大英习题含解释.docx
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大英习题含解释.docx
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大英习题含解释
综合B3Test1答案 (共60minutes)
PartI ReadingComprehension (25minutes)
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,thereisapassagewithseveralblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbank.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
A)picksup
B)temptation
C)given
D)generate
E)involved
F)insteadof
G)Extravagant
H)cuttingup
I)cuttingback
J)endurance
K)covered
L)Asidefrom
M)tolerance
N)exotic
O)pay
I’mnotmakinganywherenearasmuchmoneyasIdidwhenIwasemployedfulltime,butnowwedon’tneedasmucheither.I 1 enoughincometohandleour$600-a-monthmortgagepaymentsplustheusualexpensesforafamilylikeours.Thatincludeseverythingfrommusiclessonsanddentalbillstocarrepairsandcollegecosts.Whenitcomestoinsurance,wehaveapoorman’smajor-medicalpolicy.Wehavetopaythefirst$500ofanymedicalfeesforeachmemberofthefamily.It 2 80%ofthecostsbeyondthat.Althoughwearestuckwithpayingminorexpenses,ourpremiumislow—only$560ayear—andweare 3 againstcatastrophe. 4 thatandthepolicyonourtwocarsat$400ayear,wehavenootherinsurance.Butwearesettingaside$2,000ayearinanIRA.
We’vebeenabletomakeupthedifferenceinincomeby 5 withoutappreciablyloweringourstandardofliving.Wecontinuetodineoutonceortwiceamonth,butnowwepatronizelocalrestaurants 6 moreexpensiveplacesinthecity.WestillattendtheoperaandballetinMilwaukeebutonlyafewtimesayear.Weeatlessmeat,drinkcheaperwineandseefewermovies. 7 Christmasesareamemory,andwecombinevacationswithstoryassignments…
Isuspectnoteveryonewholovesthecountrywouldbehappylivingthewaywedo.Ittakesacoupleofspecialqualities.Oneisa 8 forsolitude.Becausewearesobusyandonsuchatightbudget,wedon’tentertainmuch.Duringthegrowingseasonthereisnotimeforsocializinganyway.JimandEmilyare 9 inschoolactivities,buttheytoospendmostoftheirtimeathome.
Theotherrequirementisenergy—alotofit.Thewaytomakeself-sufficiencyworkonasmallscaleistoresistthe 10tobuyatractorandotherexpensivelaborsavingdevices.Instead,youdotheworkyourself.Theonlymachineryweown(notcountingthelawnmower)isalittlethree-horsepowerrotarycultivatoranda16-inchchainsaw.
1-5DAKLI6-10FGMEB
SectionB
Directions:
Thereareseveralpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.
PassageOne
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Geneticallymodifiedfoods(orGMfoods转基因食品)arefoodsderivedfromgeneticallymodifiedorganisms.GeneticallymodifiedorganismshavehadspecificchangesintroducedintotheirDNAbygeneticengineeringtechniques.GMfoodswerefirstputonthemarketintheearly1990s.Typically,geneticallymodifiedfoodsaretransgenicplantproducts:
soybean,corn,canola,andcottonseedoil.Animalproductshavealsobeendeveloped,althoughasofJuly2010nonearecurrentlyonthemarket.
CriticshaveobjectedtoGMfoodsonseveralgrounds,includingsafetyissues,ecologicalconcerns,andeconomicconcerns.However,genetically-modifiedfoodsareheretostay.That’snottosaythatfoodproducedbyconventionalagriculturewilldisappear,butsimplythatfood-buyingpatternswillpolarize11(两极分化):
therewillbearightmarketforconventionalfoodjustasthereisfororganicfood.ItmayevenbethatGMfoodwillbecomethefoodofpreferencebecauseconsumerscometoappreciatethehealthbenefitsofreducedpesticideuse12.
ThereasonGMfoodwillnotgoawayisthatweneedathree-foldincrease13infoodproductionbytheyear2050tokeeppacewiththeworld’spredictedpopulationgrowthtotenorelevenbillion.It’snotjustaquestionofmoremouthstofeedeither.Whatisoftenforgottenisthatalltheseextrapeoplewilltakeupspace,reducingtheoveralllandavailableforagriculture.
"Geneticmodificationisanalogoustonuclearpower:
nobodylovesit,butclimatechangehasmadeitsadoptionimperative,"sayseconomistPaulCollierofOxfordUniversity."Declininggeneticmodificationmakesacomplicatedissuemorecomplex.Geneticmodificationoffersbothfastercropadaptationandabiological,ratherthanchemical,approachtoyieldincreases."
Theworldhas800millionhungrypeople.Untilnow,foodsupplieshavebeenincreasedbyimprovedvarieties,pesticidesandartificialfertilizers:
thegreenrevolution.Nowwe’reontheedgeofanewrevolution:
ageneticone.
