非圆齿轮与机械压力机运动学优化外文翻译.docx
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非圆齿轮与机械压力机运动学优化外文翻译.docx
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附录翻译
附录一:
英文文献原文
OptimizedKinematicsofMechanicalPresseswithNoncircularGears
E.Dodge(l),M.Hinderance
ReceivedonJanuary8,1997
Abstract:
Thequalityofpartsmanufacturedusingmetalformingoperationsdependstoalargedegreeonthekinematicsofthepressram.Non-circularGearytoobtainthosestroke-timebehaviorismsweaimatasanoptimumforthevariousmetalformingopewitharotational-angle-dependentspeedratiointhepressdrivemechanismofferanewWArationsintermsofmanufacturing.ThepaperexplainstheprincipleusingaprototypepresswhichwasbuiltbytheInstituteforMetalFormingandMetalFormingMachineToolsatHanoverUniversity.Itwillpresentthekinematicsaswellastheforcesandtorquesthatoccurintheprototype.Furthermore,thepaperdemonstratesusingoneexampleofdeepdrawingandoneofforgingthatthepressdrivemechanismwithnon-circulargearsmaybeusedadvantageouslyforvirtuallyallmetalformingoperations.
Keywords:
Press,Gear,Kinematics
1introductive
Increasingdemandsonqualityinallareasofmanufacturingengineering,insheetmetalformingaswellasinforging,gohandinhandwiththenecessitytomakeproductioneconomical.Increasingmarketorientationrequiresthatbothtechnologicalandeconomicrequirementsbemet.Theimprovementofquality,productivityandoutputbymeansofinnovativesolutionsisoneofthekeystomaintainingandextendingone'smarketposition.Intheproductionofpartsbymetalforming,weneedtodistinguishbetweentheperiodrequiredfortheactualformingprocessandthetimesneededtohandlethepart.
Withsomeformingprocesseswehavetoaddtimefornecessaryadditionalworksuchascoolingorlubricationofthedies.Thisyieldstwomethodsofoptimization,accordingtothetwoaspectsofqualityandoutput.Inordertosatisfybothaspects,thetaskistodesignthekinematicstakingintoaccounttherequirementsoftheprocessduringforming;alsotobeconsideredisthetimerequiredforchangingthepartaswellasforauxiliaryoperationsinlinewiththepriorityofashortcycletime.
2PressingMachineRequirements
Onemanufacturingcycle,whichcorrespondstoonestrokeofthepressgoesthroughthreestages:
loading,formingandremovingthepart.Insteadoftheloadingandremovalstagesweoftenfindfeedingthesheet,especiallyinsheercutting.Forthis,thepressrammusthaveaminimumheightforacertaintime.Duringtheformingperiodtheramshouldhaveaparticularvelocitycurve,whichwillbegoneintobelow.Thetransitionsbetweentheperiodsshouldtakeplaceasquicklyaspossibletoensureshortcycletime.Therequirementofashortcycletimeisforbusinessreasons,toensurelowpartscostsviahighoutput.Forthisreasonstrokenumbersofabout24/minforthedeepdrawingoflargeautomotivebodysheetsand1200/minforautomaticpunchingmachinesarestandardpractice.Increasingthenumberofstrokesinordertoreducecycletimeswithoutdesignchangestothepressingmachineresultsinincreasingstrainrates,however.Thishasacleareffectontheformingprocess,whichmakesitnecessarytoconsidertheparameterswhichdeterminetheprocessandareeffectedbyit.
Indeepdrawingoperations,thevelocityofimpactwhenstrikingthesheetshouldbeaslowaspossibletoavoidtheimpact.Ontheonehand,velocityduringformingmustbesufficientforlubrication.Ontheotherhand,wehavetoconsidertheriseintheyieldstresscorrespondingtoanincreaseinthestrainratewhichcreatesgreaterforcesandwhichmaycausefracturesatthetransitionfromthepunchradiustothesidewallofthepart.
Inforging,shortpressuredwelltimeisdesirable.AsthepressuredwelltimedropsthediesurfacetemperaturegoesdownandasaresultthethermalwearThisiscounteractedbytheenhancedmechanicalwearduetothegreaterformingforce,buttheincreaseduetothestrainrateiscompensatedbyloweryieldstressbecauseofthelowercoolingofthepart.Theoptimalshortpressuredwellcannowadaysbedeterminedquantitativelyusingthefiniteelementmethod[3].Inadditiontocostavoidanceduetoreductioninwear,shortpressuredwelltimeisalsoanimportanttechnologicalrequirementfortheprecisionforgingofnearnetshapeparts,whichhasapromisingfuture.
Therequirementsofhighpartqualityandhighoutputwillonlybemetbyamachinetechnologywhichtakesintoaccountthedemandsofthemetalformingprocessinequalmeasuretothegoalofdecreasingworkproductioncosts.Previouspressdesignshavenotsimultaneouslymetthesetechnologicalandeconomicalrequirementstoasufficientextent,ortheyareverycostlytodesignand
manufacture,suchaspresseswithlinkdrives[6].Thismakesitnecessarytolookforinnovativesolutionsforthedesignofthepress.Itsdesignshou
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- 关 键 词:
- 齿轮 机械 压力机 运动学 优化 外文 翻译