全国通用高考英语复习第8讲 并列连词和从句.docx
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全国通用高考英语复习第8讲 并列连词和从句.docx
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全国通用高考英语复习第8讲并列连词和从句
第8讲 并列连词和从句
(一)并列连词
[析考点·规律探密] 真题体验 透视命题规律
授课提示:
对应学生用书第25页
并列连词是高考语法填空和短文改错考查的重点和难点之一。
要根据语境和逻辑关系选择合适的并列连词。
【考点练悟】(单句语法填空)
1.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)InmuchofAsia,especiallythesocalled“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,andVietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.
2.(2015·广东卷)Oneday,thecowwaseatinggrasswhenitbegantorainheavily.
3.(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed.
4.(2018·银川一中模拟)Theproblemwasalittlehard,but/yet/whileIwasabletoworkitout.
[规律总结]
1.并列连词有:
并列
连词
并列关系
and,when(=andjustatthattime),notonly...butalso...,neither...nor...,both...and...
转折关系
but,while(而,尽管),yet,not...but...
选择关系
or,either...or...,otherwise,orelse(否则,要不然)
因果关系
for,so
2.并列连词的常用句式
(1)祈使句+and/or+陈述句。
(2)Sb.wasdoingsth.when.../Sb.wasabouttodosth.when...
【考点练悟】
(单句改错 请按照高考要求直接在原句上修改)
1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Attheendofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturneverytwoyears,butheagreed.
答案:
Attheendofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturneverytwoyears,
heagreed.
2.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Ihavegrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.
答案:
Ihavegrownnotonlyphysically,
alsomentallyinthepastfewyears.
3.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.
答案:
Thoughnotverybig,
或
therestaurantispopularinourarea.
4.(2016·四川卷)BothDadorIplannedtodosomethingonMother'sDay.
答案:
BothDad
IplannedtodosomethingonMother'sDay.
5.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.
答案:
Theretheairisclean
themountainsaregreen.
6.(2015·四川卷)Infact,Idon'tliketogoanymore,soI'mafraidI'lllosetheirfriendship.
答案:
Infact,Idon'tliketogoanymore,
I'mafraidI'lllosetheirfriendship.
7.(2014·陕西卷)Werantoescapebutfortunatelynoonewasinjured.
答案:
Werantoescape
fortunatelynoonewasinjured.
8.(2013·全国卷Ⅰ)Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimapartfromothersinoursmalltown,hewasstrongandpowerful.
答案:
Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimapartfromothersinoursmalltown,
hewasstrongandpowerful.
[规律总结]
(二)定语从句
[析考点·规律探密] 真题体验 透视命题规律
授课提示:
对应学生用书第26页
定语从句是高考语法填空和短文改错考查的重点和难点之一,定语从句的引导词有关系代词和关系副词之分。
因此,选择关联词要综合各方面因素来考虑。
【考点练悟】(单句语法填空)
1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014that/whichshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.
2.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,whichisnotgoodforthehealth.
3.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)ButSarah,who_hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.
4.(2017·浙江卷)Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygotsweptintoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden,whereitremaineduntilthecarrot'sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生长)throughit.
5.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,wholivedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.
6.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid1980s,whenIwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.
[规律总结]
定语
从句
关系
先行词是人
who/that(主语),whom/that(宾语),whose(定语)
代词
先行词是事或物
which/that(主语或宾语),whose(=ofwhich,定语)
关系副词
注:
非限制性定语从句中不用that
先行词是时间:
when(状语);先行词是地点:
where(状语);先行词是reason:
why(状语)
【考点练悟】
(单句改错 请按照高考要求直接在原句上修改)
1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.
答案:
Theyalsohadasmallpond
或
theyraisedfish.
2.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Aroundmeinthepicturearethethingstheywereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:
carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.
答案:
Aroundmeinthepicturearethethings
wereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:
carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.
3.(2016·四川卷)ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom'sfavorite.
