中考英语简单句并列句复合句考点讲解及测试.docx
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中考英语简单句并列句复合句考点讲解及测试.docx
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中考英语简单句并列句复合句考点讲解及测试
简单句、并列句和复合句
考点一简单句
1.简单句只包含一个主谓结构.
2.五种简单句:
1)主+谓.Hecomesatlast.
2)主+系+表.Sheisateacher.
Thesouptastesnice.
3)主+谓+宾.Theyreachedthevillage.
4)主+谓+间宾+直宾.Hegavemeapen.
5)主+谓+宾+宾补.Ifindthatbookveryuseful.
考点二并列句
并列句:
两个或两个以上的简单句,用连词连接起来。
常用的连接词有:
1.表示顺承关系的:
and,notonly…butalso(不仅….而且….)等。
She______gaveusalotofadvice,_______helpedustoovercomedifficulties.
Lindatriedtobecomeanexcellentteacher,_____atlastshesucceeded.
2.表示选择关系和否定条件的有or(还是,否则)
Doyouwanttoleavenow____wouldyourathersetofflater
Wearyourcoat,____you’llcatchacold.
3.表示转折关系的有but,yet等。
Heisyoung,butheworkshard.虽然他年轻,但工作努力。
4.表示因果关系的有for,so等。
MyleghurtssoIgotoseeadoctor.我的腿疼,因此我去看医生。
考点三主从复合句:
宾语从句
1.宾语从句的引导词
(1)引导陈述句用that(在口语和非正式文体中常常省略)
Hetellsme(that)heisgoingshoppingthisSunday.
(2)引导一般疑问句用if或whether.
Sheaskedmeif\whethershecouldjoinus.(whether…ornot)
(3)引导特殊疑问句,要用原来的特殊疑问词。
Sheaskedthemwhattheyweredoing.
2.宾语从句的语序:
要用陈述句语序。
Iwanttoknowwhenthetrainleft.
3.宾语从句的时态
(1)主句是一般现在时,一般将来时或祈使句,宾语从句可根据实际需要选用各种时态。
Hetellsusthathehasbeenabletolookafterhimself.
(2)主句是过去时态,宾语从句应使用过去时的相应时态。
Theysaidthattheyhadalreadyfinishedthework.
(3)如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等,不管主句用什么时态,从句都用一般现在时。
Hesaidthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.
3.练习
1)Sheaskedme,“Willyougotothecinematomorrow”(改为含宾语从句的复合句)
Sheaskedme______I______gotothecinemathenextday.
2)Howlovelythedogis!
Canyoutellme_____
3)---Canyoutellme_____yourparentsathome
---Ioftenwashclothesandsweepthefloor.
4)WhenIwasyoung,mygrandfathertoldmethatthesun______(rise)intheeast.
考点四状语从句
一、状语从句在复合句中作状语,修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等。
1.地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where引导。
Putallthethings_____theywere.
2.时间状语从句(主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时)
时间状语从句的引导词有when,before,after,until,assoonas,since,while,as等
Shewascookingwhensomeoneknockatthedoor.
Whatwillyoudoafteryoufinishedyourhomework
3.条件状语从句
在条件状语从句中,常用的引导词有if,unless等。
Ifitdosen’train,I”llgofishing.
TheywillhaveapicnicunlessitrainsnextSunday.
4.原因状语从句
原因状语从句常用的引导词有because,as,since(既然)等
Hedidn’tcomebecausehewasill.
Sincewearestudents,weshouldstudyhard.
*Because和so不能在一个句子中同时使用。
5.结果状语从句
结果状语从句主要由so…that…,such…that…引导。
It’ssohotthatwewanttogoswimming.
That’ssuchaninterestingstorythateverybodylikesit.
*So…that…与简单句之间的句型转换
1)that后的句子是否定句,常用too…to进行转换。
Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.heistooyoungtogotoschool.
2)that后的句子是肯定句。
常用enoughto进行转换。
Theshirtwassocheapthatheboughtit.theshirtwascheapenoughforhimtobuy.
6.目的状语从句
目的状语从句常用的引导词有sothat,inorderthat等inorderto简单句
Pleasesayitinaloudvoicesothateveryonecanhearit.
Heworksharderinorderthathecangotoagoodcollege.
7.让步状语从句
引导词有though,although,evenif,eventhough(尽管)等。
Heoftenhelpsothersthough\althoughheisnotrich.
Theywillstandbyyouevenifyoudon’tsucceed.
*Though,although与but不能同时出现在一个句子中
8.比较状语从句
比较状语从句由than,as…as…,notas\so…as等引导。
(比较级)
HeismoreoutgoingthanI.
HeranasfastasMike.
二、练习
1.It’squitecommoninBritaintosay“thankyou”tothedrivers_____peoplegetoffthebus.
2.Theartclubisformembersonly.Youcan’tgoin____youareamember.
3.Nowmanyparentssendtheirchildrentoforeigncountries,_____theywantthemtogetabettereducation.
4.----Whatwouldsomestudentsliketodoafterfinishingtheireducation
----Theywouldliketostarttowork_______theyneedn’tdependontheirparentscompletely.
