南宁市最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题含答案 2.docx

南宁市最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题含答案 2.docx

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南宁市最新高考英语阅读理解练习题含答案2

南宁市最新高考英语阅读理解练习题（含答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Mostofushavelookedupatthestarsthatfillthenightskyandwonderedwhetherwe'realoneintheuniverse.Indeed,thequestionofwhetherthere'slifeouttherehasbeensomethinghumankind'sbeenaskingitselfforcountlessyears.ButthankstoChina'sFive-hundred-meterApertureSphericalTelescope（FAST）,theanswertothisquestionmaycomealotsoonerthanweexpected.

   Thetelescopehasahugeroundreflector,whichmeasures500metersacrossandhasaperimeter（周长）of1.6kilometers.Becauseofitsgreatsize,itwouldhavebeenbothdifficultandinefficienttogetFASTtomovelikearegulartelescope.Instead,FAST'sdesignerscameupwithagreatsolution:

itssurfaceismadeupof4450panelswhichcanbeindividuallyadjusted.Thiscleverdesignfeatureallowsscientiststodetectradiosignalsfromanyanglewithagreatdegreeofaccuracy."Panelscanchangetheirpositionsthroughconnectedwiresandparallel（关联的）robots.Wecancontroltheirpositionwithanaccuracyof1mm,"ZhengYuanpeng,chiefengineerofthetelescope'spanelproject,toldXinhuaNewsAgency.

   FAST'sengineersalsohadthetaskoffindingasuitablelocation.Asanyinterferencewouldaffectitsabilitytodetectdistantradiowaves,itneededtobebuiltinaremotearea.Luckily,theperfectspotwasfoundinthebeautifulmountainsofGuizhouProvince."Therearethreehillsabout500metersawayfromoneanother,creatingavalleythatisperfecttosupportthetelescope,"SunCaihong,chiefengineerofFAST'sconstruction,toldXinhua.

   Andalthoughitwasn'tyetfullyoperated,FASThadalreadymadegreatdiscoveriesbyOctober2017.Since1967,onlyaround2000pulsars（脉冲星）havebeendiscovered,yetFASThaddetectedsixmorebyOctober2017.OnceFASTisfullyupandrunning,wemayfinallyhavetheanswertooneofthebiggestquestionsinhistory.

（1）WhatisthepurposeofmentioningthequestioninParagraph1?

A. Tointroducethenewgianttelescope.

B. Toexplainwhythereislifeinuniverse.

C. Toremindreaderstothinkaboutthelifeinspace.

D. Toemphasizethequestionthatshouldbeanswered.

（2）WhatcanweknowfromParagraph2?

A. Thetelescopeismadeupofmanypanels.

B. TheareaofFASTisabout800squarekilometers.

C. TheengineercanhandleFAST'spositionaccurately.

D. Theindividualpanelhelpsscientistscatchradiosignals.

（3）WhywasFASTbuiltinGuizhou?

A. BecauseGuizhouisaremoteprovince.          B. BecauseGuizhouhasanidealvalley.

C. BecauseGuizhouhasbeautifulmountains.   D. BecauseGuizhouhastheabilitytobuildit.

（4）Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A. FAST'stimeline.          

B. FAST'sfuture.          

C. FAST'soperation.          

D. FAST'sdiscoveries.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国500米口径球面射电望远镜，它的设计原理、选址以及发展前景等多方面的信息。

（1）考查推理判断。

第一段通过提出问题，再引出答案，在引出答案的同时引出了本文要介绍的我国500米口径球面射电望远镜。

所以第一段提出问题的目的是引出本文的介绍对象。

这也是说明文常见的写作手法。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“itssurfaceismadeupof4450panelswhichcanbeindividuallyadjusted.Thiscleverdesignfeatureallowsscientiststodetectradiosignalsfromanyanglewithagreatdegreeofaccuracy.“它的表面由4500片可独立调节的金属板组成。

这种聪明的设计可以让科学家从不同的角度精确的探测到无线电信号。

可推知，这些金属板能帮助科学家捕捉无线电信号。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Therearethreehillsabout500metersawayfromoneanother,creatingavalleythatisperfecttosupportthetelescope”这儿有三座间距500米左右的山，是安置望远镜的绝佳的山谷，可知，望远镜之所以安置在贵州，是因为贵州有一个很好的山谷。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段中“Andalthoughitwasn'tyetfullyoperated,FASThadalreadymadegreatdiscoveriesbyOctober2017.“虽然还没有完全运转起来，到2017年10月FAST已经有了重大发现。

可知，这一段讲述FAST的重大发现。

并且其后几句话也是来具体阐述FAST的重大发现的。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Astudyshowedthattheexperienceschildrenhaveintheirfirstfewyearsareimportant.Theseexperiencesaffectthedevelopmentofthebrain.Whenchildrenreceivemoreattention,theyoftenhavehigherIQs.Babiesreceiveinformationwhentheysee,hearandfeelthings,whichmakesconnectionsbetweendifferentpartsofthebrain.Thereareahundredtrillion（万亿）connectionsinthebrainofathree-year-oldchild.