答案:
Thedishes
或
IcookedwereMom'sfavorite.
4.(2013·全国卷Ⅱ)Havingteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner,thatmightnotbeserveduntil8o'clockatnight.
答案:
Havingteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner,
mightnotbeserveduntil8o'clockatnight.
[规律总结]
(三)名词性从句
[析考点·规律探密] 真题体验 透视命题规律
授课提示:
对应学生用书第27页
名词性从句是高考语法填空和短文改错考查的重点和难点之一。
名词性从句连接词分为从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。
因此,要综合各方面因素来考虑。
【考点练悟】(单句语法填空)
1.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I'mnotsurewhoismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.
2.(2017·江苏卷改编)Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfofwhatitusedtocharge.
3.(2017·天津卷改编)Sheaskedmewhether/if_Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn't.
4.(2017·北京卷改编)Everyyear,whoevermakesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.
5.(2017·北京卷改编)Janemovedaimlesslydownthetreelinedstreet,notknowingwhere_shewasheading.
6.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.
[规律总结]
名词性从句
连词that
没有词义,不作句子成分,引导宾语从句时可省略;即句子的结构与意义完整时,填that
连词if/whether
意为“是否”,不作句子成分,引导宾语从句时一般可互换,但在介词后或discuss后引导宾语从句时只能用whether。
引导其他名词性从句时,一般也只能用whether
连接代词
有词义,作句子成分:
who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever
连接副词
有词义,作句子成分:
when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however
【考点练悟】
(单句改错 请按照高考要求直接在原句上修改)
1.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.
答案:
Myuncleistheownerofarestaurantcloseto
Ilive.
2.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Afterlookingatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.
答案:
Afterlookingatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfound
或
hisparentsweremissing.
3.(2015·四川卷)HowdoyouthinkIshoulddo?
答案:
doyouthinkIshoulddo?
4.(2014·四川卷)Ifyounoticethatwhensomeoneismissingorhurt,tellyourteacherimmediately.
答案:
Ifyounoticethat
someoneismissingorhurt,tellyourteacherimmediately.
[规律总结]
(四)状语从句
[析考点·规律探密] 真题体验 透视命题规律
授课提示:
对应学生用书第27页
状语从句是高考语法填空和短文改错考查的重点和难点之一。
状语从句的连词有意义和结构之分,因此,选择连词时要综合各方面因素来考虑。
【考点练悟】(单句语法填空)
1.(2017·江苏卷改编)LocatedwheretheBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.
2.(2017·北京卷改编)—Peter,pleasesenduspostcardssowe'llknowwhereyouhavevisited.
—Noproblem.
3.(2017·北京卷改编)Although/Thoughbirdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.
4.(2017·北京卷改编)Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigureitout.
5.(2016·四川卷改编)Themotherheldthebabyinherfrontpawsmuchthewayahumandoes.When/Ifitcried,sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.
6.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Overtime,asthepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.
[规律总结]
状语
从句
时间状语
when,while,as,before,after,once,till,until,since,everytime,themoment,hardly...when
地点状语
where,wherever(无论什么地方,不管哪里)
原因状语
because,since,as,nowthat(=since既然,由于)
目的状语
sothat(为了,以便),inorderthat,incase(以防万一)
结果状语
sothat(结果),so...that,such...that(如此……以至于)
条件状语
if,unless(除非,如果不),aslongas(只要),solongas(只要),onconditionthat(如果),incase(如果,万一)
方式状语
as(像,依照),asif/asthough(好像,仿佛)
让步状语
although,though,as(状语或表语要提到as前,作表语的单数可数名词提前时,不用a或an),evenif/eventhough(即使),whether...or...(不管……还是),whoever(=nomatterwho),whatever(=nomatterwhat),whenever(=nomatterwhen),whichever(=nomatterwhich)
比较状语
than,as...as...,notas...as...,notso...as...,thesame...as...,such...as...,themore...themore...
