《土地管理法》word版.docx
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《土地管理法》word版.docx
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《土地管理法》word版
LandAdministrationLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina
(Adoptedatthe16thMeetingoftheStandingCommitteeoftheSixthNationalPeople'sCongressonJune25,1986;amendedforthefirsttimeatthe5thMeetingoftheStandingCommitteeoftheSeventhNationalPeople'sCongressonDecember29,1988inaccordancewiththeDecisiononAmendingtheLandAdministrationLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina;revisedatthe4thMeetingoftheStandingCommitteeoftheNinthNationalPeople'sCongressonAugust29,1998andpromulgatedbyOrderNo.8ofthePresidentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonAugust29,1998;andamendedforthesecondtimeinaccordancewiththeDecisiononAmendingtheLandAdministrationLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,adoptedatthe11thMeetingoftheStandingCommitteeoftheTenthNationalPeople'sCongressonAugust28,2004)
Contents
ChapterIGeneralProvisions
ChapterIIOwnershipofLandandRighttotheUseofLand
ChapterIIIOverallPlansforLandUtilization
ChapterIVProtectionofCultivatedLand
ChapterVLandtoBeUsedforConstruction
ChapterVISupervisionandInspection
ChapterVIILegalLiabilities
ChapterVIIISupplementaryProvisions
ChapterI
GeneralProvisions
Article1ThisLawisenactedinaccordancewiththeConstitutionforthepurposeofstrengtheninglandadministration,maintainingthesocialistpublicownershipofland,protectinganddevelopinglandresources,makingrationaluseofland,effectivelyprotectingcultivatedlandandpromotingsustainabledevelopmentofthesocietyandtheeconomy.
Article2ThePeople'sRepublicofChinapractisessocialistpublicownershipofland,namely,ownershipbythewholepeopleandcollectiveownershipbytheworkingpeople.
OwnershipbythewholepeoplemeansthattherightofownershipinState-ownedlandisexercisedbytheStateCouncilonbehalfoftheState.
Nounitsorindividualsmayencroachonlandorillegallytransferitthroughbuying,sellingorothermeans.However,therighttotheuseoflandmaybetransferredinaccordancewithlaw.
TheStatemay,intheinterestofthepublic,lawfullyexpropriateorrequisitionlandandgivecompensationaccordingly.
TheStateapplies,inaccordancewithlaw,asystemofcompensateduseofState-ownedland,withtheexceptionoflandtherighttotheuseofwhichisallocatedbytheStatewithintheprovisionsoflaws.
Article3Tovaluelandhighly,uselandrationallyandprotectcultivatedlandeffectivelyisChina'sbasicpolicy.People'sgovernmentsatalllevelsshalltakemeasures,drawupoverallplans,tightencontrol,protectanddeveloplandresources,andpreventunlawfuloccupationanduseofland.
Article4TheStateappliesasystemofcontroloverthepurposesofuseofland.
TheStateformulatesoverallplansforlandutilizationinwhichtodefinethepurposesofuseoflandandclassifylandintolandforagriculture,landforconstructionandunusedland.Itshallrigidlyrestrictconversionoflandforagriculturetolandforconstruction,keepthetotalareaofthelandforconstructionundercontrolandgivespecialprotectiontocultivatedland.
Landforagricultureasreferredtointheprecedingparagraphmeanslandthatisdirectlyusedforagriculturalproduction,includingcultivatedland,forestland,grassland,landforirrigationandwaterconservancy,andwatersurfacesforagriculture;landforconstructionmeanslandforconstructingbuildingsandotherstructures,includinglandforhousinginurbanandruralareas,forpublicutilities,forfactoriesandmines,forcommunicationsandwaterconservancy,fortourismandformilitaryinstallations;andunusedlandmeanslandotherthanlandforagricultureandconstruction.
Allunitsandindividualsshalluselandinstrictcompliancewiththepurposesofusedefinedintheoverallplansforlandutilization.
Article5ThelandadministrationdepartmentundertheStateCouncilshallbeinchargeofunifiedadministrationofandsupervisionoverthelandthroughoutthecountry.
Theestablishmentanddutiesofthelandadministrationdepartmentsoflocalpeople'sgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelshallbedecidedbypeople'sgovernmentsofprovinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernmentinaccordancewiththerelevantregulationsoftheStateCouncil.
Article6Allunitsandindividualsshallhavetheobligationtoobservethelawsandregulationsgoverninglandadministrationandshallhavetherighttoreportagainstoraccuseanyviolationsofsuchlawsorregulations.
Article7Thepeople'sgovernmentsshallrewardtheunitsorindividualsthatachieveoutstandingsuccessesinprotectinganddevelopinglandresources,usinglandrationallyandcarryingoutrelevantscientificresearch.
ChapterII
OwnershipofLandandRighttotheUseofLand
Article8LandintheurbanareasofcitiesisownedbytheState.
