现代大学英语第一册教案unit7.docx
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现代大学英语第一册教案unit7.docx
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现代大学英语第一册教案unit7
LessonSevenMandela’sGarden
◆Abouttheauthor
◆Introductiontothetext
◆Detailsofthetext
◆After-classactivity
Abouttheauthor(1918-)
NelsonRolihlahlaMandelawasborninTranskei,SouthAfricaonJuly25th,1918.HisfatherwasChiefHenryMandelaoftheTembuTribe.
MandelahimselfwaseducatedatUniversityCollegeofFortHareandtheUniversityofWitwatersrandandqualifiedinlawin1942.HejoinedtheAfricanNationalCongress(ANC)in1944andwasengagedinresistanceagainsttherulingNationalParty'sapartheid[ə′pɑ′theɪt,ə′pɑ′tʌɪd]policiesafter1948.Hewentontrialfortreason[′tri:
zn]不忠,叛逆in1956—1961andwasacquitted.[ə′kwit]宣判…无罪in1961.
MandelamarriedWinniein1958.Itwasalovestory,tempered冲淡tragicallybythepoliticalambitionsofitstwolarger-than-lifeprotagonists提倡者;首脑人物.HefeltguiltyforwhatWinniehadenduredbecauseofyearsofimprisonment.ButWinnieandhisfamilyalwayscamesecondtohisothergreatlove,theANCandtheliberationstruggle.
OnJune12,1964,eightoftheaccused,includingMandela,weresentencedtolifeimprisonment.From1964to1982,hewasincarcerated[ɪn′kɑ′səreɪt]禁闭atRobbenIslandPrison,offCapeTown;thereafter此后,hewasatPollsmoorPrison,nearbyonthemainland.NelsonMandelawasreleasedonFebruary18,1990.Hewasinaugurated[ɪ′nɔ′gjʊreɪt]为…举行就职典礼asthefirstdemocraticallyelectedStatePresidentofSouthAfricaon10May1994-June1999In1994,hewaselectedPresidentofSouthAfrica.In1999,hesteppeddownfromhispostandgavehispowertohissuccessor.
LongWalktoFreedom
LongWalktoFreedomisMandela’smovingandexhilarating令人振奋的autobiography,abookdestinedtotakeitsplaceamongthefinestmemoirsofhistory'sgreatestfigures.Hereforthefirsttime,NelsonRolihlahlaMandelatellstheextraordinarystoryofhislife-anepic史诗ofstruggle,setback挫折,renewedhope,andultimatetriumph,whichhas,untilnow,beenvirtuallyunknowntomostoftheworld.Tomillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,NelsonMandelastands,asnootherlivingfiguredoes,forthetriumphofdignity尊严andhopeoverdespairandhatred,ofself-disciplineandloveoverpersecutionandevil.LongWalktoFreedomembodiesthatspiritinabookforalltime.
RobbenIsland
Robbenislandissituatedamere11kmfromCapeTown,inthemiddleofTableBay,withinclearsightofthecity.ItwasonthisislandthatNelsonMandelawasheldprisonerfor18years,muchofitunderhardlabour.PriortobeingaprisonforpoliticalactivistsduringtheApartheidera,theislandwasaleper[′lepə]被孤立者colony.TheislandisnowamuseumandconservationareaandwasdeclaredaWorldHeritagesitein1999.
ImportantFiguresinHistory
MartinLutherKing(1929—1968)isthefirstpersonintheWesternworldtohaveshownusthatastrugglecanbewaged开展(运动)withoutviolence.Heisthefirsttomakethemessageofbrotherly兄弟般的lovearealityinthecourseofhisstruggle,andhehasbroughtthismessagetoallmen,toallnationsandraces.In1964.Atage35,Dr.Kingwastheyoungestman,thesecondAmerican,andthethirdblackmanawardedtheNobelPeacePrize."IHaveADream",thespeechwasdeliveredbytheMartinLutherKingonthestepsattheLincolnMemorialinWashingtonD.C.onAugust28,1963.
