英语六级新题型练习之长篇阅读段落匹配题5套.docx
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英语六级新题型练习之长篇阅读段落匹配题5套.docx
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英语六级新题型练习之长篇阅读段落匹配题5套
2013年12月英语六级改革新题型长篇阅读练习
(一)
英语六级新题型练习之长篇阅读:
段落匹配题。
Paper--MorethanMeetstheEye
A) Wearesurroundedbysomuchpaperandcardthatitiseasytoforgetjusthowcomplexitis.Therearemanyvarietiesandgradesofpapermaterials, andwhilstitisfairlyeasytospotthevarieties, itisfarmoredifficulttospotthegrades.
B) Itneedstobeunderstoodthatmostpaperandcardismanufacturedforaspecificpurpose, sothatwhilstthecorn-flakepacketmaylooksmart, itisclearlynotsomethingdestinedforthearchives.Itismadetolookgood, butonlyneedsalimitedlifespan.Itisalsomuchcheapertomanufacturethanhighgradecard.
C) Papercanbemadefromanalmostendlessvarietyofcellulose-basedmaterialwhichwillincludemanywoods, cottonsandgrassesorwhichpapyrusisanexampleandfromwherewegettheword"paper".Manyoftheseareveryspecialized, butthepreponderanceofpapermakinghasbeenfromsoftwoodandcottonorrags, withthebulkbeingwood-based.
PaperfromWood
D) Inordertomakewoodintopaperitneedstobebrokendownintofinestrands.Firstlybypowerfulmachineryandthenboiledwithstrongalkaliessuchascausticsoda, untilafinepulpofcellulosefibersisproduced.Itisfromthispulpthatthefinalproductismade, relyingonthebondingtogetherofthecelluloseintolayers.That, inaverysmallnutshell, istheessenceofpapermakingfromwood.However, therealityisrathermorecomplicated.Inordertogiveusourwhitepaperandcard, themakerswilladdbleachandothermaterialssuchaschinaclayandadditionalchemicals.
E) Afurtherproblemwithwoodisthatitcontainsamaterialthatisnotcellulose.Somethingcalledlignin.Thisisessentialforthetreesinceitholdsthecellulosefibrestogether, butifitisincorporatedintothemanufacturedpaperitpresentsarchivistswithaproblem.Lignineventuallybreaksdownandreleasesacidproductsintothepaper.Thiswillweakenthebondbetweenthecellulosefibersandthepaperwillbecomebrittleandlookratherbrownandcareworn.Wehaveallseenthisinoldnewspapersandcheappaperbackbooks.Ithasbeenestimatedthatmostpaperbackbookswillhavealifeofnotgreaterthanfiftyyears.Notwhatweneedforourarchives.
F) Sincethelignincanberemovedfromthepaperpulpduringmanufacture, theobviousquestionis"whyisitleftinthepaper?
"Theanswerliesinthefactthatligninmakesupaconsiderablepartofthetree.Byleavingthelignininthepulpapapermakercanincreasehispaperyieldfromatreetosome95%.Removingitmeansayieldofonly35%.Itisclearlyuneconomictoremovetheligninformanypaperandcardapplications.
G) Italsomeans, ofcourse, thatlignin-freepaperisgoingtobemoreexpensive, butthatisneverthelesswhatthearchivistmustlookforinhissupplies.Thereisnopointwhatsoeverincarefullyplacingourvaluableartifactsinpaperorcardthatisgoingtohastentheirdemise.Acidisparticularlyharmfultophotographicmaterials, causingthemtofadeandissomecasessimplyvanish!
H) So, howdowetellapieceofsuitablepaperorcardfromonethatisunsuitable?
Youcannotdoitbysimplylooking, andratherdisappointingly, youcannotalwaysrelyonthelabel."Acid-free"mightbetrueinasmuchasatestonthepapermayindicatethatitisaneutralmaterialatthistime.Butlignincantakeyearsbeforeitstartstheinevitableprocessofbreakingdown, andintherightconditionsitwillspeedupenormously.
I) Addedtothis, asIhaveindicatedearlier, papermayalsocontainothermaterialsaddedduringmanufacturesuchasbleach, chinaclay, chemicalwhitenersandsize.Thislookslikeableakpicture, anditwouldbebutforthefactthattherearesupplierswhowillguaranteethematerialthattheysell.Ifyouwanttobeabsolutelysurethatyouarestoringin, orprintingon, thecorrectmaterialthenthisisprobablytheonlyway.
J) Incidentally, acidscanmigratefrommaterialtomaterial.Liningoldshoeboxeswithgoodqualityacid-freepaperwilldolittletoguardthecontents.Theacidwillgetthereintheend.
PaperfromRag
K) Paperisalsocommonlymadefromcottonandragwaste.Thishastheadvantageofbeinglignin-free, butbecausethereismuchlesscottonandragthantrees, italsotendstobemuchmoreexpensivethanwoodpulppaper.Youwillstillneedtopurchasefromareliablesourcethough, sinceevenragpaperandcardcancontainundesirableadditives.
L) Areliablesourceforqualityragpapersisarecognizedartstockiest.Manywatercolorartistsinsistonusingonlyfinequalityragpaperandboard.
M) Themainlessontolearnfromthisinformationisthatyoucannotrelyonpurchasingarchivalmaterialsfromthehighstreet.Theonlysafesolutionistopurchasefromspecialistsuppliers.Itmaycostrathermore, butintheendyouwillknowthatyourimportantandvaluabledataandimageshavethebesthomepossible.
1.Thecorn-flakepacketischeaperthanhighgradecard.
2.Therearealotofmaterialswhichcanbeusedformakingpaper, butthesuperiorityonesaresoftwood, cottonandrags.
3.Duringthewholemanufacturingprocess, thefinalproductismadefromapulpofcellulosefibres.
