深圳牛津8B chapter6 reading.docx
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深圳牛津8B chapter6 reading.docx
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深圳牛津8Bchapter6reading
Chapter6TheAdventuresofTomSawyer
一、重点单词
1.paintv.给…上油漆n.油漆
2.exceptprep.除了
3.begv.请求;乞求
4.joyn.欢乐;喜悦(adj.joyful)
5.gainv.获得;赚的
6.marryv.结婚
7.lecturen.讲座
8.selectv.选择
9.measurev.测量(n.measurement)
10.pavementn.人行道
二、重点短语
1.encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事
2.havearest休息
3.befree空闲的
4.comealong=appear=showup出现
5.makefunof=laughat取笑
6.justthen正在那时
7.pickup捡起;接送
8.withanappleinonehand手里拿着一个苹果
9.thinkabout=consider考虑
10.goondoing=continuedoing继续做
goontodo接着做(指做完一件接着做另一件)
11.getmoreandmoreinterested变得越来越感兴趣
12.afterawhile/moment一会儿之后
13.letsb.dosth.让某人做某事
14.dosomepainting做点油漆活
15.wantsth.tobedone想让某事被…
16.dosth.right/wrong做对/错某事
17.passby=gopast路过/经过
18.andsoon等等
19.takenotes做笔记
20.walkalong沿着…走
21.digup挖出
22.haveanargument争论
23.tricksb.intodoingsth.欺骗某人做某事
24.begforsth. 乞求,请求得到某物
25.atanytime在任何时候
26.setfree释放
27.knocksb.out打昏某人/将某人击倒
28.saveone’slife挽救某人的生命
29.getachancetodosth.做到一个机会做某事
30.belongto属于
31.getmarriedto强调动作bemarriedto强调状态结婚
32.diefrom+外因dieof+内因死于…
33.foronething首先
34.getawayfrom…摆脱,逃脱
35.tellthetruth说真话
三、课文讲解
1.Joycewantedtoencouragestudentstoreadmorefamousbooks.
wanttodosth.想要做某事
encouragev.鼓励;支持encouragementn.鼓励;支持
n.courage勇气;胆量
encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事
e.g:
Ourteachersoftenencourageustoworkhard.
2.…everyboyintownwashappy,exceptTomSawyer.
Except常与“all,every,no,none,nothing”等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用指同一类事物的总体中除去一部分。
★辨析:
except,besides,exceptfor与exceptthat
1)except(but)除……以外(不包括在内),是一种排除的关系;
besides除……之外,还有…(包括在内),是一种累加关系。
eg:
IgotoschooleverydayexceptSunday.
BesidesTom,hisdaughteralsowenttothepark.
2)exceptfor+n./pron./doing除了指从某个事物中去掉某些细节,用于对前面所说的情况进行修正,
eg:
Hiscompositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.
exceptthat+从句除了用法同exceptfor,
eg:
Hiscompositionisgoodexceptthattherewereafewspellingmistakes.
辨析:
every与each
every只用作形容词,作定语,修饰名词做主语时谓语动词用单数,强调全体,只适用于三者及以上的人或物。
e.g:
Everystudentisintheclassroom.
EveryoneofuslikesEnglish.
each既可作形容词,又可作代词。
作形容词时,后跟单数可数名词;作代词时,可跟of短语,也可单独使用。
做主语时,谓语动词一律用单数。
强调个体,适用于两个及以上的人或物。
eg:
Eachstudentishere.
Eachofthestudentsinourclassishere.
Therearemanyshopsoneachsideofthestreet.
3.Itwasthirtyyardslongandthreeyardshigh.
=Itwasthirtyyardsinlengthandthreeyardsinheight.
=Thelengthofitwasthirtyyardsandtheheightofitwasthreeyards
句型:
Itis+数词+单位词+long(wide\high\deep)
=Itis+数词+单位词+inlength(width/height/depth)
=Thelength(width\height\depth)of+itis+数词+单位词
4.havearest(n.)=rest(v.)休息
havealook(n.)=look(v.)看一看
haveashower(n.)=shower(v.)洗淋浴
5.Soontheboys(whowerefree)wouldcomealongandmakefunofhim.
1)whowerefree是boys的定语从句,修饰boys(先行词).
