国际经济学作业答案第三章.docx
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国际经济学作业答案第三章.docx
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国际经济学作业答案第三章
1Chapter3LaborProductivityandComparativeAdvantage—TheRicardianModel
1⏹ MultipleChoiceQuestions
1.Countriestradewitheachotherbecausetheyare_______andbecauseof______.
(a)different,costs
(b)similar,scaleeconomies
(c)different,scaleeconomies
(d)similar,costs
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
C
2.Tradebetweentwocountriescanbenefitbothcountriesif
(a)eachcountryexportsthatgoodinwhichithasacomparativeadvantage.
(b)eachcountryenjoyssuperiortermsoftrade.
(c)eachcountryhasamoreelasticdemandfortheimportedgoods.
(d)eachcountryhasamoreelasticsupplyforthesuppliedgoods.
(e)Both(c)and(d).
Answer:
A
3.TheRicardiantheoryofcomparativeadvantagestatesthatacountryhasacomparativeadvantage
inwidgetsif
(a)outputperworkerofwidgetsishigherinthatcountry.
(b)thatcountry’sexchangerateislow.
(c)wageratesinthatcountryarehigh.
(d)theoutputperworkerofwidgetsascomparedtotheoutputofsomeotherproductishigherinthatcountry.
(e)Both(b)and(c).
Answer:
D
4.Inordertoknowwhetheracountryhasacomparativeadvantageintheproductionofoneparticularproductweneedinformationonatleast____unitlaborrequirements
(a)one
(b)two
(c)three
(d)four
(e)five
Answer:
D
5.Acountryengagingintradeaccordingtotheprinciplesofcomparativeadvantagegainsfromtradebecauseit
(a)isproducingexportsindirectlymoreefficientlythanitcouldalternatively.
(b)isproducingimportsindirectlymoreefficientlythanitcoulddomestically.
(c)isproducingexportsusingfewerlaborunits.
(d)isproducingimportsindirectlyusingfewerlaborunits.
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
B
6.Giventhefollowinginformation:
UnitLaborRequirements
Cloth
Widgets
Home
10
20
Foreign
60
30
(a)Neithercountryhasacomparativeadvantage.
(b)Homehasacomparativeadvantageincloth.
(c)Foreignhasacomparativeadvantageincloth.
(d)Homehasacomparativeadvantageinwidgets.
(e)Homehasacomparativeadvantageinbothproducts.
Answer:
B
7.IfitisascertainedthatForeignusesprison-slavelabortoproduceitsexports,thenhomeshould
(a)exportcloth.
(b)exportwidgets.
(c)exportbothandimportnothing.
(d)exportandimportnothing.
(e)Alloftheabove.
Answer:
A
8.IftheHomeeconomysufferedameltdown,andtheUnitLaborRequirementsineachoftheproductsquadrupled(thatis,doubledto30forclothand60forwidgets)thenhomeshould
(a)exportcloth.
(b)exportwidgets.
(c)exportbothandimportnothing.
(d)exportandimportnothing.
(e)Alloftheabove.
Answer:
A
9.IfwagesweretodoubleinHome,thenHomeshould:
(a)exportcloth.
(b)exportwidgets.
(c)exportbothandimportnothing.
(d)exportandimportnothing.
(e)Alloftheabove.
Answer:
A
10.Iftheworldequilibriumpriceofwidgetswere4Cloths,then
(a)bothcountriescouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.
(b)neithercountrycouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.
(c)eachcountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.
(d)neithercountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.
(e)bothcountrieswillwanttospecializeincloth.
Answer:
A
11.Giventhefollowinginformation:
NumberofUnitsProducedbyoneUnitofLabor
Cloth
Widgets
Home
10
20
Foreign
60
30
(a)Neithercountryhasacomparativeadvantage.
(b)Homehasacomparativeadvantageincloth.
(c)Foreignhasacomparativeadvantageincloth.
(d)Foreignhasacomparativeadvantageinwidgets.
(e)Homehasacomparativeadvantageinbothproducts.
Answer:
C
12.TheopportunitycostofclothintermsofwidgetsinForeignisifitisascertainedthatForeignusesprison-slavelabortoproduceitsexports,thenhomeshould
(a)exportcloth.
(b)exportwidgets.
(c)exportbothandimportnothing.
(d)exportandimportnothing.
(e)Alloftheabove.
Answer:
B
13.IfwagesweretodoubleinHome,thenHomeshould
(a)exportcloth.
(b)exportwidgets.
(c)exportbothandimportnothing.
(d)exportandimportnothing.
(e)Alloftheabove.
Answer:
B
14.Iftheworldequilibriumpriceofwidgetswere4Cloths,then
(a)bothcountriescouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.
(b)neithercountrycouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.
(c)eachcountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.
(d)neithercountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.
(e)bothcountrieswillwanttospecializeincloth.
Answer:
A
15.Iftheworldequilibriumpriceofwidgetswere40cloths,then
(a)bothcountriescouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.
