高考英语易错题专题训练阅读理解练习题.docx
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高考英语易错题专题训练阅读理解练习题.docx
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高考英语易错题专题训练阅读理解练习题
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Mostadultsfindithardtorecalleventsfromtheirfirstfewyearsoflifeandnowscientistshavefoundexactlywhenthesechildhoodmemoriesfade(消失).
Anewstudyhasfoundthatmostthree-year-oldscanrecallalotofwhathappenedtothemoverayearearlier,andthesememoriespersistwhiletheyarefiveandsix,butbythetimetheyareoverseven,thesememoriesdecline(衰退)rapidly.
Mostchildrenbytheageofeightorninecanonlyrecall35%oftheirexperiencesfromundertheageofthree,accordingtothenewfindings.
Thescientistsbehindtheresearchsaythisisbecauseataroundthisagethewayweformmemoriesbeginstochange.Theysaythatbeforetheageofsevenchildrendonothaveasenseoftimeandplaceintheirmemories.Inolderchildren,however,theearlyeventstheycanrecalltendtobemoreadult-likeinthewaytheyareformed.Childrenalsohaveafarfasterrateofforgettingthanadults.Thefindingsalsohelptoexplainwhychildrencanoftenhaveclearmemoriesofeventsbutthenforgetthemjustacoupleofyearslater.
Theyoungstersfirstvisitedthelaboratoryattheageofthreeanddiscussedsixuniqueeventsfromtheirpast,suchasfamilyoutings,tripstothezoo,andthefirstdayofschool.Thechildrenthenreturnedforasecondsessionbetweentheagesoffiveandninetodiscussthesameevents.Theresearchersfoundthatbetweentheagesoffiveandseven,theamountofmemoriesthechildrencouldrecallremainedbetween63-72percent.However,theamountofinformationeight-tonine-year-oldchildrencouldrecalldroppedto35and36percent.
(1)Whatdoesthenewstudytellus?
A.Childhoodmemoriesdeclinewithyears.
B.Three-year-oldkidsarethecleverest.
C.Childhoodmemoriescanfadeeasily.
D.Someadultscannotrecallpastevents.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"persist"inParagraph2mean?
A.Change.
B.Remain.
C.Appear.
D.Return.
(3)WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?
A.Adultscannothaveclearmemoriesofpastevents.
B.Childrencanthinklikeadultswhentheygetolder.
C.Childrenunder7yearsoldhavedifferentwaysofformingmemories.
D.Childrenoftenforgetthingsbecausetheyhavenoideaoftimeorplace.
(4)Inthesecondsession,nine-year-oldchildren_________.
A.refusedtodiscussthesameevents
B.rememberedalltheirfamilyoutings
C.couldrecall72percentoftheirpastevents
D.onlyrememberedasmallpartoftheirpastevents
【答案】
(1)A
(2)B
(3)D
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了记忆消失的一些知识。
大多数三岁的孩子都能回忆起一年前发生在他们身上的许多事情,这些记忆在五岁和六岁时依然存在,但到七岁以上时,这些记忆会迅速衰退。
在七岁之前,孩子们在记忆中没有时间感和位置感。
在5到7岁之间,孩子们能回忆起的记忆量保持在63%到72%之间。
然而,8至9岁儿童能够回忆起的信息量下降到35%和36%。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段“Anewstudyhasfoundthatmostthree-year-oldscanrecallalotofwhathappenedtothemoverayearearlier,andthesememoriespersistwhiletheyarefiveandsix,butbythetimetheyareoverseven,thesememoriesdecline(衰退)rapidly.”一项新的研究发现,大多数三岁的孩子都能回忆起一年前发生在他们身上的许多事情,这些记忆在他们五岁和六岁时仍然存在,但当他们超过七岁时,这些记忆迅速衰退。
可知新研究告诉了我们童年时的记忆随年龄而衰退。
故选A。
(2)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“butbythetimetheyareoverseven,thesememoriesdecline(衰退)rapidly.”到七岁以上时,这些记忆会迅速衰退,可知这些记忆在五岁和六岁时依然存在,故划线单词persist的意思是:
存在,保留。
故选B。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“Theysaythatbeforetheageofsevenchildrendonothaveasenseoftimeandplaceintheirmemories.”他们说在七岁之前,孩子们在记忆中没有时间感和位置感。
可知孩子们经常忘记事情,因为他们没有时间感位置感,故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“ However,theamountofinformationeight-tonine-year-oldchildrencouldrecalldroppedto35and36percent.”然而,8至9岁儿童能够回忆起的信息量下降到35%和36%。
可知在第二阶段,九岁的孩子只记得他们过去的一小部分事情。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,同时根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Somethingsshouldjustbecommonknowledgebynow.TheEarthisn'tflat.Nope,yourhairandnailsdon'tgrowafteryoudie.TheholesatthetopofBicbiropensaretheresothat,ifyouswallowoneaccidentally,youcanstillbreatheandwon'tchoketodeath.It'sdebatablewhetherthatlastonethereiscommonknowledgeornot.AquickGooglesearchofthefact,rewrittenasaquestion,showsarticlesaddressingthispointgoingbackseveralyears,withthelatest(re)appearingjustthisweekoveronScienceAlert.Wesupposeit'soneofthosethingsthatcomeupfromtimetotime,likewhatwouldhappenifyouattackYellowstonewithanuclearweapon(notmuch,asitturnsout).
IfyoujumpovertoBic'swebsite,undertheirFAQs(frequentlyaskedquestions),itquiteclearlystates:
"ThereasonthatsomeBIC®penshaveaholeintheircapistopreventthecapfromcompletelyobstructingtheairwayifaccidentallybreathedin.ThisisrequestedbytheinternationalsafetystandardsISO11540,exceptforincaseswherethecapisconsideredtoolargetobeachokingrisk."
That'sratherlovelyofthem.Inappreciationoftheirwanttonotkillofftheirmoreclumsycustomers,wethoughtwe'dshareafewmorerandomfactsab
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