4.Inordertomakewhitepaperandcard, themakerswilladdbleach.
5.Liguinisessentialforthetreebutitwillmakepapereasytobreak.
6.Manypaperproducerswillpreserveligninduringmanufacture, becauseleavingtheligninwillmakemorepaperfromatree.
7.Acidisparticularlyharmfultophotographicmaterials.
8.Iftheligninisremovedfromthepaper, thepaperwillbemoreexpensive.
9.Althoughfreeoflignin, papermadefromcottonandragwastecanalsocostmoremoneythanwoodpulppaperbecausethereismuchlesscottonandragthantrees.
10.Whatwecanlearnfrom"PaperfromRag"isthatyouhadbetterbuyarchivalmaterialsfromspecialistsuppliers.
文章精要
本文主要介绍了我们平常所见所用的纸的复杂性,通过介绍用木头和破布料造纸的过程,使我们对纸的类别、属性有了更深入的了解。
1.B
根据题干中的信息提示词corn—flakepacket,highgradecard,可定位到文章第二段,该部分最后提到corn-flakepacket在制造过程中比高等级的纸(highgradecard)便宜.
2.C
根据题干中的信息提示词softwood,cottonandrags,可定位到文章第三段最后一句。
3.D
根据题干中的信息提示词finalproduct,可将答案定位到D段,第二、三句提到最后的产品来源于纤维素纸浆。
4.D
根据题干中的信息提示词whitepaperandcard,可将答案定位到D段,该部分最后提到为了得到白纸,纸张生产者在制造过程中添加了漂白粉和其他化学物质。
5.E
根据题干中的信息提示词essentialforthetree,可将答案定位到E段,该部分提到木质素是木头的主要组成物,其作用是凝聚纤维素,但它会使纸张变得易碎。
6.F
根据题干中的信息提示词lignin,可将答案定位到F段,该部分最后提到许多纸张生产者在生产过程中会保留木质素,主要是因为它会增加树木的造纸产量。
7.G
根据题干中的信息提示词acid,可将答案定位到G段,该部分最后提到酸对相纸的原料尤其不利。
8.F
根据题干中的信息提示词lignin和paper可定位到文章的F段,因为该段提到,如果在纸张的生产中去除木质素,将会降低树木出产纸张的量,由此可以知道,去除了木质素的纸张价格必定会更加昂贵。
9.K
根据题干中的信息提示词cottonandragwaste可定位到文章的K段,该部分告诉我们,尽管用棉花和破布料造的纸里没有木质素,但它们要比木制的纸贵很多,这是因为棉花和破布料的数量比树木少得多,由此可以得出答案。
10.M
根据题干中的信息提示词PaperfromRa9可定位到文章的最后一段,该部分提出最好到专业的供应商那里去买档案材料,由此可以得出答案。
2013年12月英语六级改革新题型长篇阅读练习
(二)
HowtoMakeAttractiveandEffectivePowerPointPresentations
A) MicrosoftPowerPointhasdramaticallychangedthewayinwhichacademicandbusinesspresentationsaremade. ThisarticleoutlinesfewtipsonmakingmoreeffectiveandattractivePowerPointpresentations.
TheText
B) Keepthewordingclearandsimple. Useactive, visuallanguage. Cutunnecessarywords—agoodruleofthumbistocutparagraphsdowntosentences, sentencesintophrases, andphrasesintokeywords.Limitthenumberofwordsandlinesperslide. TrytheRuleofFive-fivewordsperline, fivelinesperslide. Iftoomuchtextappearsononeslide, usetheAutoFitfeaturetosplititbetweentwoslides. ClickwithintheplaceholdertodisplaytheAutoFitOptionsbutton (itssymbolistwohorizontallineswitharrowsaboveandbelow), thenclickonthebuttonandchooseSplitTextbetweenTwoSlidesfromthesubmenu.
C) Fontsizefortitlesshouldbeatleast36to40, whilethetextbodyshouldnotbesmallerthan24.Useonlytwofontstylesperslide—oneforthetitleandtheotherforthetext. Choosetwofontsthatvisuallycontrastwitheachother. GaramondMediumCondensedandImpactaregoodfortitles, whileGaramondorTempusSanscanbeusedforthetextbody.
D) Embedthefontsinyourpresentation, ifyouarenotsurewhetherthefontsusedinthepresentationarepresentinthecomputerthatwillbeusedforthepresentation. Toembedthefonts:
(1) OntheFilemenu, clickSaveAs.
(2) Onthetoolbar, clickTools, clickSaveOptions, selecttheEmbedTrueTypeFontscheckbox, andthenselectEmbedcharactersinuseonly.
E) Usecolorssparingly; twotothreeatmost. Youmayuseonecolorforallthetitlesandanotherforthetextbody. Beconsistentfromslidetoslide. Chooseafontcolorthatcontrastswellwiththebackground.
F) Capitalizingthefirstletterofeachwordisgoodforthetitleofslidesandsuggestsamoreformalsituationthanhavingjustthefirstletterofthefirstwordcapitalized. Inbulletpointlines, capitalizethefirstwordandnootherwordsunlesstheynormallyappearcapped. Upperandlowercaseletteringismorereadablethanallcapitalletters. Moreover, currentstylesindicatethatusingallcapitallettersmeansyouareshouting. Ifyouhavetextthatisinthewrongcase, selectthetext, andthenclickShift+F3untilitchangestothecasestylethatyoulike. ClickingShift+F3togglesthetextcasebetweenALLCAPS, lowercase, andInitialCapitalstyles.
G) Useboldoritalictypefaceforemphasis. Avoidunderlining, itcluttersupthepresentation.Don’tcenterbulletedlistsortext. Itisconfusingtoread. Leftalig
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