人教版必修一第四单元Book 1 Unit 4.docx
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人教版必修一第四单元Book 1 Unit 4.docx
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人教版必修一第四单元Book1Unit4
Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1.burst/bɜːst/vi.爆裂;爆发;n.突然破裂;爆发
2.destroy/dI′strɔI/vt.破坏,毁坏;消灭
3.rescue/′reskjuː/n.&vt.援救;营救
4.trap/træp/vt.使陷入困境;n.陷阱;困境
5.event/I′vent/n.大事;事件
6.ruin/′ruːIn/n.废墟;毁灭;vt.使破产;毁灭
7.extreme/Ik′striːm/adj.极度的
8.bury/′beri/vt.埋葬,掩埋;隐藏
9.shelter/′ʃeltə/n.掩蔽;避身处
10.sincerely/sIn′sIəlI/adv.真诚地,真挚地
11.express/Ik′spres/vt.表达;表示;n.快车;速递→expressionn.表达;表情
12.injure/′Indʒə/vt.损害;伤害→injuryn.伤害;损害→injuredadj.受伤的
13.electricity/Iˌlek′trIsəti/n.电;电流;电学→electricadj.用电的;带电的→electricaladj.与电有关的;电学的
14.frighten/′fraItn/vt.使惊吓,吓唬→frightenedadj.受惊吓的;受恐吓的→frighteningadj.令人惊恐的
15.congratulation/kənˌɡrætʃʊ′leIʃn/n.祝贺;(复数)贺词→congratulatevt.祝贺
16.judge/dʒʌdʒ/n.裁判员;法官;vt.断定;判决→judgementn.裁判;判决
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1.rightaway立刻,马上
2.thinklittleof不重视
3.asif好像,仿佛
4.atanend结束,终结
5.inruins严重受损,破败不堪
6.a(great)numberof许多,大量的
7.digout掘出;发现
8.beproudof/takepridein因……而自豪
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.
农家大院里的鸡,甚至猪都太紧张了以致于不吃东西了。
2.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!
仿佛到了世界末日!
3.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.
成千上万个家庭遇难,许多孩子变成了孤儿。
4.Allhopewasnotlost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
5.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.
部队人员组成小分队,将受困的人们挖出来,将死者掩埋。
1.Inthejudgement(judge),itwaswrongtogivechildrensomuchpocketmoney.
2.Wecouldtellfromhisexpression(express)thathewasveryupset.
3.Onseeingthefrighteningscene,thelittlegirlwassofrightenedthatsheburstoutcrying.(frighten)
4.Onarrivingthere,weexpressedourcongratulations(congratulate)tohimonhissuccess.
5.Werefusetosignanytreatythatisagainstournational(nation)interests.
6.Heworksinabigfactoryasanelectrical(electricity)engineer.
7.Itwasanextremely(extreme)difficultanddangeroustask.
8.Itisreported(reporter)thattheaccidentoccurredonthefirstSundayinFebruary.
1
risetoone’sfeet站起来
ontherise在上涨;在增长
giveriseto引起;导致
Sprayroseupfromthesurfaceofthewater.
水面溅起水花。
Hewillgetapayriseofnearly£4,000.
他的工资将会上涨将近4000英镑。
图解助记
夯实基础
(1)用rise短语的适当形式填空
①Delayscouldgiverisetofurtherproblems.
②Seriouscrimeisonceagainontherise.
③Pushingbackherchairsherosetoherfeet.
(2)用rise的短语替换下列划线部分
Thenumberoftheunemployedisrisingowingtothefinancialcrisis.ontherise
2burstv.爆裂(tobreakapart);胀开(tobreakopen);冲;突然出现(appearsuddenly);n.突发;爆破;爆裂
burst(break)into+n.突然爆发;闯入
burst(break)outdoing...突然开始做……
burstin突然冲入
burstforth迸发
Hearingthis,thewholeclassburstintolaughterandmydeskmate’sfaceturnedred.
听到这,全班同学大笑起来,我同桌的脸变红了。
(2013·湖北·短文写作)
Idon’tknowwhatinthenovelmadehimburstintotears.
我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。
(2012·湖北·完成句子)
Lastnighttheroomwasburstintobutnothingwastakenaway.
昨晚有人闯入房间但没有带走任何东西。
图解助记
夯实基础
同义句改写
(1)Hearingthenews,Johnburstintotears.(用burstout改写句子)
Hearingthenews,Johnburstoutcrying.
(2)Assoonasshesawhermother,sheburstintotears.(改为现在分词短语作状语)
Shesawhermother,burstingintotears.
