新高考英语 阅读理解之说明文江苏专用 解析版.docx
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新高考英语 阅读理解之说明文江苏专用 解析版.docx
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新高考英语阅读理解之说明文江苏专用解析版
2021年新高考英语阅读理解之说明文考前押题解析版
一、阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
FormanyCovidpatientswithlong-termsymptoms,onlinesupportgroupshavebeenaninvaluableresource.
Severalgroupshavethousandsofmembers.Inadditiontoconnectingpatientsandadvocatingforbettercare,somegroupsarealsolaunchingtheirownresearcheffortsorcollaboratingwithresearchers.Smallergroupshaveformedtofocusonchildrenorpatientswithspecificsymptoms,suchasheartorneurologicalissues.
AmongthemostactiveisBodyPolitic,asupportgroupthatstartedinlateMarchasasmallInstagramgroupchat.Itnowhasmorethan14,000sign-upsfrompeopleacrosstheworldandmovedtoSlackwhereithasorganizedintomorethan50channelsondifferenttopics.
Thegroupalsolaunchedapatient-ledresearcharm,publishingitsfirstsurveyinMayandcurrentlyworkingonanotherone.
DianaBerrent,a46-year-oldinPortWashington,N.Y.,foundedSurvivorCorps,aFacebookgroupandwebsite,inlateMarchafterbeingdiagnosedwithCovid.HeroriginalmissionwastomobilizerecoveredCovid-19patientstodonateplasma.
Thegroupnowhasmorethan110,000membersandhasbecomeanadvocacygroupforpatientsdealingwithlong-termsymptoms.Thegroupisworkingwithresearchersandlobbyingformorelong-termCovidcarecenters.
AnotherpopularsupportgroupisLongHaulCovidFighters,whichstartedonFacebookinApril.OnceitbecameclearthatsomeCovid-19patientsweren'tgettingbetterevenafterthreemonths,asecondgroupformedinJuneforthoseearlierintheirillness.
“Eachgroupislimitedtoabout5,000members,"saysChelseaAlionar,a37-year-oldlongCovidpatientinKeizer,Ore.,andanadministrator.Ms.Alionarsaystherearenewplansforathirdgroupasthenumberofpatientsgrows.
“OurmissionistoprovidesupportforthosewhosehealthhasbeenaffectedbyCovid-19,topromotepublicawarenessandeducationregardinglengthyCovidrecovery,andtoadvocateforthemedical,mentalhealth,andsocialinterestsoflonghaulCovidsurvivors,"saysMs.Alionar.
1.WhatdoweknowaboutBodyPolitic?
A.Itisthemostactiveonlinesupportgroup.
B.IthasattractedCovidsurvivorsallovertheworld.
C.IthaspublisheditsfirstsurveyinlateMarch.
D.ItworksonInstagramandSlackatthesametime.
2.WhatwasDianaBerrent'sinitialintentionofsettingupSurvivorCorps?
A.Tocureherselfofadisease.
B.Topromotepublicawarenessandeducation.
C.ToprovidesupporttopeoplewhohavesurvivedCovid.
D.TocallonCovidsurvivorstocontributetheirplasma.
3.Whatcanweinferfromthelastbutoneparagraph?
A.Eachofthegroupshasatmost5,000members.
B.ChelseaAlionarhasrecoveredfromCovid-19.
C.MoreonlineCovidsupportgroupswillbeneededinthenearfuture.
D.ThenumberofthepeoplewhosufferfromCovid-19isonthedecrease.
4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Thetaskandresponsibilityoftheonlinesupportgroups.
B.ThesupportforthepeoplesufferingfromCovid.
C.ThewaystodealwithCovid-19inthelongterm.
D.Thetypesoftheonlinesupport.
