英语阅读理解专题练习及答案及解析.docx

英语阅读理解专题练习及答案及解析.docx

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英语阅读理解专题练习及答案及解析

英语阅读理解专题练习（及答案）及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Toeatonlyavegan（素食的）dietmightsounddifficult,especiallywithmanypopulardishescontainingmeatorotheranimalproducts.Yetin2017,veganismwasdescribedas“thefastest-growinglifestylemovement”intheUK,accordingtoBBCnews.

   AstudybyaUKmarketresearchorganization,suggeststhatover542,000Britswentveganduringthepreviousdecade,anincreaseof360%.Andthemainforcebehindthisincreasewasthoseaged15-34yearsold—42%ofrecentvegansfallunderthatagerange.

   SowhyexactlyhasveganismbecomesopopularamongyoungBrits?

   Onereasoncouldbethatmanyyoungpeoplewanttoprotecttheenvironment,aslessmeatconsumptionisknowntobebeneficialtotheenvironment.Globalmeatmanufacturingisbelievedtocause18%oftheworld'sgreenhousegasemissions（排放）,evenmorethanthatofalltheworld'scars,trainsandplanescombined.Anotherreasonisthatmanyoftoday'syoungpeoplebelievethatit'swrongtokillanimalstobeusedasfood.

   JessMurray,22,astudentatUniversityCollegeLondon,saidthathechosetobecomeveganafterrealizingthateatinganimalsisachoicethatpeoplemake,ratherthansomethingthatweneedtodotosurvive.“Becomingveganwasanethical（道德的）decision,”hetoldtheGuardian.

   Socialmediaisalsobelievedtohavegivenrisetotheincreaseinveganism.PlatformssuchasFacebookallowyoungveganstoconnectwitheachothermucheasier,whileotherssuchasInstagramhaveledtothecreationof“vegancelebrities（名人）”,whosharelipsonveganlifestyles.

   Despitetherisingofveganism,LauraWyness,anexpertindietandnutrition,saidthatmeatisveryimportantforpeople'shealth.“Astrictvegandietmakesitdifficulttogetsomemineralsandvitaminsthatyourbodyneeds,”WynesstoldBBCnews.

   However,thepopularityofveganismdoesn'tseemtobefading.“Itfeelsmorelikethisissomethingthatissticking.”saidanexpertoftheVeganSociety,aUKcharitythatpromotesveganism.

（1）Whatcanwelearnaboutveganism,“thefastest-growinglifestylemovement”inUK?

A. Ithascreatedmanypopulardishes.               

B. Itisbackedupmainlybyoldpeople.

C. Ithasledtofurthermarketresearch.             

D. Ithasgrownsteeplyinthepast10years.

（2）ThefollowingmayaccountfortheincreaseinveganismEXCEPT       .

A. Youngpeoplepreferanenvironment-friendlylife.         

B. Youngpeoplewanttobecomeethicalcelebrities.

C. Mealmanufacturingcontributesalottotheworld'sgreenhousegas.         

D. Socialmediaallowtheveganmessagetospreadquicklyaround.

（3）Theunderlinedword“sticking”intheIasiparagraphisequalto       inmeaning.

A. important                           

B. special                           

C. lasting                           

D. impressive

（4）Whichofthefollowingwillserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?

A. YoungBritsGoingVegan                                

B. VeganismComesFirst

C. HowtoStartaVeganLifestyle                        

D. VeganismandtheEnvironment

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，过去的十年里素食主义在英国增长迅猛。

这一增长的主要力量是那些年龄在15-34岁之间的年轻人。

其原因可能是由于肉类加工排放的热量大过世界上所有的汽车，火车和飞机的总和，他们认为杀死动物用作食物是不对，年轻人想要保护环境。

另外社会媒体的参与也导致了年轻的素食者的增加。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“AstudybyaUKmarketresearchorganization,suggeststhatover542,000Britswentveganduringthepreviousdecade,anincreaseof360%.”可知，英国市场研究表明，在过去的十年里，素食主义者的人数增长了360%，增长迅猛。

”故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的“Becomingveganwasanethical（道德的）decision,”他们认为素食是道德上的决定，及第六段可知，社交媒体也被认为导致了素食主义的增加的原因之一，因而出现了一些所谓的素食名人来分享他们的生活方式，可知素食主义者的增加不是因为他们想成为道德名人，而是分享素食主义让他们成为“名人”，这不是素质快速发展的原因，因此选B。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据第六段中的“thepopularityofveganismdoesn'tseemtobefading.‘Itfeelsmorelikethisissomethingthatissticking.’”根据转折连词however可知，前后两句意义是相反的。

前面说“素食主义的流行似乎并没有消退”，因此可推断出后一句是反而会持续下去。

故sticking意为”持续”，可知，lasting“持久的，持续的”符合题意，故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

通读全文可知，本文主要讲述过去的十年里素食主义在英国增长迅猛。

这一增长的主要力量是那些年龄在15-34岁之间。

素食主义在英国的年轻人中非常流行的原因可能是年轻人想要保护环境，社会媒体的参与也导致了素食者的增加。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Anewstudysuggestsalinkbetweenexposuretogreeneryandreduceddesiresforalcoholcigaretteandjunkfood.

   Thestudyisthefirsttoinvestigatethepossiblerelationshipsbetweenexposuretonatureanddesiresandnegativeemotions.ResearchersattheUniversityofPlymouth'sSchoolofPsychologysurveyed149respondents（应答者）aged21o65abouttheproportion（比例）ofgreenspaceintheirneighborhood,thepresenceofgreenviewsfromtheirhome,theiraccesstoagardenandhowoftentheyusepublicgreenspace.Thestudyalsoaskedquestionsaboutexperienceswithdepressionandanxiety,aswellasdesiresforthingslikecaffeine,alcoholandnicotine.Participantsratedtheintensity（强度）,imagery,andintrusiveness（侵扰性）oftheirdesiresonan11-pointscale.