2)freeadj.闲着的,没事的;自由的;随意的;免费的
I’mfreethisevening.我今晚没事。
Theyenjoyfreemedicalcare.他们享受免费医疗。
Hefelthimselfatlastabsolutelyfree.他终于觉得自己完全自由了。
3)comealong出现;一起;进展
4)makefunofsb.取笑某人=laughatsb.=playtricksonsb.=makejokesabout
6.justthen正在那时
e.g:
Just then the teacher came in.就在那时,老师走了进来。
7.Hepickeduphisbrushandwentbacktowork.
pickup捡起,拾起;开车去接(某人);学到;获得
e.g:
Therewasapenontheground.Aboypickeditup.
I’dreallyliketopickupgrandpaattherailroadstation.
8.BenRogerscamealongtheroad.本.罗杰斯沿着马路走来。
along沿着;顺着
walkalongthestreet沿着这条街走
9.Hesanghappily,withanappleinonehand.
HegaveBenhisbrushwithworryonhisfacebutjoyinhisheart.
★with的用法:
1)具有、带有;
eg:
Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.
2)用、使用(工具、手段)
eg:
Heiswritingwithapencil.
Thestreetsarepavedwithstone.
3)与……一起
eg:
Ishallgotherewithmyparents.
★4)伴随状态,with复合结构
“with+n/pron.+补语(todo/doing/done/adj./adv./介词短语)”
eg:
Tomalwayssleepswithhiseyesopen.
简单介绍:
with的复合结构,是由“with+名词(或代词)+宾语补足语”组成。
常在句中做状语,表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。
其构成有下列几种情形:
1.with+名词(或代词)+现在分词
e.g:
Withpricesgoingupsofast,wecan'taffordluxuries.
2.with+名词(或代词)+过去分词
e.g:
Shehadtowalkhomewithherbikestolen.
3.with+名词(或代词)+动词不定式
e.g:
Withalotofworktodo,hewasn'tallowedtogoout.
4.with+名词(或代词)+形容词
e.g:
Iliketosleepwiththewindowsopen.
5.with+名词(或代词)+副词
e.g:
Theboystoodtherewithhisheaddown.
6.with+名词(或代词)+介词短语
e.g:
Theteachercameinwithabookinhishand.
10.Tomwentonpainting.
★goontodo接着做另一件事,即接下去做的与原来不同的事。
goondoing继续不停地做某事或间断后继续做原来没有做完的事。
goonwith间断后继续做原来没有做完的事。
e.g:
Hewentontospeakofhiswarexperiences.
Youcan’tgoonworkingwithoutabreak.
Hetookacupofcoffee,andwentonwithhisstory.
11.BenwaswatchingTom’severymove.Hewasgettingmoreandmoreinterested.
everymove一举一动
getmoreandmoreinterested变得越来越感兴趣
12.Afterawhile,hesaid,“Tom,willyouletmedosomepainting?
”
1)afterawhile过来一会儿onceinawhile偶尔
2)letsb.dosth.让某人做某事(make/havesb.dosth.)
3)dosomepainting做点油漆活
dosomeshopping/reading/cleaning/washing/cooking
4)征求对方意见或表达请求时常有的句型
Wouldyouliketodo…?
Willyoudo…?
或Shallwedo…?
Let’sdo…
What/Howabout(doing)…?
Whynotdo…?
/Whydon’tyoudo…?
Whatdoyouthinkof..?
13.Yousee,AuntPollywantsittobedoneproperly.I’mtheonlyone(thatcandoitright).
1)wantsb./sth.todo的被动语态wantsb./sth.tobedone想要sb/sth被…
2)properly=inarightway
可改写为:
AuntPollywantssomeonetodotheworkinarightway.
3)thatcandoitright是定语从句,修饰不定代词one
下文还有:
HegaveTomakite(whichheliked).
whichheliked修饰akite
14.“Well,allright,Ben,”saidTom.
allright:
好的;好吧
★辨析:
allright,that’sright,that’sallright
Allright好,行。
可以=OK
Thatisright对,没错=Youareright
Thatisallright没关系;不用谢=Notatall
15.Allday,boyspassedbyandwantedtopaint.
allday整个白天allnight整个晚上alldayandallnight全天24小时
passby路过;经过
e.g:
Manypeoplepassedbyandnoonenoticedtheoldman.