【答案】
1.B
2.D
3.C
4.A
【分析】这是一篇说明文,文章介绍了几个线上的新冠肺炎长期患者的互助组织。
1.推理判断题。
根据第三段最后一句“Itnowhasmorethan14,000sign-upsfrompeopleacrosstheworld…(现在已经有超过1.4万名来自世界各地的用户注册……)”可知,BodyPolitic吸引了世界各地的新冠肺炎幸存者。
故选B项。
2.细节理解题。
从第五段最后一句“HeroriginalmissionwastomobilizerecoveredCovid-19patientstodonateplasma.”可知,她最初的目标就是要动员康复的新冠患者捐献血浆。
故选D项。
3.推理判断题。
从倒数第二段“Ms.Alionarsaystherearenewplansforathirdgroupasthenumberofpatientsgrows.(Alionar女士表示,随着患者数量的增加,第三组也有了新的计划。
)”可知,随着病人数量的增长,将来可能需要更多的新的互助团队。
故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。
通读全文,结合第一段“FormanyCovidpatientswithlong-termsymptoms,onlinesupportgroupshavebeenaninvaluableresource.(对于许多有长期症状的新冠肺炎患者来说,线上互助组织是宝贵的资源。
)”可知,本文主要介绍了几个线上的新冠肺炎长期患者的互助组织的使命和职责。
故选A项。
B
Whatifyoucouldgiveyourchildaspecialgift?
Agiftthatwasneverthesame,alwayschanging?
Nowwhatifthisgiftwasfree,readilyavailableandlastedforever?
Wheredoyoufindsuchagift?
It'seasy:
Justopenyoureyesandlookupattheskywithyourchild,andyou'lldiscover"thetheatreoveryourheadswhichpresentsallkindsofshows,"or"theartgalleryabove."saysJackBorden,formerBostontelevisionreporterwhofounded"ForSpaciousSkies(FSS)",anon-profiteducationalorganizationwiththepurposeof"stimulatingandsustainingpublicawarenessoftheappearanceofthesky".
Borden'sbigvisionistobringabout"neweyes"inyoungchildrenintermsofhowtheyseethesky.Butthemosteffectiveteachersandinfluencersofchildren—theirparents—needtobecome"skyaware"themselvesinordertopassthegiftalong.
Andthere'stherub.
"Couldyoudescribetheskyrightnow,withoutlookingoutofyourwindow?
Arethereclouds?
Ifso,whatdotheylooklike?
Ninechancesoutof10,youdon'thaveaclueaboutthesky'sappearance,"saysBorden."Weknowthatpeoplearenotlookingatthesky.Iftheyperceivetheskyatall,it'sinthecontextoftheweatherorastronomy."
"Skyawarenessmeansexpandingyourhorizonssothatyoubegintoseethattheskyistheprovince,notjustoftheweatherreporter,butofthephotographer,theartist,thepoet,thedreamer.ofthephysicalscientist."saysBorden.
Andit'stheprovinceofparentsandtheirchildren.
Whatparentdoesn'twanttofosterobservationability,imagination,creativity,curiosityandenvironmentalresponsibilityintheirchildren?
"There'salottothis.There'smoretoitthanIeverdreamed,"saysBorden.
1.Whatisthespecialgiftforchildrenactuallyabout?
A.Anewviewofthesky.B.Anewrelationshiptonature.
C.Agoodrelationshipwithparents.D.Moreknowledgeabouttheweather.
2.WhatdoesBordenthinkofparentsbecoming"skyaware"?
A.Itisalmostimpossible.B.Itisstillunpopularwiththem.
C.Itisunimportantforthem.D.Itisquiteunthinkable.
3.Whyisn'ttheskyjusttheprovinceoftheweatherreporter?
A.Theskyhasagreateffectonpeople'sdailylife.
B.Manyotherpeoplealsoshowinterestintheweather.
C.Manyotherpeoplealsoplayaroleinweatherreport.
D.Theskyalsoproducesvariouseffectsformanyothers.
4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?
A.Borden'sdream.B.Advicetoparents.
C.Benefitsofskyawareness.D.Requirementsforcloudwatching.
