741824bytes 

255heads,63sectors/track,130cylinders 

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

  DeviceBoot     Start        End     Blocks  Id System 

/dev/sdb1              1        130    1044193+ fd Linuxraidautodetect

Disk/dev/sdc:

1073MB,1073741824bytes 

255heads,63sectors/track,130cylinders 

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

  DeviceBoot     Start        End     Blocks  Id System 

/dev/sdc1              1        130    1044193+ fd Linuxraidautodetect

Disk/dev/sdd:

1073MB,1073741824bytes 

255heads,63sectors/track,130cylinders 

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

  DeviceBoot     Start        End     Blocks  Id System 

/dev/sdd1              1        130    1044193+ fd Linuxraidautodetect

 建立raid5

[root@RHEL5-1~]# mdadm--create/dev/md0--level=5--raid-device=3/dev/sdb1/d 

ev/sdc1/dev/sdd1  //创建raid5，/dev/md0阵列设备名，level=5阵列模式raid5，raid-device=3raid有3块硬盘

mdadm:

array/dev/md0started. 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# cat/proc/mdstat  //查看数据同步情况

Personalities:

[raid6][raid5][raid4] 

md0:

activeraid5sdd1[3]sdc1[1]sdb1[0] 

     2088192blockslevel5,64kchunk,algorithm2[3/2][UU_] 

     [========>............] recovery=40.0%（419060/1044096）finish=1.4minspeed=7423K/sec 

unuseddevices:

[root@RHEL5-1~]# cat/proc/mdstat   //看到这个说明同步结束

Personalities:

[raid6][raid5][raid4] 

md0:

activeraid5sdd1[2]sdc1[1]sdb1[0] 

     2088192blockslevel5,64kchunk,algorithm2[3/3][UUU] 

unuseddevices:

[root@RHEL5-1~]# tail/var/log/messages  //查看系统日志

Jun 111:

34:

10RHEL5-1kernel:

md:

syncingRAIDarraymd0 

Jun 111:

34:

13RHEL5-1kernel:

md:

minimum_guaranteed_reconstructionspeed:

1000KB/sec/disc. 

Jun 111:

34:

15RHEL5-1kernel:

md:

usingmaximumavailableidleIObandwidth（butnotmorethan200000KB/sec）forreconstruction. 

Jun 111:

34:

19RHEL5-1kernel:

md:

using128kwindow,overatotalof1044096blocks. 

Jun 111:

36:

01RHEL5-1kernel:

md:

md0:

syncdone. 

Jun 111:

36:

01RHEL5-1kernel:

RAID5confprintout:

Jun 111:

36:

01RHEL5-1kernel:

 ---rd:

3wd:

3fd:

0 

Jun 111:

36:

01RHEL5-1kernel:

 disk0,o:

1,dev:

sdb1 

Jun 111:

36:

01RHEL5-1kernel:

 disk1,o:

1,dev:

sdc1 

Jun 111:

36:

01RHEL5-1kernel:

 disk2,o:

1,dev:

sdd1

建立raid5的配置文件

[root@RHEL5-1~]# echodevice/dev/sdb1/dev/sdc1/dev/sdd1>/etc/mdadm.conf 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# mdadm--detail--scan >>/etc/mdadm.conf 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# cat/etc/mdadm.conf 

device/dev/sdb1/dev/sdc1/dev/sdd1 

ARRAY/dev/md0level=raid5num-devices=3UUID=36f261b7:

4899a54c:

9edf36d1:

9eb86529 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# mdadm-S/dev/md0  //停止阵列

mdadm:

stopped/dev/md0 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# mdadm-As/dev/md0  //启动阵列

mdadm:

/dev/md0hasbeenstartedwith3drives.

2建立LVM

[root@RHEL5-1~]# pvcreate/dev/md0 //建立PV

 Physicalvolume"/dev/md0"successfullycreated 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# vgcreatelvm1/dev/md0  //建立VG

 Volumegroup"lvm1"successfullycreated 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# vgdisplay  //查看VG

  ---Volumegroup--- 

 VGName              lvm1 

 SystemID             

 Format               lvm2 

 MetadataAreas       1 

 MetadataSequenceNo 1 

 VGAccess            read/write 

 VGStatus            resizable 

 MAXLV               0 

 CurLV               0 

 OpenLV              0 

 MaxPV               0 

 CurPV               1 

 ActPV               1 

 VGSize              1.99GB 

 PESize              4.00MB 

 TotalPE             509 

 AllocPE/Size      0/0   

 Free PE/Size      509/1.99GB 

 VGUUID              h7d74U-S38z-rQrw-ecGG-ePlg-48b5-87sbC1 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# lvcreate-L500m-nweb1lvm1 //建立LV，名为web1，大小为500M

 Logicalvolume"web1"created 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# lvcreate-L500m-nweb2lvm1  //建立LV，名为web2，大小为500M

Logicalvolume"web2"created 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# mke2fs-j/dev/lvm1/web1  //格式化web1

mke2fs1.39（29-May-2006） 

Filesystemlabel= 

OStype:

Linux 

Blocksize=1024（log=0） 

Fragmentsize=1024（log=0） 

128016inodes,512000blocks 

25600blocks（5.00%）reservedforthesuperuser 

Firstdatablock=1 

Maximumfilesystemblocks=67633152 

63blockgroups 

8192blockspergroup,8192fragmentspergroup 

2032inodespergroup 

Superblockbackupsstoredonblocks:

       8193,24577,40961,57345,73729,204801,221185,401409

Writinginodetables:

done                            

Creatingjournal（8192blocks）:

done 

Writingsuperblocksandfilesystemaccountinginformation:

done

Thisfilesystemwillbeautomaticallycheckedevery26mountsor 

180days,whichevercomesfirst. Usetune2fs-cor-itooverride. 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# mke2fs-j/dev/lvm1/web2  //格式化web1

mke2fs1.39（29-May-2006） 

Filesystemlabel= 

OStype:

Linux 

Blocksize=1024（log=0） 

Fragmentsize=1024（log=0） 

128016inodes,512000blocks 

25600blocks（5.00%）reservedforthesuperuser 

Firstdatablock=1 

Maximumfilesystemblocks=67633152 

63blockgroups 

8192blockspergroup,8192fragmentspergroup 

2032inodespergroup 

Superblockbackupsstoredonblocks:

       8193,24577,40961,57345,73729,204801,221185,401409

Writinginodetables:

done                            

Creatingjournal（8192blocks）:

done 

Writingsuperblocksandfilesystemaccountinginformation:

done

Thisfilesystemwillbeautomaticallycheckedevery39mountsor 

180days,whichevercomesfirst. Usetune2fs-cor-itooverride. 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# mkdir/web1 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# mkdir/web2 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# mount/dev/lvm1/web1/web1    //挂载

[root@RHEL5-1~]# mount/dev/lvm1/web2/web2 

[root@RHEL5-1~]# vi/etc/fstab  //编辑/etc/fstab，让系统启动时自动挂载

LABEL=/                /                      ext3   defaults       11 

LABEL=/var             /var                   ext3   defaults       12 

LABEL=/tmp             /tmp                   ext3   defaults       12 

LABEL=/boot            /boot                  ext3   defaults       12 

tmpfs                  /dev/shm               tmpfs  defaults       00 

devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts gid=5,mode=620 00 

sysfs                  /sys