【考点练悟】
(单句改错 请按照高考要求直接在原句上修改)
1.(2015·陕西卷)MyonlymistakewasthatIdroppedsomeonthefloorafterIwaspackingthemup.
答案:
MyonlymistakewasthatIdroppedsomeonthefloor
Iwaspackingthemup.
2.(2015·浙江卷)IfIwasonlyachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.
答案:
IwasonlyachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.
3.(2013·全国卷Ⅰ)Infact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawayduringtheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.
答案:
Infact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesaway
theycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.
[规律总结]
[刷题组·题型突破] 即时演练 巩固复习成果
授课提示:
对应学生用书第28页
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2018·西安中学质检)Ifwearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized,wearenotreallylearningthelanguage.
2.(2018·杭州市质检)Although/Though/Whiletherewasnoconclusiveevidence,mostpeoplethoughthewasguilty.
3.Whatittakesisasmiletomakeanydifficultyshortwork,forjustbeinghappycanhelpothers.
4.(2018·银川九中模拟)Thenewboylookedattheteacherforafewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswonderedwhattheboywoulddo.
5.(2018·宁大附中模拟)Wedon'tknowhowlongwehidinthisrestaurant.
6.Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday.
7.(2018·东北三省四市联考)Thereasonwhyherefusedtoattendthemeetingwasthattheydidn'tgivehimaninvitationearlier.
8.Anotherpossiblereasonisthatonaverage,theBritishpeopledon'ttakethemselvestooseriously.
9.SomepeoplethoughttheartistmeanttocriticizetheFrenchking,whohadbeeninvolvedinappointingtheship'scaptain.
10.(2018·哈尔滨市第六中学模拟)It'snotpolitetoburstintolaughterwheneatinginBritain,whichindicatesyoudon'trespectothers.
11.Count,butneverstopuntil/beforeyoufindthetenth.
12.Thereareseveralreasonsforsleepbecauseweneedtodream.
Ⅱ.单句改错(请按照高考要求直接在原句上修改)
1.Ithink,weshouldfirstgoallouttoplanttreesthoughtreeswillhelpsavewater.
答案:
Ithink,weshouldfirstgoallouttoplanttrees
treeswillhelpsavewater.
2.Sincethelunchbellfinallyrang,myfriendsandImetunderatalltreeandhadourlunches.
答案:
thelunchbellfinallyrang,myfriendsandImetunderatalltreeandhadourlunches.
3.Withoutamoment'sdelay,hisneighborpickeduptheboxbutannounced“I'lltakethem.”
答案:
Withoutamoment'sdelay,hisneighborpickedupthebox
announced“I'lltakethem.”
4.What'smore,wecangotoworkbybikeonceandtwiceaweek,andwecanalsobuysmallercarsthatburnlessoil.
答案:
What'smore,wecangotoworkbybikeonce
twiceaweek,andwecanalsobuysmallercarsthatburnlessoil.
5.Myteachershadbeentellingmehowgreatmywritingwas.Soiftheyhadsaidwastrue,Iwouldhaveachanceofwinningtheprize.
答案:
Myteachershadbeentellingmehowgreatmywritingwas.Soif
theyhadsaidwastrue,Iwouldhaveachanceofwinningtheprize.
6.ItwasachanceofalifetimetowinthefirstprizeintheStoryWritingShow.AllIhadtodowastowriteastoryorpresentit.
答案:
ItwasachanceofalifetimetowinthefirstprizeintheStoryWritingShow.AllIhadtodowastowriteastory
presentit.
7.ThisishowIneedtoimproveinthefuture.
答案:
Thisis
Ineedtoimproveinthefuture.
8.It'sbeenaweekafterweleftyourfamilyandwearenowbackhome.
答案:
It'sbeenaweek
weleftyourfamilyandwearenowbackhome.
Ⅲ.语法填空
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