智能家居外文翻译.doc
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智能家居外文翻译.doc
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S.Leeetal.:
APyroelectricInfraredSensor-basedIndoorLocation-AwareSystemfortheSmartHome
APyroelectricInfraredSensor-basedIndoorLocation-AwareSystemfortheSmartHome
SukLee,Member,IEEE,KyoungNamHa,KyungChangLee,Member,IEEE
Abstract—Smarthomeisexpectedtooffervariousintelligentservicesbyrecognizingresidentsalongwiththeirlifestyleandfeelings.Oneofthekeyissuesforrealizingthesmarthomeishowtodetectthelocationsofresidents.Currently,theresearcheffortisfocusedontwoapproaches:
terminal-basedandnon-terminal-basedmethods.Theterminal-basedmethodemploysatypeofdevicethatshouldbecarriedbytheresidentwhilethenon-terminal-basedmethodrequiresnosuchdevice.Thispaperpresentsanovelnon-terminal-basedapproachusinganarrayofpyroelectricinfraredsensors(PIRsensors)thatcandetectresidents.Thefeasibilityofthesystemisevaluatedexperimentallyonatestbed.
IndexTerms—smarthome,location-basedservice,pyroelectricinfraredsensor(PIRsensor),location-recognitionalgorithm
I.INTRODUCTION
Thereisagrowinginterestinsmarthomeasawaytoofferaconvenient,comfortable,andsaferesidentialenvironment[1],[2].Ingeneral,thesmarthomeaimstoofferappropriateintelligentservicestoactivelyassistintheresident’slifesuchashousework,amusement,rest,andsleep.Hence,inordertoenhancetheresident’sconvenienceandsafety,devicessuchashomeappliances,multimediaappliances,andinternetappliancesshouldbeconnectedviaa
homenetworksystem,asshowninFig.1,andtheyshouldbecontrolledormonitoredremotelyusingatelevision(TV)orpersonaldigitalassistant(PDA)[3],[4].
Fig.1.Architectureofthehomenetworksystemforsmarthome
Especially,attentionhasbeenfocusedonlocation-basedservicesasawaytoofferhigh-qualityintelligentservices,whileconsideringhumanfactorssuchaspatternofliving,health,andfeelingsofaresident[5]-[7].Thatis,ifthesmarthomecanrecognizetheresident’spatternoflivingorhealth,thenhomeappliancesshouldbeabletoanticipatetheresident’sneedsandofferappropriateintelligentservicemoreactively.Forexample,inapassiveserviceenvironment,theresidentcontrolstheoperationoftheHVAC(heating,ventilating,andairconditioning)system,whilethesmarthomewouldcontrolthetemperatureandhumidityofaroomaccordingtotheresident’scondition.Variousindoorlocation-awaresystemshavebeendevelopedtorecognizetheresident’slocationinthesmarthomeorsmartoffice.Ingeneral,indoorlocation-awaresystemshavebeenclassifiedintothreetypesaccordingtothemeasurementtechnology:
triangulation,sceneanalysis,andproximitymethods[8].Thetriangulationmethodusesmultipledistancesfrommultipleknownpoints.ExamplesincludeActiveBadges[9],ActiveBats[10],andEasyLiving[11],whichuseinfraredsensors,ultrasonicsensors,andvisionsensors,respectively.Thesceneanalysismethodexaminesaviewfromaparticularvantagepoint.RepresentativeexamplesofthesceneanalysismethodareMotionStar[12],whichusesaDCmagnetictracker,andRADAR[13],whichusesIEEE802.11wirelesslocalareanetwork(LAN).Finally,theproximitymethodmeasuresnearnesstoaknownsetofpoints.AnexampleoftheproximitymethodisSmartFloor[14],whichusespressuresensors.
Alternatively,indoorlocation-awaresystemscanbeclassifiedaccordingtotheneedforaterminalthatshouldbecarriedbytheresident.Terminal-basedmethods,suchasActiveBats,donotrecognizetheresident’slocationdirectly,butperceivethelocationofadevicecarriedbytheresident,suchasaninfraredtransceiverorradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)tag.Therefore,itisimpossibletorecognizetheresident’slocationifheorsheisnotcarryingthedevice.Incontrast,non-terminalmethodssuchasEasyLivingandSmartFloorcanfindtheresident’slocationwithoutsuchdevices.However,EasyLivingcanberegardedtoinvadetheresident’sprivacywhiletheSmartFloorhasdifficultywithextendibilityandmaintenance.
Thispaperpresentsanon-terminalbasedlocation-awaresystemthatusesanarrayofpyroelectricinfrared(PIR)sensors[15],[16].ThePIRsensorsontheceilingdetectthepresenceofaresidentandarelaidoutsothatdetectionareasofadjacentsensorsoverlap.BycombiningtheoutputsofmultiplePIRsensors,thesystemisabletolocatearesidentwithareasonabledegreeofaccuracy.Thissystemhasinherentadvantageofnon-terminalbasedmethodswhile
avoidingprivacyandextendibility,maintenanceissues.Inordertodemonstrateitsefficacy,anexperimentaltestbedhasbeenconstructed,andtheproposedsystemhasbeenevaluatedexperimentallyundervariousexperimentalconditions.Thispaperisorganizedintofoursections,includingthisintroduction.Se
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