最新英语划分句子成分句式练习题无答案word文档.docx
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最新英语划分句子成分句式练习题无答案word文档.docx
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最新英语划分句子成分句式练习题无答案word文档
英语句子成分
(一)句子主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
(二)主语:
主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:
划出主语并说出什么词充当的主语
Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.
WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.
Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.
Therichshouldhelpthepoor.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.
WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.
(三)谓语:
动词做谓语,谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
谓语的构成如下:
1、简单谓语:
由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如:
Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.
2、复合谓语:
(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如:
Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.
(2)由系动词加表语构成。
如:
Wearestudents.
(四)表语:
表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句表示。
例如:
划出表语并说出有什么词充当
OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.Isityours?
Theweatherhasturnedcold.Thespeechisexciting.
Threetimessevenistwentyone?
HisjobistoteachEnglish.
Hishobbyisplayingfootball.Themachinemustbeoutoforder.
Timeisup.Theclassisover.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.
(五)宾语:
宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
例如:
Theywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.
Theheavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.
Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.Hepretendednottoseeme.
Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.
宾语种类:
(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:
Lendmeyourdictionary,please.
2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:
Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.
(六)宾语补足语:
英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。
带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:
某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。
宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
例如:
HisfathernamedhimDongming.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.
Letthefreshairin.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.
Wesawherenteringtheroom.Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.
Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.
(七)定语:
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
定语可由以下等成分表示:
名词,形容词,代词,分词,动名词,不定式短语,介词短语等
例如:
找出定语并看由何种成分充当:
Guilinisabeautifulcity.
Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.
Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.
HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.
Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.
Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.
HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.
(八)状语:
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。
可由以下形式表示:
Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副词及副词性词组)
Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介词短语)
Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短语)
Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分词短语)
Waitaminute.(名词)
Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(状语从句)
状语种类如下:
Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?
(时间状语)
Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.(原因状语)
Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.(条件状语)
MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.(地点状语)
Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.(方式状语)
Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.(伴随状语)
Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.(目的状语)
Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.(结果状语)
Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.(让步状语)
Iamtallerthanheis.(比较状语)
英语句子结构
英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。
这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。
换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。
这五个基本句式如下:
S十V主谓结构Herunsquickly
S十V十F主系表结构Heseemsinterestedinthebook常见的系动词有:
look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fallill/asleep,stand/sitstill,become,turn等
S十V十O主谓宾结构Theyfoundtheirhomeeasily.
S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构Heofferedmehisseat/hisseattome.带双宾语的动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get;rob,warn等
S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构TheynamedtheboyCharlie.
说明:
S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾
练习
一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:
1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.
2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.
3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.
4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!
5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.
6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.
7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.
8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.
9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.
10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.
11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.
12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.
13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.
14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?
15.Tobehonest,yourpronunciationisnotsogood.
16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?
17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.
18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.
19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.
20.Theapplestastedsweet.
二、分析下列句子成分
1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou
3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.
5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.
7.Iloveyoumorethanher,child.8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.
9.Theypushedthedooropen.10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.
三.划分句子成分练习题
(1)
1.Theyareworkingonthefarmnow.
2.Seeingisbelieving
3.AllofuslikeKobeBryantverymuch
4.Shebecameadoctorin2019
5.Thebooklyingontheflooraremine
6.Suddenlyitbeginstorain
7.Tocatchthetrain,Igotupearlyyesterday
8.Ialwaysfindherhappy
9.HewondersIfIstillstudyEnglish
10.TheletterwhichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterdaywasafriendofmine
11.WealwaysworkhardatEnglish.
12.Hesaidhedidn'tcome.
13.Shewatchedherdaughterplayingthepiano.
14.Speakingdoesn'tmeandoing.
15.ByethetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.
16.Thechildrenboughttheirparentsacarforthe25thanniversaryoftheirmarriage.
17.Ittakesmeanhourtogetthere.
