优质实用外贸英语函电教程 廖瑛主编参考答案.docx

优质实用外贸英语函电教程 廖瑛主编参考答案.docx

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优质实用外贸英语函电教程廖瑛主编参考答案

I.Comprehensionquestions.

1.Generallyspeaking,practicalEnglishwritingscanbeclassifiedintoeightkinds:

letters,commercialdocuments,etiquettedocuments,contractordeed,informativeandrevelationaldocuments,billsandvouchers,documentsformeetingaffairs,etc.

2.Thespecialcommercialdocumentsincludequotationsheets,lettersofcredit,certificateofentrustment,lettersofintent,lettersofcomplaint,lettersofclaims,etc.

3.Etiquettedocumentscanbedividedintocongratulatorydocumentsandcondolatorydocuments.

4.Contractordeedincludesintentionagreement,salesconfirmation,agencyagreement,contractculturalexchangeagreement,letterofappointment,stipulationofagreement.

5.Informativeandrevelationaldocumentsareusedtoinformthepublicofsth.ortobringsth.intoapublicnotice.

6.Expositorywritingisusedtoexplainorillustratesomething.Forexample,theinstructionisusedtoexplaintheproperties,qualityandmodelofaproducts;captionisusedtoillustratethefilm.Trademarkisusedtomarkthebrandofaproduct.

7.Somestipulationsofagreement,suchasjointcommuniqué,jointstatement,jointpledge,contract,etc.havethefunctionofstipulation,whichmeansthatthesedocumentsarebindingoneverysidessigned,andthatthesidewhobreaksthetermsbearpolitical,economicalormoralresponsibility.

8.ItmeansthattoalmostallthepracticalEnglishwritings,thefirstfunctionistoinformortoremindthecounterpartorthepublicofacertainthingorpublicaffair.Besidesexpositorywritinghasexplanatoryfunction.Inaword;theso-called“FunctionofInformationandUnderstanding”istoinformsomebodyofsomethingandlethimorhertoactasthepracticalEnglishwritingtold.

9.TheFunctionofvoucheristhefunctionofevidence.Allthedocumentstoexternalassociationalmosthavefunctionofvoucher.Especiallyallkindsofcontracts,agreements,certificates,orders,lettersofcredit,bills,receipts,I.O.U.,shippingdocuments,lettersofintroduction,lettersofreservation,weldingcertificate,etc.,haveobviousfunctionofvouchers.

10.InordertowritethepracticalEnglishwritings,theauthorshouldhaveagoodcommandofstandardmodernEnglish,allkindsofsocialknowledge,knowledgeoftechnicalterms,knowledgeofsocialpsychologyandknowledgeofvariousprofession,suchassecretary,management,businesstheoryandpractice,etc.

11.BecausepracticalEnglishwritinghasitsspecificlanguagestyle,thatis,theessentiallanguagecharacteristicswhicharecalledthesevenCs:

completeness,concreteness,clearness,conciseness,courtesy,considerationandcorrectness.

12.BecauseapracticalEnglishwritingissuccessfulandfunctionswellonlywhenitcontainsallthenecessaryinformationtothereaders,andanswersallthequestionsandrequirementsputforwardbythereaders.Theso-called“completeness”istoseetoitthatallthemattersarestatedordiscussed,allthequestionsareansweredorexplained,andallinformationareprovided.

13.Inageneralandvaguemessage,everythingseemstobementioned,butactually,fewarefullyexpounded.Thereadersonlyhaveavagueimpressionofwhatyoutrytoachieve,soheorsheisatalosshowtoreactuponreadingyourmessage.Especiallyforcontracts,agreements,announcementsnotices,found,poster,advertisementsandbusinessletterscallingforspecificreply,asoffer,inquiringtradeterms,etc.,the“concreteness”mustbealwaysstressedasthegeneralorvaguemessagewillcauseunnecessarytroublesanddisputes.

14.Theso-called“clearness”istomakesurewhatyouwriteissoclearthatitcan’tbemisunderstood.Asawriter,youshouldhaveaconcreteideainyourmindofwhatyouaregoingtoachieve.Onlyaclearmindcanexpressclearly.Inordertomakewhatyouwriteclear,youshouldpayattentiontochoosetheconciseandstraight-forwardexpressionsandtrytoavoidusingthewordsandsentencesequivocalinmeaning;payattentiontothepositionofthemodifier;payattentiontotheobjectofthepronounandtherelationsbetweentherelativepronounandtheantecedent;payattentiontorationalityinlogic,thevarietyinthesentencestructure,thecompactinplotandcoherenceinmeaning;payattentiontothelogicalityofthefalltext.

15.“Conciseness”meansyoushouldclearlyexpresswhatyouneedtodoinashortandpithystyleofwritingaspossibleasyoucanwithoutsacrificingcompleteness,concretenessandcourtesy.

16.Thedefinitionofthe“You-attitude”istoputyourselfinthepositionoftherecipientandtakeintoconsiderationhisdemand,hope,interestsandsoon.