ItmaywellbethatinthelongtermitisthedevelopingworldthatbenefitsmostfromGMfoods.It’struethatforthenexttenyearsorsoGMcropsmaybetooexpensive.Butthelessonofpersonalcomputersisapplicablehere—oncethetechnologyhasbeendevelopedforprofitablecrops,itwillspreadandbecomeaffordableforall14.Thisdoesn’tmean,unfortunately,thatfamineswilldisappear,butseverityanddurationwillbehelpedbyanimprovedabilitytoproduceanddistributefood.
11.TheintroductionofGMfoodwillaffect_____.
A)food-pricingstandard
B)food-buyingpatterns 结果推断题
C)food-suppliesscale
D)food-productionefficiency
12.ConsumerspreferGMfoodtoconventionalfoodbecause_____.
A)GMfoodreceiveslesspesticideapplication 原因推断题
B)GMfoodismorenutritiousthanorganicfood
C)GMfoodischeaperthanconventionalfood
D)Conventionalfoodisfreefromchemicals
13.Iftheworldpopulationgrowstotenorelevenbillionbytheyear2050,_____.
A)ageneticrevolutionwilltakeoverthegreenrevolution
B)theoveralllandavailableforagriculturewillrunout
C)thenumberofhungrypeoplewillriseto800million
D)foodproductionshouldbeincreasedtothreetimesthatoftoday 词义(数字)推断题
14."Butthelessonofpersonalcomputersisapplicablehere"(inthelastparagraph)probablymeansthat______.
A)oncethetechnologicalinnovationisinprogress,itscostwillbereduced
B)oncethetechnologyhasbeenturnedintoproductivity,itwillbecomepopular
C)oncethetechnologyhasbeendevelopedforprofitableproducts,itwillenterintoourdailylife 句子释义推断题
D)oncethetechnologyhasbeenimprovedtomeetthedemandsofthedevelopingworld,itwillbeaffordable
15.WecaninferfromthepassagethatGMfoodwill_____
A)betooexpensivetoafford
B)keeptheworldfromstarvation
C)bewell-acceptedbysomeconsumers 主旨推断题
D)eventuallyreplaceconventionalfood
PassageTwo
Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
TheradicaltransformationoftheSovietsocietyhadaprofoundimpactonwomen’slives.SovietwomenunderStalinwerealsothefirstgenerationofwomenabletogivebirthinthesafetyofahospital,withaccesstoprenatalcare(产检).Marxistshadtraditionallybelievedthatbothcapitalismandthemiddle-classhusbandsexploitedwomen.TheRussianRevolutionof1917immediatelyproclaimedcompleteequalityofrightsforwomen.Inthe1920sdivorceandabortionweremadeeasilyavailable,andwomenwereurgedtoworkoutsidethehomeandliberatethemselvessexually.AfterStalincametopower,sexualandfamilialliberationwasplayeddown,andthemostlastingchangesforwomeninvolvedworkandeducation.
Thesechangesweretrulyrevolutionary.Youngwomenwereconstantlytoldthattheyhadtobeequaltomen,thattheycouldandshoulddoeverythingmencoulddo.PeasantwomeninRussiahadlongexperiencedtheequalityofbackbreakingphysicallaborinthecountryside,andtheycontinuedtoenjoythatequalityoncollectivefarms.Withtheadventofthefive-year-plans,millionsofwomenalsobegantotoilinfactoriesandinheavyconstruction,buildingdams,roadsandsteelmillsinsummerheatandwinterfrost.Mostoftheopportunitiesopentomenthrougheducationwerealsoopentowomen.Determinedwomenpursuedtheirstudiesandenteredtheranksofthebetter-paidspecialistsinindustryandscience.Medicinepracticallybecameawoman’sprofession.By1950,75percentofdoctorsintheSovietUnionwerewomen.
ThusStalinistsocietygavewomengreatopportunitiesbutdemandedgreatsacrificesaswell.Thevastmajorityofwomensimplyhadtoworkoutsidethehome.Wagesweresolowthatitwasalmostimpossibleforafamilyorcoupletoliveonlyonthehusband’searnings.Moreover,thefull-timeworkingwomanhadaheavyburdenofhouseholdtasksinheroffhours,formostSovietmeninthe1930sstillconsideredthehomeandthechildrenthewoman’sresponsibility.Mencontinuedtomonopolizethebestjobs.Finally,rapidchangeandeconomichardshipledtomanybrokenfamilies,creatingfurtherphysical,emotional,andmentalstrainsforwomen.Inanyevent,theoften-neglectedhumanresourceofwomenwasmobilizedinStalinistsociety.
16.ThemainideaofthispassageisthatwomeninStalinistsociety________.
A)hadeconomicopportunitiesthathadneverbeenavailablebefore
B)haddifficultybalancingtheirworkandfamilyresponsibilities
C)hadnewopportunitiesbutalsomanyhardships
D)movedquicklyintothehighestlevelsofgovernment
17.Inthelastparagraph,monopolizeprobablymeans_____.
A)hold
B)earn
C)leave
D)pay
18.Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingth
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- 大英 习题 解释