语法填空强化练习
(1)
Inthepastagentlemanwouldofferhisseat__
(1)__aladyonacrowdedbus.Butnow,hewillprobablylookoutofthewindoworhidebehindhisnewspaper,__
(2)__(leave)theladystanding__(3)__someoneelsegetsoff.Youcan’tentirelyblamemenforthischangeinmanners.__(4)__(go)arethedayswhenwomencouldbereferredtotheweak.Awholegenerationhasgrownupdemanding__(5)__(equal)withmeninjobs,ineducationandinsociallife.Holdadoorforsomewomen__(6)__youarelikelytoget__(7)__angrylectureontreatingwomen__(8)__weaklings.Takeagirloutforamealandshe’llprobablyinsistonpaying__(9)__shareofthebill.Allthese,accordingtosomesociologists,willchangemen’sattitudetowardswomenandtheconventionalactivepolitenessisperhapsslowlybeing__(10)__(replace)bytrueconsiderationfortheneedsandfeelingofwomen,sothatmencanseewomenasequalhumanbeings.
语法填空强化练习
(2)
InthesmalltownsoftheUnitedStatesinthe__
(1)__(nineteen)century,thegeneralstorewas__
(2)__everyoneboughtthethingshecouldn’tmake__(3)__growathome.Whatthestoressold__(4)__(tell)agreatdealabout__(5)__lifeatthattime.Peopleboughttoolsthattheyneededforfarmwork;salt,sugarand__(6)__foodsthatthefarmdidn’tproduce;articlesofclothingthattheycouldn’tmake__(7)__;shirtsforthemen;orclothesforthechildren.Lifewassimplethen.Onefeelsthatpeoplewere__(8)__(thank)forwhattheyhadandthattheylooked__(9)__withcouragetowhateverthefuturebrought.Itwouldbeinterestingtoknowhowtheywouldfeelaboutthelifetoday.Woulditseemtothemthatlifeistoocomplex?
Wouldtheyenjoy__(10)__(live)alifeaswedonow?
语法填空强化练习(3)
Doyoufeel__
(1)__difficulttobehappyallthetime?
NowI’llgiveyousometips__
(2)__howtomakeyourselfhappy.Onewayisbeing__(3)__(self)becauseunselfishnessisthekeyfactor__(4)__(require)ifyouwanttogetalongwellwithothers.By__(5)__(say)beingunselfishwemeanwe__(6)__notwanteverythingourownwayordemandthebestshareofeverything.Anotherwayistolookforgoodpointsin__(7)__people.You’llfindmostpeoplepleasanttogowithanditwillsurelymakeyouhappy.Third,youcannotexpecttobetooperfect,__(8)__don’tbetoounhappywhenyoumakeamistake.EverythingwillbeOKifyoutrytomakethingsright.Finally,itisimportanttorememberthatwhileyouareno__(9)__(bad)thanothers,chancesyouhavemaynotbemuchbetter.Inthiscase,__(10)__surestwaytobehappyistothinkyourselfaboveotherpeople.
英语句子成分分析相关练习
综合练习一
Exercises:
分析下列句子的句子结构
1.weareworking.。
2.Icanswimverywell.
3.Thewaiterbroughtabottleofbeertome.
4.Whydoesthewindblow?
5.Therainhasbeenpullingdownforawholeday.
6.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.
7.Jimaskedyoutogivehisbestwishestoeveryone.
8.Youmustgetthecarreadybytomorrow.
9.Ihavealotofclothestowash.
10.Hegavehissonsomeadviceonreading.
11.Readmethefirstparagraph.
12.I’veorderedsomesoupforyou.
13.HebeganleaningEnglishtenyearsago.
14.Mybeinglateworriedmyteacher.
15.Thepresidenthimselfwouldvisitourschool.
16.Aprilfool’Dayisthespecialdayoftheyear
17.Heusuallytakesanapafterlunch.
18.Igotitbackatonce.
19.Hefinishedlunchandwentintothegarden.
20.Thetelephonerang.
21.Westudyhard.
22.Hisfathermighthavedied.
23.Willyouleavethedooropen/unclosed
24.Canyoumakethedogstandstill?
25.Thelandlordhadthemworkingdayandnight.
26.Asoundknowledgeofgrammarisimportanttogoodwriting.
27.Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.
28.Iwokeupat6:
00inthemorning.
29.Thebookweighsfivekilos.
30.TheywillbeflyingtoLondon.
综合练习二
Exercises:
分析下列句子的句子结构
31.Theshopassistantfoundsomecertainmaterialsforme.
32.HepromisedmeanewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.
33.Pleasepas
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