3
inruins毁坏;成为废墟
fall/comeintoruin逐渐破碎
bring...toruin使……失败;使……毁坏
Heavysmokingruinedhishealth.
过度吸烟损害了他的健康。
Thebadweatherhadruinedallmypleasurefortheholiday.
糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。
夯实基础
(1)用ruin的适当形式填空
①YearsoffightinghasleftIraqruined.
②Itrainedfortwoweeksonend,completelyruiningourholiday.
③Thiscountrywasonceproudofitseducationsystem.Nowitseemstobeinruins.
(2)同义句改写
Hisbrokenlegmeansruiningallhishopesofbecomingafamousathlete.(用名词ruin改写)
Hisbrokenlegmeanstheruinofallhishopesofbecomingafamousathlete.
4
rescuesb./sth.fromsth.从……中营救……
go/cometoone’srescue去/来救某人
rescuern.救援人员
Wewereabouttoclosedownthebusiness,butthebankwent/cametoourrescuewithahugeloan.
我们几乎要停业,但银行借给了一大笔钱救了我们。
Rescuerssearchedtherubbleforsurvivors.
救援人员在瓦砾中搜寻幸存者。
夯实基础
用rescue的适当形式填空
(1)Weareinformedthatmorefirefighterswillbesenttheretorescuethevictims.
(2)Allthevisitorswererescuedfromtheburninghotel;thetwoinjuredweresavedbydoctorsfromanearbyhospital.
5
set/layatrapfor为……设下圈套
becaughtinatrap=fallintoatrap落入陷阱
betrappedin被困在……;使陷入……困境
trapsb.intodoing...诱骗某人做……
Shehadset/laidatrapforhimandhehadwalkedstraightintoit.
她给他设下圈套,他就径直钻了进去。
Shewastrappedintheburninghouseatthatmoment.
那时她被困在燃烧着的房子里。
夯实基础
(1)Hewascaughtinatrapof(陷入)poverty.
(2)Wereyoujusttryingtotrapherintomaking(诱骗她做出)amistakendecision?
(3)Thepolicesetatrap(设圈套)tocatchthethieves.
6
burysth.in...把……埋在……
buryoneselfin埋头于,专心于
beburiedin专心于
Thepaperwasburiedunderapileofbooks.
那份文件被埋在书堆下。
Shesatthere,buriedinthought.
她坐在那儿,陷入了沉思。
夯实基础
(1)用bury的适当形式填空
①Hewalkedslowly,hishandburiedinhispocket.
②Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,buryingherheadinthebookinherhands.
③Theythinkshewasburiedinthedesert,alongwithafewothers.
(2)同义句改写
IwasburiedinthenewspaperandIdidn’tnoticewhatwashappening.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)
Buriedinthenewspaper,Ididn’tnoticewhatwashappening.
7
congratulations(tosb.)onsth.就……(向某人)祝贺
Congratulations!
祝贺你!
(口语)
congratulatevt.祝贺,向……道喜
congratulatesb.onsth.为某事向某人祝贺
Congratulationsonyourhappymarriage!
祝贺你喜结良缘!
特别提醒
(1)congratulation用作祝贺语时,通常用复数形式;作为“祝贺”这一抽象意义时,通常用单数形式。
(2)congratulate后不接带不定式的复合结构或that从句。
夯实基础
(1)单句改错
①IcongratulatedmyselfthatIhadescapedunhurt.
Icongratulatedmyselfonhavingescapedunhurt.
②Wecongratulatedhimtohavepassedtheexam.
Wecongratulatedhimonhavingpassedtheexam.
③—Bill,IhavejustpassedtheTOEFL.
—Congratulation.
Congratulations.
(2)翻译句子
人们向她祝贺她所取得的成就。
Shewascongratulatedonwhatshehadachieved.
8judgen.裁判员;法官;vt.判定;判断;判决(formanopinionaboutsth.ordecidearesultofsth.
judgesb./sth.(tobe)...判断某人(事)……
judgingfrom/by...根据……判断
inone’sjudgment依某人看来
I’mwritingtoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglishspeechcontesttobeheldinourschoolonJune15.
我写信邀请你担任6月15日在我们学校举行的英语演讲比赛的裁判。
(2010·大纲全国Ⅰ·书面表达)
Judgingbythelookonhisface,thenewsmusthavebeenterrible.
从他脸上的表情判断,这条消息肯定很糟糕。
夯实基础
(1)Judgingfromthenumberofcars,hethoughttherewerenotmanypeopleattheclub.
