口译金融词汇.docx

口译金融词汇.docx

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口译金融词汇

A

安全网safetynet

按可比口径oncomparablebasis

按轻重缓急toprioritize

暗补implicitsubsidy

暗亏hiddenloss

B

颁发营业执照tolicense;tograntalicenceto

办理存款业务totakedeposits

保护农民的生产积极性toprotectfarmers'incentivetoproduce

备付金（超额准备金）excessreserves

本外币并账consolidationofdomesticandforeigncurrencyaccounts

本外币对冲操作sterilizationoperation

本位利益localizedinterest;departmentalism

奔小康tostrivetoprosper;tostrivetobecomewell-to-do

避税（请见“逃税”）taxavoidance

币种搭配不当currencymismatch

币种构成currencycomposition

变相社会集资disguisedirregular（orillegal）fundraising

表外科目（业务）off-balance-sheetitems（operation）

薄弱环节weaknesses;loopholes

不变成本fixedcost

不变价atconstantprice;inrealterms

不动产realestate

不良贷款（资产）problemloans；non-performingloans（assets）

C

财务公司financecompanies

财政赤字fiscaldeficit

财政挤银行fiscalpressureonthecentralbank（overmonetarypolicy）

财政政策与货币政策的配合coordinationoffiscalandmonetarypolicies

采取循序渐进的方法inaphasedandsequencedmanner

操作弹性operationalflexibility

操纵汇率tomanipulateexchangerate

产品构成productcomposition;productmix

产品积压stockpile;excessiveinventory

产销率currentperiodinventory;（即期库存，不含前期库存）sales/outputratio

产销衔接marketability

产业政策industrialpolicy

长期国债treasurybonds

敞口头寸openposition

炒股tospeculateinthestockmarket

承购包销underwrite（securities）

成套机电产品completesetsofequipment;completeplant（s）

城市信用社urbancreditcooperatives（UCCs）

城市合作银行urbancooperativebanks;municipalunitedbanks

城市商业银行municipalcommercialbanks

城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅realgrowthinhouseholdincome

持续升温persistentoverheating

重复布点duplicateprojects

重置成本replacementcost

重组计划restructuringplan

筹资渠道fundingsources;financingchannels

初见成效initialsuccess

出口统一管理、归口经营canalizationofexports

出口退税exporttaxrebate

储蓄存款householddeposits（不完全等同于西方的savingsdeposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。

）

储蓄分流diversionofhouseholddeposits

储源萎缩declineintheavailabilityofhouseholdsavings

传导机制transmissionmechanism

从价税advaloremtax

从紧控制tightcontrol

存贷款比例loan/depositratio

存款保险体系depositinsurancesystem

存款货币银行depositmoneybanks

存款准备金requiredreserves

D

打白条issueIOU

大额存单certificateofdeposit（CD）

大额提现withdrawdepositsinlargeamounts

大面积滑坡wide-spreaddecline

大一统的银行体制（all-in-one）mono-banksystem

呆账（请见“坏账”）badloans

呆账准备金loanlossreserves（provisions）

呆滞贷款idleloans

贷款沉淀non-performingloans

贷款分类loanclassification

贷款限额管理creditcontrol;toimposecreditceiling

贷款约束机制creditdisciplinary（constraint）mechanism

代理国库toactasfiscalagent

代理金融机构贷款makeloansonbehalfofotherinstitutions

戴帽贷款ear-markedloans

倒逼机制reversedtransmissionofthepressureforeasingmonetarycondition

道德风险moralhazard

地区差别regionaldisparity

第一产业theprimaryindustry

第二产业thesecondaryindustry

第三产业theserviceindustry;thetertiaryindustry

递延资产deferrableassets

订货不足insufficientorders

定期存款timedeposits

定向募集raisingfundsfromtargetedsources

东道国（请见“母国”）hostcountry

独立核算independentaccounting

短期国债treasurybills

对冲操作sterilizationoperation;hedging

对非金融部门债权claimsonnon-financialsector

多种所有制形式diversifiedownership

E

恶性通货膨胀hyperinflation

二级市场secondarymarket

F

发行货币toissuecurrency

发行总股本totalstockissue

法定准备金requiredreserves;reserverequirement

法人股institutionalshares

法人股东institutionalshareholders

法治ruleoflaw

房地产投资realestateinvestment

放松银根toeasemonetarypolicy

非现场稽核off-sitesurveillance（ormonitoring）

非银行金融机构non-bankfinancialinstitutions

非赢利性机构non-profitorganizations

分税制assignmentofcentralandlocaltaxes;taxassignmentsystem

分业经营segregationoffinancialbusiness（services）;divisionofbusinessscopebasedonthetypeoffinancialinstitutions