17.Becausealetterexpressedinthewayofrefinedandcourteousurbanecanmakeyourselfsetupanhonestandenthusiasticimagewithgoodartisticappreciationandprofessionalethicsintheeyesofthereaderswhowillbegladtocooperatewithyouandserveyouwholeheartedly.

18.Ifthesentenceisrewrittenlikethis:

WeassureyouthatthegoodswillbeshippedbyJuly20,itwillbebetter,becauseitexplainstheprobleminapositiveway.

19.Correctnessrefersmuchmorethanthatofgrammar,punctuationandspellingofwords,whicharethebasicelements.Thewritershouldalsobearinmindthefollowing:

1）choosetheonlyaccuratefacts,wordsandfigures;2）takeamatter-of-matterattitudetoclearlystatewhatyouwillsay.Don’tover-stateorunderstate;3）payattentiontothecorrectunderstandingandusingthecommercialtermsandjargons.

20.BecauseifthepracticalEnglishwritingsforinternationalbusinessisnotcorrect,theymaybemisunderstoodandevengoastray.PracticalEnglishwritingsforinternationalbusiness,especially,businesslettersoftenarebasesforvariouscommercialdocumentssuchascontractsandagreements,sotheyareconcernedwiththerights,obligation,etc.ofthebothsidesofatrade,thefactofwhichmustcallspecialattentionfromwriters.

II.Rewritethefollowingsentencesandmakethemcorrect,positiveandpolite.

1.Forthepasttwoyears,noorderhasbeengiventous.

2.Weareafraidwecan’tcomplywithyourrequest.

3.Wouldyoupleasecompareourgoodswiththoseofotherfirms?

4.Wehopeyouwilleffectafullsettlementofourclaim.

5.Wewouldliketomakeitclearthatforfurthertransaction,D/PwillonlybeacceptableiftheamountinvolvedforeachtransactionisnotuptoU.S.$1000oritsequivalentinRMBattheconversionratethanprevailing.

6.WeregrettoinformyouthatthegoodsshippedbySSEastWindarrivedinsuchanunsatisfactoryconditionthatwecannottakedelivery,butlodgeaclaimwithyou.

7.Werequestyourimmediatepayment.

8.Wepresumethattheremustbesomereasonforyourhavingtroublewiththisarticle.

9.Wegladlyrefundwhenthereturneditemsarecleanandresalable.

III.Comparethetwoletters,youwillfindLetterBiswritteninpositiveway.ThentrytotranslatethemintoChinese.

LetterA

DearSirs,

WereceivedyourletterofSeptember21relativetoinquiriesforAmmoniumSulphatefromWestAfricanandSouthEastAsianclients,whichwereadwithmuchinterest.

Weregrettoinformyou,however,thatallthemakersofAmmoniumSulphateheredecidedtoexportthiscommoditytoLatinAmerica360thousandtonsintotal,andthiscausedtheauthoritiestosuspendtheexportlicenceforthiscommodityforareasotherthanLatinAmerica,anticipatingtheshortageinthedomesticmarket,untiltheendofDecember.

Muchtoourregret,wehavetowaitforthetimeandgiveupthepleasureofdoingbusinessforthetimebeing.

Sincerelysolicitingyourkindunderstandingoftheaboveandassuringyouofourbestservicesatalltimes,

Yourstruly,        

译文：

我们收到了你们9月21日关于来自西非和东南亚顾客对硫铵的询价信。

我们以极大的兴趣读了该信。

我们遗憾地告知你们，此地所有的硫铵制造商已决定一共向拉丁美洲出口36万吨硫铵。

这导致了当局停发拉丁美洲以外地区的硫铵出口许可证，因为他们预计直到12月底该货在国内市场上缺货。

很抱歉，我们只能等待，暂不得不放弃做买卖。

恳请谅解，保证随时为你服务。

谨上

LetterB

DearSirs,

WethankyouforyourletterofSeptember21regardingAmmoniumSulphate,forwhichyouhavereceivedinquiriesfromyourcustomersinWestAfricaandSoutheastAsia.

Wewishwecouldhavereceivedyourinquiryalittleearlier.Ontheverydayitreachedus,acontractwassignedwithMexicoforatotalof360 000tons.Becauseofthis,ourGovernmenthasdecidednottograntexportlicencesforthecommodityforareasotherthanMexicountilDecember31,2000,expectingtheshortagewhichmaybecausedinthedomesticmarket.

Therefore,weshallbepleasedtoinformyouindetailassoonasthecircumstancesbecomefavourableforustodobusinessinthisline.

Yourstruly,        

译文：

谢谢你们9月21日函，关于你们已收到西非和东南亚顾客询价硫铵一事。

可惜你方的询价到得太晚了，因在该信到达我处的当天，我方已与墨西哥签订了36万吨的合同。

因此，我国政府预期这可能引起该商品在国内市场上缺货，已决定在2000年12月31日前停发墨西哥以外地区硫铵出口许可证。

因此，一旦情况有利于我们做硫铵买卖时，我们将乐于详告。

谨上