从车的数量来看,他认为俱乐部里的人不多。
(2)同义句改写
Inmyjudgment,allofthemaretoblame.
①Inmyopinion,allofthemaretoblame.(用opinion改写句子)
②AsfarasIamconcerned,allofthemaretoblame.(用concern改写句子)
9
inhonorof出于对某人(物)的敬意;为了纪念
havethehonorofdoing...有幸做……
It’sanhonor(forsb.)todo...很荣幸做……
It’sagreathonorformetotellyousomethingaboutourEnglishclubwhichlastsfortwomonths.
让我谈谈持续了两个月的英语俱乐部的情况对我来说是莫大的荣幸。
2010·湖南·书面表达)
Ifeelhighlyhonoredbyyourtrust.
得到您的信任,我感到十分荣幸。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
①Ihavethehonorofperformingbeforeyouall.(用it作形式主语改写句子)
It’sanhonorformetoperformbeforeyouall.
②Thestreetwasnamedafteragreatmantohonorhisgreatcontributionstothecity.(用inhonorof改写句子)
Thestreetwasnamedafteragreatmaninhonorofhisgreatcontributionstothecity.
(2)翻译句子
今天承蒙邀请到此,深感荣幸。
Itwasagreathonortobeinvitedheretoday.
preparefor为……作准备
preparesb.sth.=preparesth.forsb.为某人准备……
bepreparedfor.../todo...准备好……
preparationn.准备
inpreparationfor为……作准备
makepreparationsfor为……作准备
Iimmediatelywenttogethersomemedicineandthenpreparedsomenoodlesforher.
我马上去给她拿了些药然后为她做了些面条。
(2013·北京·情景作文)
Weeachwillpreparealittlepresent.
我们每个人都会准备一个小礼物。
(2012·大纲全国Ⅱ·书面表达)
Justinhadopenedseveralbottlesofwineinpreparationfortheparty.
贾斯廷已开了好几瓶葡萄酒为聚会作准备。
夯实基础
(1)用prepare的适当形式填空
①TheForeignMinisterwasnotpreparedforsuchquestions.
②Ifwehadn’tmadeadequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.
③—Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.
—Iwouldhaveattendedit,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.
(2)同义句改写
Upongraduationfromschool,howwellwillyoubereadyforthejobthatliesahead?
Upongraduatingfromschool,howwellwillyoubepreparedforthejobthatliesahead?
1.Ifeltalittledizzy,asifIhadjustwokenfromalongsleep.
2.Alargenumberofbookshavebeenstolenfromthelibrary.
3.ThemeetingwasnearlyatanendwhenIgottothemeetingroom.
4.Justwaitafewminutes.We’llbebackrightaway.
5.Mr.Zhangthinksmuchofhiswork,butthinkslittleofmoney.
1
thinkmuch/highly/wellof重视;看重;对……高度评价
bewell/highlythoughtof被……高度评价
singhighpraiseof/for高度评价
Igavehimsomeadvice,buthethoughtlittleofit.
我给他提了几条建议,但他根本不理会。
夯实基础
同义句改写
Mostyoungpeoplethinkwellofthepopularsong.(改为被动语态)
Thepopularsongiswellthoughtofbymostyoungpeople.
2
cometoanend结束
bringsth.toanend结束
putanendto结束
makeendsmeet使收支相抵
onend连续
endup结束;告终
Herosetoindicatethattheconversationwasatanend.他站起来表明谈话已近尾声。
夯实基础
一句多译
会议结束了。
①Themeetingwasatanend.
②Themeetingcametoanend.
③Weputanendtothemeeting.
④Webroughtthemeetingtoanend.
3
insteadof后面可接名词、代词、形容词、副词、动名词、介词短语、动词等。
insteadadv.代替,可置于句首或句末,在句首时常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。
Insteadofshoutingemptyslogans,itismoremeaningfultodonatebooksandsportsgoodstochildreninneed.
不要空喊口号,把书和运动物品捐给那些需要的孩子们会更有意义。
(2013·江苏·书面表达)
Insteadofdoingeverythingforthem,parentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentoovercomedifficultiesandinspirethemtodevelopbythemselves.
父母不应为孩子们包办一切,而应鼓励他们克服困难,激励他们自我发展。
(2013·福建·书面表达)
夯实基础
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①Thisorderofyoursissmallerinsteadoflarger(large).
②Hewillgoinsteadofme(my).
③Hewenttothelibraryinsteadofgoing(go)
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