高考英语阅读理解训练六.docx
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高考英语阅读理解训练六.docx
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高考英语阅读理解训练六
高考英语阅读理解训练六
Passage1
JuanitoEstrellahasbeenahousekeepingmanagerontheUS-basedlargepassengershipCarnivalSpiritfor18monthsandfeelshehasfoundthesuitablepositioninhiscareer(职业).Hehasalwayswantedtotravel.“IguessIamareallyrestlessspirit.Iliketraveling,sowhenthechancecame,Ijumpedatit,”hesays.
Thechancecameintheformofanewspaperadvertisementforworkoncruiseships(游船).AtthetimeEstrellawasthehousekeepingmanagerataMelbournehotel.Heappliedand,aftertwointerviews,amedicalcheckandpoliceclearance,thejobwashis.
Estrellaisresponsible(负责的)forthecleanlinessoftheship,makingsurethat160crewworkproperly.“Ienjoyitbecausethereisnootherwork—youwakeupeachdayinadifferentplaceandadifferentculture.It'sexcitingwhenyougotothenextcountryandyoudon'tunderstandthelanguage,”hesays.
Estrellalikesbeingbusyandgettingtoknowpeoplefromallovertheworld.The1,000crewcomefrom94countries,andEstrellahaslearntSpanishandalittleCroatian.
Butthereisadownside.“Youcannotgetreallydrunk...becauseyouhavesafetyresponsibilitiestoyourselfandothers,”hesays.“Youdon'treallythinkabouthome.Youstarttothinkabouthomeonlywhenyougetclosertoyourvacationandwonderwhatyou'llbedoing.”
Lifeontheshipisanythingbutcruising.Estrellaandhisfellowsworkatleast10hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Hewarnsthejobisnotforeverybody.“Youhavetolovebeingbusyandbepreparedtoworkeveryday—andtogiveupdrinkingtoomuchalcohol.”Inhissparetime,iftheshipsailsintoaport,Estrellaexploresit,otherwiseheworksoutinthecrew'sgym,goesontheInternetorcallshome.
1.WhatdoweknowaboutEstrella?
A.Heisveryfondoftraveling.
B.Hedoesn'tdrinkwinenow.
C.Hecannotspeakaforeignlanguage.
D.Heusedtobeahousekeepingmanager.
2.Theunderlinedword“downside”inparagraph5probablymeans______.
A.disappointmentB.disadvantageC.failureD.loss
3.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Estrelladoesn'toftenfeelhomesickbecauseofhiswork.
B.Theworkontheshipisnotsuitableforamarriedperson.
C.Estrellacanfindnootherjobexcepttheoneontheship.
D.Thepeopleontheshiparefrom94countries.
4.Inthelastparagraph,thewriterthinksthatlifeontheshipis______.
A.notatiringjourneyatallB.justaninterestingvoyage
C.farfromavoyageforpleasureD.morethanapleasanttravelbysea
Passage2
Howdoesanecosystem(生态系统)work?
Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?
Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves?
Tofindananswer,scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs,notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.
Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator(掠食动物)alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey(猎物),thetwospeciesarestronglylinked;whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,itcansurvivetheextinction(灭绝)ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare,theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.
Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable,wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies﹣includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.
Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop﹣downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean,wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.
Scientistshavebuiltanearly﹣warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally,thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey,scientistssay,becauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint(临界点),itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.
1.Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs?
A.Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.
B.Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.
C.Theapproachestostudyingdiespeciesintheecosystems.
D.Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.
2.Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator________.
A.hasawidefoodchoice
B.caneasilyfindnewprey
C.stickstoonepreyspecies
D.canquicklymovetoanotherplace
3.Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline?
A.Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.
B.Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.
C.Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.
D.Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.
4WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4?
A.Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.
B.Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.
C.Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.
D.Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.
5.Howdoesanearly﹣warningsystemhelpusmaintaintheecologicalbalance?
A.Bygettingillegalpracticesundercontrol.
B.Bystoppingusfromkillinglargepredators.
C.Bybringingthebroken﹣downecosystemsbacktonormal.
D.Bysignalingtheurgentneedfortakingpreventiveaction.
