新概念英语第三册.docx
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新概念英语第三册.docx
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新概念英语第三册
新概念英语第三册-(6)
Lesson37TheWesthavenExpress
开往威斯特海温的快车
Text】课文
Wehavelearnttoexpectthattrainswillbepunctual.Afteryearsofconditioning,mostofushavedevelopedanunshakablefaithinrailwaytimetables.Shipsmaybedelayedbystorms;airflightsmaybecancelledbecauseofbadweather;buttrainsmustbeontime.Onlyanexceptionallyheavysnowfallmighttemporarilydislocaterailwayservices.Itisalltooeasytoblametherailwayauthoritieswhensomethingdoesgowrong.Thetruthisthatwhenmistakesoccur,theyaremorelikelytobeoursthantheirs.
Afterconsultingmyrailwaytimetable,InotedwithsatisfactionthattherewasanexpresstraintoWesthaven.Itwentdirectfrommylocalstationandthejourneylastedamerehourandseventeenminutes.WhenIboardedthetrain,Icouldnothelpnoticingthatagreatmanylocalpeoplegotonaswell.Atthetime,thisdidnotstrikemeasodd.Ireflectedthattheremustbeagreatmanypeoplebesidesmyselfwhowishedtotakeadvantageofthisexcellentservice.NeitherwasIsurprisedwhenthetrainstoppedatWidley,atinystationafewmilesalongtheline.Evenamightyexpresstraincanbeheldupbysignals.Butwhenthetraindawdledatstationafterstation,Ibegantowonder.Itsuddenlydawnedonmethatthisexpresswasnotroaringdownthelineatninetymilesanhour,butbarelychuggingalongatthirty.Onehourandseventeenminutespassedandwehadnotevencoveredhalfthedistance.IaskedapassengerifthiswastheWesthavenExpress,buthehadnotevenheardofit.Ideterminedtolodgeacomplaintassoonaswearrived.Twohourslater,IwastalkingangrilytothestationmasteratWesthaven.Whenhedeniedthetrain'sexistence,Iborrowedhiscopyofthetimetable.TherewasanoteoftriumphinmyvoicewhenItoldhimthatitwasthereinblackandwhite.Glancingatitbriefly,hetoldmetolookagain.Atinyasteriskconductedmetoafootnoteatthebottomofthepage.Itsaid:
'Thisservicehasbeensuspended.'
Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
•express
•punctual
n.快车;adj.高速的
adj.准时的;
•conditionv.使习惯于
•unshakableadj.不可动摇的
•faithn.信任
•cancelv.取消
•exceptionallyadv.例外地
•dislocatev.打乱(计划等)
•blamev.责怪
•consultv.请教,查阅
•directadv.径直地
•oddadj.奇怪的,异常的
•reflectv.细想
•advantagen.优势
•mightyadj.强大的,有力的
•dawdlev.慢吞吞的动或做
•chugv.咔嚓咔嚓地响
•lodgev.提出
•comlaint
n.抱怨
•triumph
n.胜利
•asterisk
n.星号
(*)
•conduct
v.引向,
引导
■expressn.
快车;adj.
高速的
expressway:
高速公路
expresstrain
快车
specialexpress
特快
throughexpress
直快
stopping/localtrain
慢车
■punctualadj.
准时的;
bepunctualindoingsth.在做⋯⋯方面非常准时
非常准时
bepunctualtotheminute
Eg:
Heisamanwho'spunctualtotheminute.
punctuallyadv.
unpunctualant.punctualityn.
■conditionv.使习惯于
==formahabitin
Eg:
Thissocietyhasconditionedeachofus.beconditionedto习惯了⋯⋯
Eg:
Eachofushasbeenconditionedtothesociety.
Theplantshasbeenconditionedtothecoldweatherhere.Thecoldweatherhasconditionedtheplantshere.
condition条件
onconditionthat在⋯⋯条件下如果
onnocondition在任何情况下,用在句首句子要倒装Onnoconditionmustyoubelate.
ingood/badcondition情况良好/情况糟糕
changeone'scondition结婚
intheinterestingcondition:
怀孕pregnant
■unshakableadj.■faithn.信任
keepfaithwithsb.putone'sfaithinsth
不可动摇的
对⋯⋯守信用
对⋯⋯有信心
onthefaithof
在⋯⋯的保障下,凭
faith深信不疑,信仰,比belief
⋯的信用
程度重一点
belief:
可信赖,可接受
conviction
坚定的信念
trust
相信,
依赖
credit
对⋯⋯
完全相信
■cancelv
取消
calloff==
cancel
可以互相替换
abolish
废除
rescind
撤销,
废止
writeoff
注销,勾销
crossout
划掉
■exceptionallyadv.例外地
■dislocatev.