【答案】
1.A
2.B
3.D
4.C
【分析】本文属于说明文。
文章介绍推荐给孩子一份免费的礼物,让孩子观察天空,以及这么做的好处。
1.推理判断题。
根据第三段“Borden'sbigvisionistobringabout"neweyes"inyoungchildrenintermsofhowtheyseethesky.(博登的远大愿景是为孩子们带来“新眼睛”,让他们知道如何看待天空)”可知,就如何看天空这方面来说,博登的愿景就是在孩子身上培养对天空有新的看法。
故选A。
2.推理判断题。
根据第三段“Butthemosteffectiveteachersandinfluencersofchildren—theirparents—needtobecome"skyaware"themselvesinordertopassthegiftalong.(但是,最有效的老师和孩子的影响力——他们的父母——需要自己成为“天空意识”,以便把这份礼物传递下去)”可知,孩子的父母需要对天空有足够的认识,以及第四段“Andthere'stherub.(这就是问题所在)”,然后根据第五段“Couldyoudescribetheskyrightnow,withoutlookingoutofyourwindow?
Arethereclouds?
Ifso,whatdotheylooklike?
Ninechancesoutof10,youdon'thaveaclueaboutthesky'sappearance(不透过窗户,你能立刻描述天空吗?
天空有云吗?
如果有的话,是什么样的?
十有八九,对于天空的样子,你一点也不了解)”可推出,很多父母对于天空缺乏观察。
故选B。
3.推理判断题。
根据第六段“Skyawarenessmeansexpandingyourhorizonssothatyoubegintoseethattheskyistheprovince,notjustoftheweatherreporter,butofthephotographer,theartist,thepoet,thedreamer,ofthephysicalscientist.(天空意识就是要拓展你的视野,你开始认识到天空不仅仅是天气预报员的对象,也是摄影师,艺术家,诗人,以及物理学家的对象)”可知,天空也会对其他行业产生影响,故选D。
4.推理判断题。
根据最后一段“Whatparentdoesn'twanttofosterobservationability,imagination,creativity,curiosityandenvironmentalresponsibilityintheirchildren?
"There'salottothis.There'smoretoitthanIeverdreamed,"saysBorden.(有哪位父母不愿意培养孩子的观察能力、想象力、创造力、好奇心和环境责任感呢?
“这有很多。
这比我想象的要复杂得多,”博登说)”可知,本段主要讲述的是天空意识的好处。
故选C。
C
ThestartoftheU.S.Atlantichurricaneseasonisjustovertwoweeksawayandforecastersareexpectingparticularlyhighactivitythisyear.WithwarmerthanusualconditionsexpectedintheNorthAtlanticthissummer,meteorologists(气象学者)havepredictedthattheseasoncouldproduceeightormorehurricanes.
Whileforecasterscannotpredicthowmanyhurricanes—ifany—willmakelandfall,thepotentialfordangerousstormstostrikethesouthernandeasterncoastsbringsanadditionalproblemforauthorities(专家)alreadystrugglingwiththeCOVID-19.
ExpertssaythattheCOVID-19isaffectingthecapabilitiesoftheFederalEmergencyManagementAgency(FEMA)andotherorganizationsinvolvedinrespondingtonaturaldisasters.
RetiredU-S.ArmyLieutenantGeneralJeffreyTalley,whonowleadsglobaleffortsondisastermanagementatIBM'sCenterfortheBusinessofGovernment,saidthatwithFEMAandotherauthoritiesengagedwithrespondingtotheCOVID-19,resourceswillbelimitedifahurricanestrikes.
“Whenwelookatadisaster…Ithinkofitintermsofhowwepreparefor,respondtoandrecoverfromthosetypesofevents,”Talleysaid“Rightnowwe’reinthemiddleoftheresponseofCOVTD-19.Noneofusarereallysurehowlongit'sgoingtolastandhowtheresponsetodisastersisgoingtobedifferent,say,twomonthsfromnow,sixmonthsfromnow,soonandsoforth,”hesaid.
AccordingtoTalley,theCOVID-19couldcomplicatetheresponsetoahurricanebyinterruptingtheflowofemergencysuppliestoareaswheretheyareurgentlyneededatkeymoments.
Socialdistancingandstay-at-homeorderswillalsoforceauthoritiesalongthesouthandeastcoasttorethinkhowtheymanagepeoplewhomustleavetheirhomesintheeventofadisaster.Whilemanystatesarealreadyliftingsomelockdownrestrictions,socialdistancingwillstillbeimportantformanymonthstocome.
1.AccordingtoTalley,howcouldCOVID-19influencetheresponsetoahurricane?
A.Morepeoplewillleavehometofight
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