英语六级阅读真题及答案 第1套 选词填空.docx
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英语六级阅读真题及答案 第1套 选词填空.docx
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英语六级阅读真题及答案第1套选词填空
2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第1套选词填空
After becoming president of Purdue University in2013, Mitch Daniels asked the faculty to prove thattheirstudentshaveactuallyachievedoneofhighereducation’smostimportantgoals:
critical thinkingskills.Twoyearsbefore,anationwidestudyofcollegegraduateshadshownthat more than a thirdhadmadeno26gains in such mental abilitiesduring their school years. Mr. Daniels needed to__27__ the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. Afterall,thepercentageofAmericanswhosay a college degree is "very important" has fallen 28in thelast 5-6 years.
Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students' critical thinking skills. Yet like many collegeteachers around the U.S., the faculty remain __29__ that their work as educators can bemeasuredby"learning 30_" such as a graduate's ability to investigateandreason.However,theprofessorsneed not worry so much.Theresultsofarecentexperimentshowedthatprofessorscanuse__31__ metrics to measure how well students do in three key areas:
critical thinking, written communication, and quantitative literacy.
Despite the success of the experiment, the actual results are worrisome, and mostly __32__ earlier studies. The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students wereachievinghighlevelsoncriticalthinkingthantheyweredoingforwrittencommunicationorquantitative literacy. And that conclusionisbasedonlyonstudentsnearinggraduation.
Americanuniversities,despitetheirglobal33__ for excellence in teaching, have onlybegun to demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning.Knowledge-baseddegreesarestillimportant,butemployersarestill important, but employers are __34__ advanced thinking skills from collegegraduates.Iftheintellectualworthofacollegedegreecanbe __35__ measured, morepeople will seek higher education—and come out better thinkers.
A. accuratelyB. confirmC. demandingD. doubtfulE. drasticallyF. justify
G. monopolizedH. outcomeI. predominanceJ. presumingK. reputationL. significant
M. signifyN. simultaneouslyO. standardized
答案:
(26)L.significant
(27)F.justify
(28)E.drastically
(29)D.doubtful
(30)H.outcome
(31)O.standardized
(32)B.confirm
(33)K.reputation
(34)C.demanding
(35)A.accurately
2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第1套仔细阅读2篇
Open data sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadlyagree that public access to raw data would accelerate science, most are reluctant to post theresults of their own labors online.
Some communities have agreed to share online—geneticists, for example, post DNA sequencesat the GenBank repository (库), and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images ofgalaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some500 million objects—but these remain the exception, not the rule. Historically, scientists haveobjected to sharing for many reasons:
it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did notexist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standardsfor formatting data; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.
But the barriers are disappearing, in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide areencouraging scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said inits report that scientists need to "shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as aprivate preserve". Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be publicinformation, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared digitallyin ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing upto make it easier to publish research products online and enable other researchers to discoverand cite them.
Although calls to share data often concentrate on the moral advantages of sharing, thepractice is not purely altruistic (利他的). Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved visibility and increased citations. Themost successful sharers—those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often---getnoticed, and their work gets used. For example, one of the most popular data sets onmultidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has beendownloaded 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresterslooking for information on different grades of timber."I'd much prefer to have my data used bythe maximum number of people to ask their own questions," she says."It's important to allowreaders and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and codeallows your science to be reproducible."
Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize andlabel files so others can understand them, scientists become more organized and betterdisciplined themselves, thus avoiding confusion later on.