打乱(计划等)
■blamev.
责怪
■consultv.
请教,查阅
■directadv.
径直地
■oddadj.
奇怪的,异常的
■reflectv.
细想
reflectonsth
细想⋯⋯
reflectupononeself自我反省
■advantagen
.优势
takeadvantageofsb/sth欺骗⋯⋯并利用
ofgreat/noadvantagetosb/sth对⋯⋯有(没有)好处
toadvantage更有效地
haveadvantageoversb胜过某人,比某人有优势
interest个人的利益,好处
benefit通过正当手段谋求的好处
profit金钱上的获益
good个人或集体的利益
■mightyadj.强大的,有力的
■dawdlev.慢吞吞的动或做
■chugv.咔嚓咔嚓地响
■lodgev.提出
make/lodgecomplaint提出抱怨
■comlaintn.
抱怨
■triumphn.
胜利
■asteriskn.
星号(*)
■conductv.
引向,引导
三、【课文精析】
Keysentence:
Wehavelearnttoexpectthattrainswillbepunctual.
We'velearnttoexpectthat⋯⋯我们已经习惯于期盼⋯⋯
Keysentence:
Afteryearsofconditioning,mostofushavedevelopedanunshakablefaith
inrailwaytimetables.
developanunshakablefaithinsth对⋯⋯产生了⋯⋯样的信念
Keysentence:
Onlyanexceptionallyheavysnowfallmighttemporarilydislocaterailwayservices.
Itisalltooeasytoblame
too...to句型中,在too前出现了all,only,but,not等词的时候,to就有肯定意义
Eg:
Hewasbuttooeagertogethome.
belikelytodo有可能...
Eg:
Youarelikelytogetsuccessifyouworkhard.
Itislikelythat...
Itislikelythathearrivedhereintime.
probable不能与不定式搭配比possible可能性大
Eg:
Itisprobable/possiblethat...
Eg:
Itisprobable/possiblethathewillspeaktoyou.
Itispossibleforustofinishtheworkinanhour.
strikesbas给某人以⋯⋯印象,使某人感到;as后面可以接分词、名词、形容词搭配连用Eg:
Theactivityatrokemeaswastingtime.
holdup==holdback,hinder,prevent
dawnonsb渐渐被某人明白
barely==only
inblackandwhite白纸黑字
Keystructure
We'velearnttoexpectthat⋯⋯我们已经习惯于期盼⋯⋯
We'velearnttoexpectthat⋯⋯我们已经习惯于期盼⋯⋯
Itisalltooeasytoblame
too...to句型中,在too前出现了all,only,but,not等词的时候,to就有肯定意义belikelytodo有可能...
Itislikelythat...
Thefirstparagraphisimportant
godirectfrom...to...
strikesbas给某人以⋯⋯印象,使某人感到;as后面可以接分词、名词、形容词搭配连用
holdup==holdback,hinder,preventdawnonsb渐渐被某人明白
inblackandwhite白纸黑字
Lesson38Thefirstcalender最早的日历
一、【Text】课文
Futurehistorianswillbeinauniquepositionwhentheycometorecordthehistoryofourowntimes.Theywillhardlyknowwhichfactstoselectfromthegreatmassofevidencethatsteadilyaccumulates.Whatismoretheywillnothavetorelysolelyonthewrittenword.Films,videos.CDsandCD-ROMsarejustsomeofthebewilderingamountofinformationtheywillhave.Theywillbeable,asitwere,toseeandhearusinaction.Butthehistorianattemptingtoreconstructthedistantpastisalwaysfacedwithadifficulttask.Hehastodeducewhathecanfromthefewscantycluesavailable.Evenseeminglyinsignificantremainscanshedinterestinglightonthehistoryofearlyman.
Uptonow,historianshaveassumedthatcalendarscameintobeingwiththeadventofagriculture,forthenmanwasfacedwitharealneedtounderstandsomethingabouttheseasons.Recentscientificevidenceseemstoindicatethatthisassumptionisincorrect.