Landinruralandsuburbanareasisownedbypeasantcollectives,exceptforthoseportionsoflandwhichbelongtotheStateasprovidedforbylaw;housesitesandprivateplotsofcroplandandhillylandareownedbypeasantcollectives.
Article9State-ownedlandandlandownedbypeasantcollectivesmaybelawfullydeterminedtobeusedbyunitsorindividuals.Unitsandindividualsthatuselandshallhavetheobligationtoprotectandmanagethelandandmakerationaluseofit.
Article10Landownedbypeasantcollectivesthatbelongslawfullytopeasantcollectivesofavillageshallbeoperatedandmanagedbycollectiveeconomicorganizationsofthevillageorbyvillagers'committees;landalreadyownedbydifferentpeasantcollectivesthatbelongtotwoormoredifferentcollectiveeconomicorganizationsinthevillageshallbeoperatedandmanagedbytheruralcollectiveeconomicorganizationsinthevillageorbyvillagers'groups;landalreadyownedbyapeasantcollectiveofatownship(town)shallbeoperatedandmanagedbytheruralcollectiveeconomicorganizationofthetownship(town).
Article11Landownedbypeasantcollectivesshallberegisteredwithandrecordedbypeople'sgovernmentsatthecountylevel,whichshall,uponverification,issuecertificatestoconfirmtheownershipofsuchland.
Landownedbypeasantcollectivestobelawfullyusedfornon-agriculturalconstructionshallberegisteredwithandrecordedbypeople'sgovernmentsatthecountylevel,whichshall,uponverification,issuecertificatestoconfirmtherighttotheuseofthelandforsuchconstruction.
State-ownedlandtobelawfullyusedbyunitsorindividualsshallberegisteredwithandrecordedbypeople'sgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevel,whichshall,uponverification,issuecertificatestoconfirmtheirrighttotheuseofsuchland.ThespecificorgansforregistrationandissueofcertificatesforState-ownedlandtobeusedbycentralorStateorgansshallbedeterminedbytheStateCouncil.
OwnershiportherighttotheuseofforestlandorgrasslandandtherighttotheuseofwatersurfacesortidalflatsforaquacultureshallbeconfirmedrespectivelyinaccordancewiththerelevantprovisionsoftheForestryLaw,theGrasslandLawandtheFisheriesLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.
Article12Anychangetobelawfullymadeinlandownership,intherighttotheuseoflandorinthepurposeofuseoflandshallberegistered.
Article13Thelawfullyregisteredownershipoflandandrighttotheuseoflandshallbeprotectedbylawandmaynotbeinfringeduponbyanyunitsorindividuals.
Article14Landownedbypeasantcollectivesshallbeoperatedunderacontractbymembersoftheeconomicorganizationsofthepeasantcollectivesforcropcultivation,forestry,animalhusbandryorfishery.Thedurationofsuchcontractis30years.Thepartythatgivesoutacontractandthepartythatundertakesitshallsignacontractinwhichtostipulatetherightsandobligationsofbothparties.Apeasantwhoundertakestooperateapieceoflandunderacontractshallhavetheobligationtoprotectthelandandrationallyuseitinconformitywiththepurposesofuseprovidedforinthecontract.Therightofapeasanttooperatelandunderacontractshallbeprotectedbylaw.
Withinthedurationofthecontractforoperationofland,anyappropriatereadjustmentofthelandbetweenindividualcontractorsshallbemadewiththeagreementofatleasttwo-thirdsofthemembersofthevillagersassemblyoroftherepresentativesofvillagersandthemattershallbesubmittedtothetownship(town)people'sgovernmentandtheagricultureadministrationdepartmentofthepeople'sgovernmentatthecountylevelforapproval.
Article15State-ownedlandmaybeoperatedunderacontractbyunitsorindividualsforcropcultivation,forestry,animalhusbandryorfishery.Landownedbypeasantcollectivesmaybeoperatedunderacontractforcropcultivation,forestry,animalhusbandryorfisherybyunitsorindividualsthatdonotbelongtotheeconomicorganizationsofthesaidcollectives.Thepartythatgivesoutthecontractandthepartythatundertakesitshallsignacontractinwhichtostipulatetherightsandobligationsofbothparties.Thedurationofsuchcontractshallbeprovidedforbythecontract.Theunitsorindividualsthatcontracttooperatethelandshallhavetheobligationtoprotectsuchlandandmakerationaluseofitinconformitywiththepurposesofuseprovidedforinthecontract.
Landownedbypeasantcollectivesshallbeoperatedunderacontractbyunitsorindividualsthatdonotbelongtotheeconomicorganizationsofthesaidcollectives,withtheagreementofatleasttwo-thirdsofthemembersofthevillagersassemblyoroftherepresentativesofvi
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