风险暴露（风险敞口）riskexposure

风险管理riskmanagement

风险意识riskawareness

风险资本比例risk-weightedcapitalratios

风险资本标准risk-basedcapitalstandard

服务事业收入publicservicecharges;user'scharges

扶贫povertyalleviation

负增长negativegrowth

复式预算制double-entrybudgeting;capitalandcurrentbudgetaryaccount

G

改革试点reformexperimentation

杠杆率leverageratio

杠杆收购leveragedbuyout

高息集资toraisefundsbyofferinghighinterest

个人股non-institutionalshares

根本扭转fundamentalturnaround（orreversal）

公开市场操作openmarketoperations

公款私存depositpublicfundsinpersonalaccounts

公用事业publicutilities

公有经济thestate-ownedsector;thepublicsector

公有制publicownership

工业成本利润率profit-to-costratio

工业增加值industrialvalueadded

供大于求supplyexceedingdemand;excessivesupply

鼓励措施incentives

股份合作企业joint-equitycooperativeenterprises

股份制企业joint-equityenterprises

股份制银行joint-equitybanks

固定资产贷款fixedassetloans

关税减免tariffreductionandexemption

关税减让tariffconcessions

关税优惠tariffincentives;preferentialtarifftreatment

规范行为toregularize（orstandardize）…behavior

规模效益economiesofscale

国计民生nationalinterestandpeople'slivelihood

国家对个人其他支出othergovernmentoutlaystoindividuals

国家风险countryrisk

国际分工internationaldivisionoflabor

国际收支balanceofpayments

国有独资商业银行whollystate-ownedcommercialbanks

国有经济（部门）thestate-owned（orpublic）sector

国有企业state-ownedenterprises（SOEs）

国有制state-ownership

国有资产流失erosionofstateassets

国债回购governmentsecuritiesrepurchase

国债一级自营商primaryunderwritersofgovernmentsecurities

过度竞争excessivecompetition

过度膨胀excessiveexpansion

过热迹象signsofoverheating

H

合理预期rationalexpectation

核心资本corecapital

合资企业joint-ventureenterprises

红利dividend

宏观经济运营良好soundmacroeconomicperformance

宏观经济基本状况macroeconomicfundamentals

宏观调控macroeconomicmanagement（oradjustment）

宏观调控目标macroeconomicobjectives（ortargets）

坏账baddebt

还本付息debtservice

换汇成本unitexportcost;localcurrencycostofexportearnings

汇兑在途fundsinfloat

汇兑支出advancepaymentofremittancebythebeneficiary'sbank

汇率并轨unificationofexchangerates

活期存款demanddeposits

汇率失调exchangeratemisalignment

混合所有制diversified（mixed）ownership

货币政策态势monetarypolicystance

货款拖欠overdueobligationstosuppliers

J

基本建设投资investmentininfrastructure

基本经济要素economicfundamentals

基本适度broadlyappropriate

经济金融术语汉英对照表（续表二）

所有者权益owner'sequity

T

逃税（请见“避税”）taxevasion

套汇

（1）指合法：

currencyswap;arbitrage

（2）指非法：

illegalpurchaseofforeignexchange

剔除季节性因素seasonallyadjusted

调节流动性toinfluenceliquiditylevel

贴现窗口discountwindow

同比onyear-on-yearbasis;overthesameperiodofthepreviousyear

同业拆借（放）inter-bankborrowing（lending）

同业拆借市场利率（中国）CHIBOR（Chinainter-bankofferedrate）

同业融通票据inter-bankfinancingbills

同业往来inter-banktransactions

透支overdraft

退税taxrefund（rebate）

头寸position

吞吐基础货币adjustmentofmonetarybase

脱媒现象disintermediation

W

外部审计externalaudit

外国直接投资foreigndirectinvestment（FDI）

外汇储备foreignexchangereserves

外汇调剂foreignexchangeswap

外汇占款theRMBcounterpartofforeignexchangereserves;theRMBequivalentofoffcialforeignexchangeholdings