Passage3
FourFreeMobileAppstoHelpYouLearnEnglishFaster
HaveyourealizedthatyoucanputyoursmartphonetoreallygooduseforlearningEnglish?
Hereare4freemobileappsthatwillhelpyoudojustthat.
HelloEnglish
Itcoversalltheaspectsoflanguagelearning,includingvocabulary,translation,grammar,spellings,spokenandreadingskills.ItusesinteractivegamestoteachdifferentEnglishlessonsandoffersnewaudiobooks,latestnews,andbooks.However,youshouldalreadyunderstandbasicEnglishstructuresandalphabets,fortheappcan’thelpyoulearnEnglishfromscratch(从零开始).
Duolingo
IfyouwanttolearnEnglishfromscratch,thenthisistheappyouarelookingfor.DuolingousesinteractivegamestohelpyoulearnEnglish.Forbeginners,theappfocusesonhelpingyoulearnverbs,phrasesandsentences.
Lingbe
Ifyouarereadytopracticeyourspokenskillsinthereal-world,you’llneedLingbe.It’sacommunity-basedappwherepeoplehelpeachotherandsharetheirnativelanguages.ItconnectsyouwithrealpeopleoncallwhoarenativeEnglishspeakers.
HelloTalk
HelloTalkissimilartoLingbeasitconnectsyouwithnativespeakerstohelpimproveyourlanguageskills.However,itaddsafewextrafunctionsthatmightinterestyou.Youcanviewtheinformationaboutuserstofindamatchthatinterestsyou.Additionally,youcanalsosendtextandaudiomessages,andevendovideocallswithotherpeople.
Ifyouareabeginner,startfromDuolingoandthenuseHelloEnglishtotakefullcommandoverthelanguage.ForfluentspokenEnglishlearners,youcantryoutLingbeorHelloTalk.
1.WhatshouldyoualreadyunderstandtouseHelloEnglish?
A.Goodreadingandwritingskills.
B.Basiclisteningandspeakingtips.
C.DifferentEnglishlessonsandbooks.
D.Englishlettersandbasicstructu.res.
2.WhichappisthebestchoiceforanEnglishbeginneratfirst?
A.HelloEnglish.
B.Duolingo.
C.Lingbe.
D.HelloTalk.
3.WhatcanyoudoonLingbe?
A.Readthelatestnews.
B.Enjoytheinteractivegames.
C.PracticeyourspokenEnglish.
D.Talkwithnativespeakersintheflesh.
Passage4
ThereisnobetterwaytoenjoyScottishtraditionsthangoingfishingandtastingalittlebitofwhisky(威士忌)ataquietplaceliketheInverlochyCastle.WhenQueenVictoriavisitedthecastlein1873shewroteinherdiary,“Ineversawalovelierspot.”Andshedidn'tevengofishing.
Scotlandisnoteasilydefined.Incertainmoments,thisquietlandoflakesandgrassesandmountainschangesbeforeyourveryeyes.Wheneveninggentlysweepsthehillsideintoorangelight,therivers,teemingwithfish,canturnintostreamsofgold.AsyousettledownwithjustafishingpoleandabasketonthebankofRiverOrchy,neartheInverlochyCastle,anyfrustration(烦恼)willfloatawayasgentlyasthecirclingwater.It'sjustyouandpurple,pink,whiteflowers,seekingaperfectharmony.Ifyouareanewcomertofishing,learningthebasicsfromafishingguidemayleaveyouwithalifetime'sfun.Formany,fishingismorethanasport;itisanart.
Scotlandoffersinterestingplaceswhereyoucanrestafteralongday'sfishing.Setagainstawildmountainandhiddenbehindwoodland,thebeautifulInverlochyCastleHotelbelowtheNevisisaperfectplacetoseethebeautyofScotland'smountains.BenNevisisthehighestofallBritishmountains,andreachingits1343-metretopisachallenge.Butit'snotjustwhatgoesupthatmatters;whatcomesdownisunique.Morethan900metreshigh,onthemountain'snorthface,liesanall-importantsourceofpurewater.ItsnamecomesfromtheGaeliclanguage“usquebaugh”or“wateroflife”;anditis
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