考点五定语从句
修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词(关系代词和关系副词)。
1.关系代词的基本用法
作主语
作宾语
作定语
指人
who\that
who\whom\that\省略
whose
指物
which\that
which\that\省略
whose
Theman__________spokeatthemeetingisfromHongKong.(指人作主语)
Thebuilding___________isbeingbuiltwillbeusedasahospital.(指物作主语)
Ivisitedascientist_______nameisknownallovertheworld.(指人作定语)
2.关系代词特殊用法
(1)当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
Heisoneoftheboyswho______(like)playingfootball.
Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho________(like)playingfootball.
(2)通常以下四种情况关系代词只能用that而不能用which.
1)先行词为all,much,something,everything,nothing,little,none,theone等不定代词时
2)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
3)当先行词被theonly,thevery,thejust等修饰时。
4)先行词中既有人又有物时。
3.关系副词的基本用法。
1)when在句中作状语,表示时间。
2)where在句中作状语,表示地点。
.
3)why在句中作状语,表示原因。
Herememberstheday_______hejoinedtheLeague.
Thisisthereason_______heislatetoday.
Thisistheplace_______LuXunwasborn.
1.(2011泰安)---_______doyoureadEnglishnewspapers
---IreadChinaDailyeveryday.
A.HowlongB.
2.(2011抚州)Johnhadashortwalkafterlunch,_______?
A.didheB.
3.(2011宁波)---_______doyouhaveanArtFestivalinyourschool
---Onceayear.
4.(2011安徽省)Ifyouwanttogotoseethemoviethisevening,so_______I.
5.(2011长沙)_______tallthegirlis!
6.(2011长沙)_______callmeMimi!
It'smycat'sname.
7.(2011长沙)Theywenttotheparkyesterday,_______
A.don'ttheyB.didn'ttheyC.aren'ttheyD.can'tthey
8.(2011福州)---LiMeiusuallyhelpsothers,_______?
---Yes,sheiskind-hearted.
9.(2011眉山)There_______anEnglishpartyinourschooltomorrowevening.
10.(2011济南)---_______ayeardoesyourschoolhavesportsmeetings
---Twiceayear.
11.(2011泰州)---Ihavechangedmyjob.
---_______.
12.(2011济南)MikelearnsalotaboutInternet.And_______.
13.(2011眉山)JimnevergoestothemoviesonSaturday,_______?
14.(2011玉州)You'vejustfinishedyourlisteningexamPleasegetyourselfreadyforthenextpart,_______?
15.(2011眉山)---_______theweatherlikelastMonday
---Itwassunny.
A.HowwasB.
16.(2011潍坊)_______greatscientistQianXuesenis!
17.(2011眉山)---_______doyouvisityourgrandparents
---Onceamonth.
.HowmuchD.Howoften
18.(2011内江)---_______doyouspeakEnglishsowell
---BecauseIpracticeitwithmypartnereveryday.
19.(2011泉州)---We'llgotoQingYuanMountaintomorrow.Why_______joinus
---That'sagoodidea.
20.(2011泉州)Thereislittlemilkintheglass,_______?
21.(2011肇庆)ThestudentsinClassTwoplayedbasketballagainstClassOneyesterday,_____
22.(2011宁波)---Whatanewcomputer!
Canyoutellme_______
---Justthedaybeforeyesterday.
23.(2011泰安)---Tomwantstoknowifyouwillhaveapicnictomorrow.
---Yes.Butifit_______,we'llplaychessinstead.
24.(2011烟台)---Doyouknowthisdictionarybelongsto
---Letmesee.Oh,it's_______.
A.whodoes;mineB.who;meC.whose;mineD.who;mine
25.(2011杭州)Franklintoldthemall_______tobeinBritainagain.
26.(2011湖州)---Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike
---Ilikethemovies_______areaboutChinesehistory.
27.(2011丽水)---Doyouknow_______?
---Sorry,Idon'thaveawatch.
28.(2011重庆)Thewomanaskedthepolicemanwhere_______.
29.(2011泰安)---Canyouguess_______thenewschoolbagyesterday.
----Sorry,I'venoidea.
ChowmuchhepaidforD.howmuchdidhespend
30.(2011杭州)Whoistheman_______isreadingabookoverthere
31.(2011湖州)---Doyouknow_______
---NextSunday.
32.(2011长沙)---Canyoutellmewhy_______
---BecauseIwanttohelpthepeoplethere.
A.doyougotoTibet(西藏)B.didyougotoTibet
CareyougoingtoTibetD.youaregoingtoTibet
33.(2011浙江省)---Linda,couldyoutellme_______
---Heisanactor.
CwhereheworksD.wheredoeshework
34.(2011福州)---Couldyoutellme_______
---Sure.Thedayaftertomorrow.
A.whenwillyouleaveforthe
Cwhenyourfatherreturned
35.(2011济南)Heaskedme_______.
A.whodidkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCup
CwhenChinabecameamemberoftheWTO
D.wherewillthe2008Olympicsbeheld
36.(2011玉州)Janeisoneofthestudentsintheclass_______haveeverbeentoChina.
37.(2011济宁)Canyoutellme_______afterthisexam?
38.(2011苏州)---Canyoutellmehowmanycolours_______inarainbow
---Seven
39.(2011潍坊)Ican'tunderstand_______Apple'siPad2.
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