外向型经济export-orientedeconomy

外债externaldebt

外资企业foreign-fundedenterprises

完善现代企业制度toimprovethemodernenterprisesystem

完税凭证taxpaymentdocumentation

违法经营illegalbusiness

委托存款entrusteddeposits

稳步增长steadygrowth

稳健的银行系统asoundbankingsystem

稳中求进tomakeprogresswhileensuringstability

无纸交易book-entry（orpaperless/scriptless）transaction

物价监测pricemonitoring

X

吸纳流动性toabsorbliquidity

稀缺经济scarcityeconomy

洗钱moneylaundering

系统内调度fundallocationwithinabank

系统性金融危机systemicfinancialcrisis

下岗工人laid-offemployees

下游企业down-streamenterprises

现场稽核on-siteexamination

现金滞留（居民手中）cashheldoutsidethebankingsystem

乡镇企业townshipandvillageenterprises（TVEs）

消费物价指数consumerpriceindex（CPI）

消费税excise（consumption）tax

消灭财政赤字tobalancethebudget;toeliminatefiscaldeficit

销货款回笼reflowofcorporatesalesincometothebankingsystem

销售平淡lacklustersales

协议外资金额committedamountofforeigninvestment

新经济增长点newsourcesofeconomicgrowth

新开工项目newprojects;newlystartedprojects

新增贷款incrementalcredit;loanincrement;creditgrowth;creditexpansion

新增就业位置newjobs;newjobopportunities

信贷规模考核reviewthecompliancewithcreditceilings

信号失真distortedsignals

信托投资公司trustandinvestmentcompanies

信息不对称informationasymmetry

信息反馈feedback（information）

信息共享系统informationsharingsystem

信息披露informationdisclosure

信用扩张credirexpansion

信用评级creditrating

姓“资”还是姓“社”pertainingtosocialismorcapitalism;socialistorcaptialist

行政措施administrativemeasures

需求膨胀demandexpansion;excessivedemand

虚伪存款window-dressingdeposits

削减冗员toshedexcesslaborforce

寻租rentseeking

迅速反弹quickrebound

Y

养老基金pensionfund

一刀切universalapplication;non-discretionaryimplementation

一级市场primarymarket

应收未收利息overdueinterest

银行网点bankingoutlets

赢利能力profitability

营业税businesstax

硬贷款（商业贷款）commercialloans

用地审批tograntlanduseright

有管理的浮动汇率managedfloatingexchangerate

证券投资portfolioinvestment

游资（热钱）hotmoney

有市场的产品marketableproducts

有效供给effectivesupply

诱发新一轮经济扩张triggeranewroundofeconomicexpansion

逾期贷款overdueloans;past-dueloans

与国际惯例接轨tobecomecompatiblewithinternationallyaccepted

与国际市场接轨tointegratewiththeworldmarket

预算外支出（收入）off-budget（extra-budgetary）expenditure（revenue）

预调pre-emptiveadjustment

月环比onamonth-on-monthbasis;onamonthlybasis

Z

再贷款centralbanklending

在国际金融机构储备头寸reservepositionininternationalfinancialinstitutions

在人行存款depositsat（with）thecentralbank

在途资金fundinfloat

增加农业投入toincreaseinvestmentinagriculture

增势减缓decelerationofgrowth;moderationofgrowthmomentum

增收节支措施revenue-enhancingandexpenditurecontrolmeasures

增长平稳steadygrowth

增值税value-addedtax（VAT）

涨幅偏高higher-than-desirablegrowthrate;excessivegrowth

账外账concealedaccounts

折旧depreciation

整顿retrenchment;consolidation

政策工具policyinstrument

政策性业务policy-relatedoperations

政策性银行policybanks

政策组合policymix

政府干预governmentintervention

证券交易清算settlementofsecuritiestransactions

证券业务占款fundingofse