Historianshavelongbeenpuzzledbydots,linesandsymbolswhichhavebeenengravedonwalls,bones,andtheivorytuskofmammoths.ThenomadswhomadethesemarkingslivedbyhuntingandfishingduringthelastIceAge,whichbeganabout35,000B.C.andendedabout10,000B.C.Bycorrelatingmarkingsmadeinvariouspartsoftheworld,historianshavebeenabletoreadthisdifficultcode.Theyhavefoundthatitisconnectedwiththepassageofdaysandthephasesofthemoon.Itis,infact,aprimitivetypeofcalendar.Ithaslongbeenknownthatthehuntingscenesdepictedonwallswerenotsimplyaformofartisticexpression.
Theyhadadefinitemeaning,fortheywereasnearasearlymancouldgettowriting.Itispossiblethatthereisadefiniterelationbetweenthesepaintingsandthemarkingsthatsometimesaccompanythem.Itseemsthatmanwasmakingarealefforttounderstandtheseasons20,000yearsearlierthanhasbeensupposed.
二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
•calendar
•historian
•uniqueadj.
•steadily
•solelyadv.
n.历法,日历
n.历史学家无与伦比的adv.不断地唯一地
•videon.录像
•CD-ROMn.(只读)光盘驱动器
•bewilderv.令人眼花缭乱
•deducev.推断,推理
•scantyadj.不足的,贫乏的
•cluen.线索
•shedv.使流出,泻•adventn.出现,到来,来临
•agriculture
n.农业
•assumptionn.假定,设想•dotn.小圆点
•symboln.符号
•engravev.雕刻
•ivoryn.象牙制品
•mammothn.(古)长毛象
•phasen.月相,天相•tuskn.獠牙,长牙、象牙•primitiveadj.原始的
•nomadn.游牧民
•depictv.描画,描绘
•correlatev.使相互联系
■calendarn.历法,日历
历史学家
■historiann.
historic具有历史意义的
Thisisahistoricspeech.
historical与历史研究有关系的
historicalresearch历史研究
■uniqueadj.无与伦比的
unique:
uneaqualed
Speechisauniquehumanability
等修饰,但
unique不能接受比较级,可以接受quite,almost,nearly,surely,really不能接受rather,very等词的修饰。
unique独一无二的,因唯一而独特
speical注重性质的特殊
especial强调超过其他的全部
Eg:
Thisisamatterofespecialimportance.Thisisaespeciallyimportantmatter.
particular特定的,着重同类中某一个所有独特的性质
Pineappleshaveparticularflavour.菠萝有特别的味道。
exceptional
extraordinary特别的,与众不同的
Eg:
ThewarmweatherisexceptionalforJamuary.
■steadilyadv.不断地
■solelyadv.唯一地
■videon.录像
■CD-ROMn.(只读)光盘驱动器
■bewilderv.令人眼花缭乱
bewilder:
confuse
Eg:
shewasbewilderedbysomanybeautifuldresses.
puzzle某问题因复杂而令人费解
Eg:
Iampuzzledbytheproblem.
perplex难以理解(包含焦虑不安,不知如何解决的意思)Eg:
Heisperplexedfortheanswer.
bewilderment:
n.
inbewilderment茫然不知所措
■deducev.推断,推理
deduce:
determineordecidesth.bygivenfacts.
Eg:
Ideducetheconclusionfromthegivenfacts.
deduce⋯from从⋯中推论,推断infer推断(不表示过程)
Eg:
Whatcanyouinferfromthetext?
deduce==>(ant.)indece归纳
■scantyadj.不足的,贫乏的
scanty:
toofew,notenough
scantyknowledge一知半解
ascantycrop欠收
bescantyofsth奇缺
beshortof短缺
这乡村学校奇缺教材
Eg:
Thevillageschoolisscantyoftextbooks.
bewantof=inneedof需要⋯⋯
■cluen.线索
■insignificantadj.不重要的
■shedv.使流出,泻
shed:
pourout
shedtears泪流满面
shedlight发光
shedlightonsb.启发,启迪
shedone'sbloodforcountry为祖国而流血。
shedone'sclothes脱去衣服
■adventn.出现,到来,来临
advent:
comingor
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