   ResearcherJuditGervaintestedhowgoodnewbornsareatdistinguishingdifferentsoundpatterns.Herresearchersproducedimagesofthebrainsofbabiesastheyhearddifferentsoundpatterns.Forexample,oneorderwasmu-ba-ba.Thisisthepattern"A-B-B".Anotherorderwasmu-ba-ge.Thisisthepattern“A-B-C”.Theimagesshowedthatthepartofthebrainresponsibleforspeechwasmoreactiveduringthe"A-B-B"pattern.Thisshowsthatbabiescantellthedifferencebetweendifferentpatterns.Theyalsoweresensitivetowhereitoccurredintheorder.

   Gervainisexcitedbythesefindingsbecausetheorderofsoundsisthebuildingblockofwordsandgrammar."Positioniskeytolanguage,"shesays."Ifsomethingisatthebeginningorattheend,itmakesabigdifference:

Johncaughtthebear.'isverydifferentfrom'ThebearcaughtJohn.'”

   ResearchersledbyscientistPatriciaKuhlhavefoundthatlanguagedeliveredbytelevisions,audiobooks,theInternet,orsmartphones－nomatterhoweducational－doesn'tappeartobeenoughforchildren'sbraindevelopment.Theycarriedoutastudyofnine-month-oldAmericanbabies.Theyexpectedthefirstgroupwho'dwatchedvideosinChinesetoshowthesamekindoflearningasthesecondgroupwhowerebroughtface-to-facewiththesamesounds.Insteadtheyfoundahugedifference.ThebabiesinthesecondgroupwereabletodistinguishbetweensimilarChinesesoundsaswellasnativelisteners.Buttheotherbabies－regardlessofwhethertheyhadwatchedthevideoorlistenedtotheaudio－learnednothing.

（1）Whatmakesconnectionsinababy'sbrain?

A. HavingahigherIQ.                                          

B. Experiencingnewinformation.

C. Thebaby'earlyage.                                         

D. Theconnectionwithotherbabies.

（2）WhatdidJuditGervainandherteamfindintheexperiment?

A. Babiesidentifydifferentsoundpatterns.

B. Wordorderisrelevanttomeaning.

C. Babiescanwellunderstanddifferentwords.

D. Acertainbrainregionprocesseslanguage.

（3）WhatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninParagraph3?

A. Grammarisimportantinlearninglanguages.

B. Differentordershavedifferentmeanings.

C. Differentlanguageshavedifferentgrammar.

D. Wordshavedifferentsounds.

（4）WhatisthemainconclusionfromthestudyledbyPatriciaKuhl?

A. Babiesshouldn'twatchalotoftelevision.

B. Listeningtodifferentlanguagesdevelopsbabies'brain.

C. Foreignlanguageshelpbabies'braindevelop.

D. Socialcommunicationimprovesbabies'braindevelopment.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文章，介绍小孩最初几年的经历对大脑发育很重要，而媒介输入对孩子大脑发育效果不明显，最有效的是面对面语言输入。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段Babiesreceiveinformationwhentheysee,hearandfeelthings,whichmakesconnectionsbetweendifferentpartsofthebrain.可知，婴儿接收到不同信息，可以让大脑不同部分形成连接，故选B。

（2）推理判断题。

根据第二段Theimagesshowedthatthepartofthebrainresponsibleforspeechwasmoreactiveduringthe"A-B-B"pattern.Thisshowsthatbabiescantellthedifferencebetweendifferentpatterns.可知，实验表明婴儿可以区别不同的声音模式，故选A。

（3）句意猜测题。

根据第三段"Ifsomethingisatthebeginningorattheend,itmakesabigdifference:

'Johncaughtthebear.'isverydifferentfrom'ThebearcaughtJohn.'”可知，有些东西放在句首和句尾，会有很大的不同，比如John抓住了熊，和熊抓住了John，意思是不一样的，可知本句意思为位置对于语言来说很重要的，顺序不同，意思不同，故选B。

（4）推理判断题。

根据最后一段ResearchersledbyscientistPatriciaKuhlhavefoundthatlanguagedeliveredbytelevisions,audiobooks,theInternet,orsmartphones－nomatterhoweducational－doesn'tappeartobeenoughforchildren'sbraindevelopment.可知，通过电视、网络等媒介的语言教学，对于婴儿大脑发展是不够的，并且后面的实验表明，面对面的语言输入才有效，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和句意猜测三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：

段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

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   Buffaloofferswhoeverqualifiestobuyahousefor$1.Allyouneedistobealawfulcitizenofthecityandinvestamountofmoneyintoitsdecoration.Doingthis,theauthoritiesarehopingtomakethecitybeautifulagainwithoutspendingmoney.

   Liverpool,GreatBritain

   InLiverpool,mostofhouseswereabandoned（遗弃）bytheworkingclassduringtheyearsofunemployment.Thegovernmentistryingtosellthehousesforjust$1.Ifyouwanttobuysuchahouse,ithastobeyourfirstdealonbuyingproperty（房产）.

   Candela,Italy

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（1）WhydotheauthoritiesofBuffaloprovideahouseforpeoplewith1$?

A. Toimprovethelivesofpoorpeople.              

B. Tomakethecityattractiveatnocost.

C. Tosolvetheproblemsofemployment.          

D. Toattractpeopletotheindustrialareas.

（2）Whatisrequiredtobuyahousefor1dollarinLiverpool?

A.Youneedtobeanunemployedcitizen.

B.Youshouldliveinthehousefor3years.

C.Itmustbeyourfirsthousepurchase.

D.Youh