   Researchersfoundthepresenceofvisiblegreenspacecontributedtodecreaseddesiresforjunkfood.Theeffectwasparticularlynoticeablewhenmorethan25percentofarespondent'sviewwasgreenery.

   Previousscholarship（学术研究）hasdealtmostlywithexerciseinnature:

A2015studyoutoftheUniversityofMichiganfound90-minutegroupnaturewalkswereeffectiveatcombattingdepressionandrelievingothermooddisorders.Butforpeoplewhostrugglewithaccessibilityordon'thavetimefora90-minutewalk,thisnewstudysuggestsjustlookingoutawindowatatreecanhelpfightoffabadhabit.

   "Ithasbeenknownforsometimethatbeingoutdoorsinnatureislinkedtoaperson'swell-being,"leadauthorLeanneMartinsaidinastatement."Butfortheretobeasimilarassociationwithdesiresfromsimplybeingabletoseegreenspaceaddsanewdimensiontothepreviousresearch."

   A2018studyfromDenmark'sAarhusUniversityforexample,foundthat.Havingaccesstogreenspacethroughoutchildhooddecreasedaperson'sriskofdevelopingmentalhealthproblemsasanadult.

（1）Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Theresultsofthenewstudy.

B.Thepurposeofthenewstudy.

C.Thesignificanceofthenewstudy.

D.Thecontentofthenewstudy.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"combatting"inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Reducing.

B.Developing.

C.Understanding.

D.Encouraging

（3）Accordingtothepassage,thenewstudy_____.

A.mainlyreferredtoexerciseinnature

B.hasenrichedthepreviousresearchtosomedegree

C.wascarriedoutbytheUniversityofMichigan

D.foundexposuretogreeneryhelpedcurementalproblems

（4）nwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?

A.Entertainment

B.BusinessWorld

C.Tech&Science

D.Environment

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究成果---多看绿色植物和吃垃圾食品这两者看似风马牛不相及，可研究结构却表明它们之间存在着一种奇妙的关系：

多看绿色植物能帮助人们克制吃垃圾食品的欲望。

（1）考查段落大意。

根据第二段中的 “Researchers…surveyed149respondentsaged21o65abouttheproportionofgreenspaceintheirneighborhood…”研究人员调查了年龄在21~65岁之间的149名参与者小区内的绿植比例……；以及“Thestudyalsoaskedquestionsaboutexperienceswithdepressionandanxiety…”研究中还问了与抑郁及焦虑有关的问题……等可知，第二段主要介绍了新研究的调查内容，故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据常识可知，在大自然中散步对人体有各种各样的好处，再结合句中出现的“relievingothermooddisorders（缓解其他情绪紊乱）”不难推断出，combattingdepression应表示“减轻抑郁”。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“…addsanewdimension（方面）tothepreviousresearch”为以前的研究增加了新的方面，可知，新的研究在某种程度上丰富了之前的研究成果。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一项科学研究的研究成果，所以该文章最有可能出现在“技术与科学”版块。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

SpanishLanguage&CultureProgram

   Whileimprovingyourlanguageskills,youcanlearnaboutSpanishculture.Withthehelp,ofcoursesinart,tourism,cinemaandmore....taughtinSpanish.

   Place:

Alicante.Spain

   Price:

$3.495

   Dates:

   Program:

fromMay5th.2019toJune1st,2019

   Application:

byMarch1st,2019Withdrawal:

beforeApril1st.2019

   Application:

   Completeapplication

   GPA:

notlessthan2.5.

   $95onlineapplicationfee

   Educationcompleted:

highschoolgraduate

   ProgramDetails

   You'lltake1languagecourseand1culturecourse.languagecoursesmeetfor60classhours/4credits（学分）.Whileculturecoursesmeetfor20hours/1credit.Languageandculturecoursesmeetdaily.Monday-Friday.ActivelearningofyourcoursesmaybescheduledforFridays.

   BeforeyouleaveforAlicante,youwillchooseyourpreferredcoursesandtakealanguageplacementexam.You'llbeadmittedtocoursesbasedontheiravailability.SoitisinyourbestinteresttohaveyourhomeuniversityagreewithmanycoursesbeforeyousetoffforAlicante.Tomakesurethatyoureceivethecreditforthelanguagelevelthatisfitforyou,haveyourhomeuniversitypre-agreewithcoursesatseverallevelsbeforeyouleaveforSpain.Pleaseaskyouradvisoratyourhomeuniversityaboutcreditguidelines.

   WhereYou'llStudyandStay

   LyingononeofSpain'smost.attractivecampuses,theUniversityofAlicanteallowsyoutotakepartinclassesandactivities:

withSpanishandotherinternationalstudents.YoucanchooseCEAhousingorprepareyourownindependenthousing.CEAhousingwillmakeeveryefforttomatchyourhousingrequests.

（1）Whencanyoutakebackyourapplication?

A.OnJune1st.2019.

B.OnApril1st.2019.

C.OnMay5th,2019.

D.OnMarch5th,2019.

（2）Whatcanwelearnaboutthisprogram?

A.Eachofthecoursescosts$95.

B.Highschoolfreshmencanapplyforit.

C.Studentscanget5creditsafterfinishingtheprogram.

D.Activelearningcoursesshouldbebookedaheadoftime.

（3）WhatshouldyoudobeforeleavingforAlicante?

A.Gainasmanycreditsaspossible.

B.Preparemanychoicesofcourses.

C.Improveyourcommunicationskill.

D