MohandasKaramchandGandhi(1869-1948),Hindu印度人religiousleaderandIndiannationalistwhoadvocatedhomeruleforIndiaandpracticednonviolentresistanceagainsttheBritishgovernment.
NelsonMandela(1918-)NelsonMandelaisoneofthegreatmoralandpoliticalleadersofourtime:
aninternationalherowhoselifelongdedicationtothefightagainstracialoppressioninSouthAfricawonhimtheNobelPeacePrizeandthepresidencyofhiscountry.
QuestionsonGardening
Whatdoyouusuallycompareagardenerwith?
Andwhatdoyouthinktheyhaveincommon?
Theteacherislikeagardenerinthatbothplantseeds,waterthem,nurturethemandcareforthemsothattheycangrowtomaturityandbearfruit.Childrenarelikeyoungplants.Knowledgeistochildrenwhatrainistoplants....
Themeofthetext(Thethemeissummedupattheveryend.)
ForMandela,gardeningisthesourceofspiritualfulfillment满足(感),成就(感).GardeninggivesMandelainspirationforhisrevolutionarycause.Politicalleadersarelikegardeners.
Structureofthetext
Thisarticleisapieceofwritinginwhichnarrationsanddescriptionsoffeelingsareverynaturallycombined.Itcanbedividedintotwoparts.
PartI(Para1-8)
HowMandelatakeshishobbyasasurvivalstrategy
.Thegardeninggiveshimsatisfaction,offersatasteoffreedom,andmakeshimstrongphysicallyandmentally.
PartII(Para9-theend)Thesignificanceofhisgardeningexperience.
Itisametaphorandgiveshiminspirationonhowtobeagoodrevolutionaryleaderandhowtonourish保持,增长importanthumanrelationship(esp.withhiswife)
After-classactivity
1.Retellthestoryinyourownwords.
2.RefertotherelevantmaterialsandtrytolearnmoreaboutMandelaandhisautobiography.
Detailsofthetext
ØInearly1977,theauthoritiesannouncedtheendofmanuallaborandarrangesometypeofworkforustodointhecourtyard,sowecouldspendourdaysinoursection.
(1)
theauthorities:
thepeopleincharge,referringtotheprisonauthorities
manuallabor:
手工劳动;physicallabor体力劳动;mentallabor脑力劳动
arrange:
v.toplananarrangedmarriage:
包办婚姻
n.arrangement
section:
thepartofprisonwhereMandelastayed区
ØTheendofmanuallaborwasliberating.
(1)→seenote2onP162
ØIcouldnowspendthedayreading,writingletters,discussingissueswithmycomrades,orpreparinglegaldocuments.
(1)
Notethephrase“spendsometimeonsth/(in)doingsth
issue:
n.
1.animportanttopicorproblemfordebateordiscussion问题;议题
theissueofglobalwarming.全球变暖问题。
2.supplyingordistribution分配;分发;发行
theissueofnotesbytheBankofChina.英格兰银行纸币的发行。
3.[Cn]eachofaregularseriesofpublications(出版物的)期,号
theDecemberissueofthemagazine.杂志的12月号。
vt.
1.出版,发行
Thegovernmentissuesmoneyandstamps.政府发行货币及邮票。
2.发表,发布
TheinspiringcallwasissuedbythePresident.这鼓舞人心的号召是总统发出的。
3.分配,发给
Wealsoissuedagriculturalloans.我们还发放了农业贷款。
Mandeladidnotaskforalawyer.Hehaddecidedtobehisownlawyer.
ØPursue:
vt.
1.追捕,追击
Thepolicemenpursuedthebankrobbers.警察追捕银行抢劫犯。
2.追求
Hebegantopursueaneasyandcomfortablelife.他开始追求安逸舒适的生活。
3.继续,从事;实行,推行
Hepursuedhisstudiesafterleavingschool.他离开学校后仍继续进行研究。
Thecountryhasalwayspursuedapolicyofpeace.该国一直奉行和平政策。
pursuitn.inpursuitof
Heisengagedintheruthlesspursuitofwealth.他忙着不择手段地追求财富。
ØQuestion1:
WhatcanweknowfromPara.1?