(b)neithercountrycouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.
(c)eachcountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.
(d)neithercountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.
(e)bothcountrieswillwanttospecializeincloth.
Answer:
A
16.Inatwoproducttwocountryworld,internationaltradecanleadtoincreasesin
(a)consumerwelfareonlyifoutputofbothproductsisincreased.
(b)outputofbothproductsandconsumerwelfareinbothcountries.
(c)totalproductionofbothproductsbutnotconsumerwelfareinbothcountries.
(d)consumerwelfareinbothcountriesbutnottotalproductionofbothproducts.
(e)Noneoftheabove
Answer:
B
17.Asaresultoftrade,specializationintheRicardianmodeltendstobe
(a)completewithconstantcostsandwithincreasingcosts.
(b)completewithconstantcostsandincompletewithincreasingcosts.
(c)incompletewithconstantcostsandcompletewithincreasingcosts.
(d)incompletewithconstantcostsandincompletewithincreasingcosts.
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
B
18.Asaresultoftradebetweentwocountrieswhichareofcompletelydifferenteconomicsizes,specializationintheRicardian2X2modeltendstobe
(a)incompleteinbothcountries
(b)completeinbothcountries
(c)completeinthesmallcountrybutincompleteinthelargecountry
(d)completeinthelargecountrybutincompleteinthesmallcountry
(e)Noneoftheabove
Answer:
C
19.AnationengagingintradeaccordingtotheRicardianmodelwillfinditsconsumptionbundle
(a)insideitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.
(b)onitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.
(c)outsideitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.
(d)insideitstrade-partner’sproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.
(e)onitstrade-partner’sproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.
Answer:
C
20.IntheRicardianmodel,ifacountry’stradeisrestricted,thiswillcauseallexceptwhich?
(a)Limitspecializationandthedivisionoflabor.
(b)Reducethevolumeoftradeandthegainsfromtrade
(c)Causenationstoproduceinsidetheirproductionpossibilitiescurves
(d)Mayresultinacountryproducingsomeoftheproductofitscomparativedisadvantage
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
C
21.IfaverysmallcountrytradeswithaverylargecountryaccordingtotheRicardianmodel,then
(a)thesmallcountrywillsufferadecreaseineconomicwelfare.
(b)thelargecountrywillsufferadecreaseineconomicwelfare.
(c)thesmallcountryonlywillenjoygainsfromtrade.
(d)thelargecountrywillenjoygainsfromtrade.
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
C
22.IftheworldtermsoftradeforacountryaresomewherebetweenthedomesticcostratioofHandthatofF,then
(a)countryHbutnotcountryFwillgainfromtrade.
(b)countryHandcountryFwillbothgainfromtrade.
(c)neithercountryHnorFwillgainfromtrade.
(d)onlythecountrywhosegovernmentsubsidizesitsexportswillgain.
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
B
23.IftheworldtermsoftradeequalthoseofcountryF,then
(a)countryHbutnotcountryFwillgainfromtrade.
(b)countryHandcountryFwillbothgainfromtrade.
(c)neithercountryHnorFwillgainfromtrade.
(d)onlythecountrywhosegovernmentsubsidizesitsexportswillgain.
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
A
24.Iftheworldtermsoftradeequalthoseofcountry,Fthen
(a)countryHbutnotcountryFwillgainfromtrade.
(b)countryHandcountryFwillbothgainfromtrade.
(c)neithercountryHnorFwillgainfromtrade.
(d)onlythecountrywhosegovernmentsubsidizesitsexportswillgain.
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
E
25.Ifaproductionpossibilitiesfrontierisbowedout(concavetotheorigin),thenproductionoccursunderconditionsof
(a)constantopportunitycosts.
(b)increasingopportunitycosts.
(c)decreasingopportunitycosts.
(d)infiniteopportunitycosts.
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
B
26.Iftheproductionpossibilitiesfrontierofonethetradepartners(“CountryA”)isbowedout(concavetotheorigin),thenincreasedspecializationinproductionbythatcountrywill
(a)Increasetheeconomicwelfareofbothcountries.
(b)IncreasetheeconomicwelfareofonlyCountryA.
(c)DecreasetheeconomicwelfareofCountryA.
(d)DecreasetheeconomicwelfareofCountryB.
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
A
27.Iftwocountrieshaveidenticalproductionpossibilityfrontiers,thentradebetweenthemisnotlikelyif
(a)theirsupplycurvesareidentical.
(b)theircostfunctionsareidentical.
(c)theirdemandconditionsidentical.
(d)theirincomesareidentical.
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
E
28.Iftwocountrieshaveidenticalproductionpossibilityfrontiers,thentradebetweenthemisnotlikelyif
(a)theirsupplycurvesareidentical.
(b)theircostfunctionsareidentical.
(c)theirdemandfunctionsdiffer.
(d)theirincomesareidentical.
(e)Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
C
29.Theearlieststatementoftheprincipleofcomparativeadvan
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