46. What do many researchers generally accept?
A. It is imperative to protect scientists' patents.
B. Repositories are essential to scientific research.
C. Open data sharing is most important to medical science.
D. Open data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement.
47. What is the attitude of most researchers towards making their own data public?
A. Opposed.
B. Ambiguous.
C. Liberal.
D. Neutral.
48. According to the passage, what might hinder open data sharing?
A. The fear of massive copying.
B. The lack of a research culture.
C. The belief that research data is private intellectual property.
D. The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it.
49. What helps lift some of the barriers to open data sharing?
A. The ever-growing demand for big data.
B. The advancement of digital technology.
C. The changing attitude of journals and funders.
D. The trend of social and economic development.
50. Dryad serves as an example to show how open data sharing ________.
A. is becoming increasingly popular
B. benefits sharers and users alike
C. makes researchers successful
D. saves both money and labor
PassageTwo
Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Macy'sreporteditssalesplunged5.2%inNovemberandDecemberatstoresopenmorethanayear,adisappointingholidayseasonperformancethatcappedadifficultyearforadepartmentstorechainfacingwide-rangingchallenges.ItsflagshipstoresinmajorU.S.citiesdependheavilyoninternationaltouristspending,whichshrankatmanyretailersduetoastrongdollar.Meanwhile,Macy'shassimplystruggledtolureconsumerswhoaremoreinterestedinspendingontravelordiningoutthanonnewclothesoraccessories.
ThecompanyblamedmuchofthepoorperformanceinNovemberandDecemberonunseasonablywarmweather."About80%ofourcompany'syear-over-yeardeclinesincomparablesalescanbeattributedtoshortfalls(短缺)incold-weathergoods,"saidchiefexecutiveTenyLundgreninapressrelease.Thispromptedthecompanytocutitsforecastsforthefullfourthquarter.
However,it'sclearthatMacy'sbelievesitstroublesrundeeperthanatemporaryaberration(偏离)offthethermometer.Theretailgiantsaidthepoorfinancialperformancethisyearhaspushedittobeginimplementing$400millionincost-cuttingmeasures.Thecompanypledgedtocut600back-officepositions,thoughsome150workersinthoseroleswouldbereassignedtootherjobs.Italsoplanstooffer"voluntaryseparation"packagesto165seniorexecutives.Itwillslashstaffingatitsfleetof770stores,amoveaffectingsome3,000employees.
Theretaileralsoannouncedthelocationsof36storesitwillcloseinearly2016.Thecompanyhadpreviouslyannouncedtheplannedclosures,buthadnotsaidwhichlocationswouldbeaffected.Noneofthechain'sstoresintheWashingtonmetropolitanareaaretobeclosed.
Macy'shasbeenmovingaggressivelytotrytoremakeitselfforaneweraofshopping.IthasplanstoopenmorelocationsofMacy'sBackstage,anewly-developedoff-priceconceptwhichmighthelpitbettercompetewithambitiousT.J.Maxx.It'salsopushingaheadin2016withanexpansionofBluemercury,thebeautychainitboughtlastyear.AtatimewhenyoungbeautyshoppersareoftenturningtoSephoraorUltainsteadofdepartmentstorebeautycounters,Macy'shopesBluemercurywillhelpstrengthenitspositioninthecategory.
OnerelativebrightspotforMacy'sduringtheholidayseasonwastheonlinechannel,whereitrangup"double-digit"increasesinsalesanda25%increaseinthenumberofordersitfilled.Thatrelativestrengthwouldbeconsistentwithwhatwasseeninthewilderretailindustryduringtheearlypartoftheholidayseason.WhileThanksgiving,BlackFridayandCyberMondayallsawrecordspendingonline,in-storesalesplungedovertheholidayweekend.
51.WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheshrinkingspendingofinternationaltouristsintheU.S.?
A.ItisattributabletotherisingvalueoftheU.S.dollar.
B.Itisadirectresultoftheglobaleconomicrecession.
C.Itreflectsashiftoftheirinterestinconsumergoods.
D.ItposesapotentialthreattotheretailbusinessintheU.S.
52.WhatdoesMacy'sbelieveaboutitsproblems?
A.Theycanbesolvedwithbettermanagement.
B.Theycannotbeattributedtoweatheronly.
C.Theyarenotasseriousinitsonlinestores.
D.Theycallforincreasedinvestments.
53.Inordertocutcosts,Macy'sdecidedto________.
A.cutthesalaryofseniorexecutives
B.relocatesomeofitschainstores
C.adjustitspromotionstrategies
D.reducethesizeofitsstaff
54.WhydoesMacy'splantoexpand
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