Mandelaintroducesreaderstothetopicofhiswriting,thatis,gardeningbutatthesametime,healsodiscusseshowhespenttheday.Hespentthedaytalkingwithhiscomradesabouthispoliticalcause.SoreaderscanseethathispoliticalcauseaccountsforalotinMandela’slifeinprison.Andthat’swhyMandelacouldgetinspirationsfromhishobby—gardeninginprison.
ØTosurviveinprison,onemustdevelopwaystotakesatisfactioninone’sdailylife.
(2)
survive:
nottodieinanaccidentorwar,orfromanillness,orunderextremelyharshconditions
one:
generalreferencereferringtonooneinparticular.It’saformalusage.Ininformalwritingorspeech,“you”isused.
Øtakesatisfactionin:
(2)learntoenjoy(doing)sth,takepride/delightinsth.从…中感到的满足
→Inordernottodieandgoonlivinginprison,prisonersmustcultivatewaystolearntoenjoythemselvesintheirdailylife.
Q:
whatdoesitimplyaboutlifeinprison?
Prisonhavenofreedomandalmosthavenocontactwiththeoutsideworld.Manyofthemwillloseheart.Thereforetheymustfindwaystotakesatisfactionintheirdailylife.
ØFulfilled:
(2)satisfied满足的
Øbeemptyof:
(2)
e.g.Therestaurantwasalmostemptyofcustomers.
ØCell:
n.
(2)
1.单人牢房
2.细胞Allanimalsandplantsaremadeofcells.一切动植物都是由细胞构成的。
3.电池adrycell干电池
Øfeel/take(a)prideinsth/ordoingsth:
(2)beproudof
Wetakegreatprideinourachievements.我们为取得的成就感到自豪。
intheprideof处于全盛时期
Pridegoesbefore,and,shamefollowsafter.[谚]骄必招辱。
Pridegoesbeforefall.(=Pridewillhaveafall.)傲者必败。
swallowone’spride放下自尊:
Sheswallowedherprideandphonedhim.她放下自尊给他打了电话。
ØQuestion2:
WhatroledoesPara.2playinthefirstpart?
Inthisparagraph,Mandelatellsreadershehaswelladaptedhimselftothelifeinprison.Andthesmallthingsinsideprisonarealsoasourceofhispride.Thusreaderscanseethatgardeninghasalreadybecomeakindofsurvivalstrategy.Gardeninggiveshimsatisfaction,offersatasteoffreedom,andmakeshimstrongphysicallyandmentally.Itisawaytodefy公然反抗theenemy’sattempttocrushhimspiritually.
ØButeventuallytheygavein,andwewereabletocutoutasmallgardenonanarrowpatchofearthagainstthefarwall.(3)
gavein:
unwillingagreed
→Butfinallytheyagreedunwillingly,andwewereabletomarkoutasmallgardenonastripofearthagainstthewallinthedistance.
cutout:
markout/off
(1)删掉Delete/remove
Youcancutoutwhatyoulike./let’scutouttheunimportantdetails.
(2)停止
Letscutoutthetalkingandgetbacktowork!
(3)戒掉、不吃
Hehasdecidedtocutoutsmokinganddrinking.
(4)剪下来、剪裁
Thefirststepinmakingadressistocutoutthepiecesaccordingtothepattern.
becutoutfor/tobe适合当(做)是……材料
betherighttype
Theboyiscutoutforanartist.
Heisn’treallycutoutforthiskindofwork.
cutback(on)减少
Theywereforcedtocutbackproduction.
cutdown削减、减少、压缩、坎倒
Wemustcutdownourexpenses
Ifyoucutdownallthetreesyouwillruintheland.
cutin=cuti
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