16.ThenJohnnyMillergavehimtwelvemarbles,andsoon.
andsoon等等;诸如此类
e.g:
Ilikebasketball, volleyball and so on.我喜欢篮球、排球等球类活动。
17.AuntPollywassopleasedwhenshewasthepaintedfencethatshegavehimalargecake!
so…that引导结果状语从句
pleasedadj.高兴的;满意的bepleasedwith=besatisfiedwith对…满意
pleasev.使高兴;使满意
3.marryv.结婚marriedadj.结婚的;已婚的marriagen.婚姻
★marrysb.娶某人;嫁给某人e.g:
HeisgoingtomarryJaneinMay.
marry…to…把…嫁…给e.g:
Theoldmanmarriedhisdaughtertoarichman.
★辨析:
bemarriedto与getmarriedto
bemarriedto意“和…结婚”,强调的是状态;
e.g:
LucyhasbeenmarriedtoJimfortwoyears.
getmarriedto意“和…结婚”,强调的是动作;
e.g:
BillgotmarriedtoLilyin2009.
18.diev.死亡;死;变弱;消失;熄灭
辨析:
diefrom与dieout
diefrom+外因e.g:
Hediedfromanaccident.
dieof+内因e.g:
Thegirldiedofsorrow.
19.argumentn.争吵;争执;辩论arguev.争吵;争执
haveanargument争吵
20.knockout打晕;使昏迷
e.g:
Thedrugknockedhimout.
课堂作业
一、翻译下列短语
1、鼓励某人做某事2、漆围墙
3、不得不做某事4、30码长、3码高
5、出现、一道走6、取笑某人
7、拾起8、去游泳
9、获得一次机会10、继续做某事
11、对…感兴趣12、过一会儿
13、休息14、一半
15、想要某事被做16、经过;路过
17、感觉疲备18、如此…以致于…
二.选择题
()1.Everyoneishere_________Tom.Heisillathome.
A.exceptB.besidesC.withoutD.but
()2.---Iamgoingshopping.Wouldyouliketo____me,Maria?
---Yes,I‘dloveto.
AcomealongBcomedownwithCcomedownDcomealongwith
()3.----Wherearetheotherboys?
---Theyall___totheplayground____me.
Ahavegone,exceptBhavebeen,besides
Chavegone,besidesDhavebeen,except
()4.Ihimtoworkhardandtotryfortheexam.Helookedconfidentagain.
A.encouragedB.madeC.letD.froced
()5.---DidMr.LileaveShenzhen_______Saturdaymorning?
---Yes.Hewillbeback____twoweeks.
Aon,afterBon,inCin,afterDin,in
()6.---Youreallyhavenothingtosayabouttherobbery,_____?
---Yes,Iamfeelingguilty.
AhaveyouBhaven’tyouCdoyouDdon’tyou
()7.---DoyouthinkMarkTwain’sstoriesare___?
---Yeah.Mostofusare____inhisstories.
Ainteresting,interestedBinterested,interesting
Cinteresting,interestingDinterested,interesting.
()8.Doitordon’tdoitatall.
A.properlyB.secretC.properD.excitedly
()9.Iamtheonlyone______candoitright.
A.whichB.whoC.thatD.whom
()10.Hewasreadingabook_____hehadboughtfromLondon.
AwhatBwhoCwhichDwhen
()11.I___himtoworkhardandtotryfortheexam.Helookedconfidentagain.
AencouragedBmadeCletDforced.
()12.Afterhehadfinished____thetext,hewenton_____thehousework.
Areading,doingBtoread,doingCtoread,todoDreading,todo
()13.Ourclassroomisfivemetres____andfourmetres____.
Awide,lengthBwidth,longCheight,lengthDlong,wide
()14.Thepoormanbegged_____money,butsomechildrenmadefun____him.
Ato,onBof,forCfor,ofDfor,at
()15.Theboygotupandwenton_______.
A.runB.ranC.wasrunningD.running
三、完型填空
MarkTwain,thefamousAmericanwriter,wastravellinginFrance.Oneday,hewasgoingtoDijon__1__train.ThatafternoonwhenhearrivedinDijon,itwasverylate.He___2___thathewasaheavysleeper.“I‘llprobablyprotest(抗议)loudlywhenyoutryto___3__meup,”hesaidtotheconductor.“Butdonottakeanynotice,justkeep___4__me.”ThenMarkTwainwenttosleep.Later,whenhewokeup,itwasnighttimeandthetrainwas___5___inParis.Herealizedatoncethattheconductor___6___towakehimupatDijon.Hewasveryangry.Heranuptotheconductorandbeganto__7___athim,“Ihaven’tbeenso___8___inallmylife,”MarkTwainsa
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