13 文章欣赏.docx
- 文档编号:9219733
- 上传时间:2023-02-03
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:21
- 大小:38.03KB
13 文章欣赏.docx
《13 文章欣赏.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《13 文章欣赏.docx(21页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
13文章欣赏
TheOceanResortHotel
CindyandJimtookavacationlastyearattheOceanResortHotel.Theyreallylovedthehotelandhadaterrifictimeontheirvacation.
Thebeachwasthecleanestandmostbeautifultheyhadeverseen.Theoceanwaterwastheclearestandwarmesttheyhadeverswumin.Theirroomwasthemostluxuriousandmostcomfortabletheyhadeverstayedin.Thefoodwasthemostdelicioustheyhadevereaten.Thehotelstaffwasthefriendliestandmostcourteoustheyhadeverencountered.Thegolfcoursewasthemostchallengingtheyhadeverplayedon.Andthenightclubshowwasthemostexcitingtheyhadeverbeento.
CindyandJimreallyenjoyedthemselvesattheOceanResortHotel.Itwasthebestvacationtheyhadevertaken.
去年,辛迪和吉姆去了海洋度假村度假。
他们真的非常喜欢这个度假村,在那儿玩了个不亦乐乎。
那儿的海滩是他们所见守的最干净、最漂亮的海滩;那儿的海水是他们所游过的最清澈、最暖和的海水;他们的房间是他们所住过的最豪华和最舒适的房间;那儿的食物是他们所吃过的最可口的食物;度假村的员工是他们所遇到过的最友好最有礼的员工。
那儿的高尔夫球场是他们所用过的最具挑战性的球场;那儿的晚间俱乐部节目也是他们所看守的最令人激动的节目。
辛迪和吉姆在海洋度假村确确实实玩得很开心。
那是他们度过的最美好的一个假期。
Somepeoplearebornwiththebeliefthattheyaremastersoftheirownlives.Othersfeeltheyareatthemercyoffate.
Newresearchshowsthatpartofthosefeelingsareinthegenes.
Psychologistshavelongknownthatpeopleconfidentintheirabilitytocontroltheirdestiniesaremorelikelytoadjustwelltogrowingoldthanthosewhofeelthattheydriftonthecurrentsoffate.
TworesearcherswhoquestionedhundredsofSwedishtwinsreportthatsuchconfidence,orlarkofit,ispartlygeneticandpartlydrawnfromexperience.
Theyalsofoundthatthebeliefinblindluck-aconvictionthatcoincidenceplaysabigroleinlifeissomethinglearnedinlifeandhasnothingtodowithheredity.
TheresearchwasconductedattheKarolinskaInstitute-betterknownasthebodythatannuallyawardstheNobelPrizeformedicinebyNancyPedersenoftheInstituteandMargaretGatz,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniainLosAngeles.TheirresultswererecentlypublishedintheUnitedStatesintheJournalofGerontology.
Peoplewhoareconfidentoftheirabilitytocontroltheirliveshavean"internallocusofcontrol,"andhaveabetterchanceofbeingwelladjustedintheiroldage,saidPedersen.
An"externallocusofcontrol,"believingthatoutsideforcesdeterminethecourseoflife,hasbeenlinkedtodepressioninlatteryears,shesaid.
"Wearetryingtounderstandwhatmakespeopledifferent.Whatmakessomepeopleagegracefullyandothershaveamoredifficulttime?
"shesaid.
Thestudyshowedthatwhilepeoplehaveaninbornpredilectiontowardindependenceandself-confidence,about70percentofthispersonalitytraitisaffectedbyaperson'senvironmentandlifetimeexperiences.
Pedersen'sstudies,withvariouscollaborators,probetheagingprocessbycomparingsetsoftwins,bothidenticalandfraternal,manyofwhomwereseparatedatanearlyage.
Thesubjectsweredrawnfromarosterfirstcompiledabout30yearsagoregisteringalltwinsborninSwedensince1886.Thecompletelist,whichwasextendedin1971,has95,000setsoftwins.
有些人天生相信他们是自我生命的主宰,其他人则觉得他们受到命运的支配。
一项新的研究发现这些感觉部份来自基因。
心理学家早就知道有信心掌握自己命运的人比那些觉得自己是受命运摆布的人更能适应老化。
两位研究学家在询问了好几百对瑞典的双胞胎后报告说,这种信心,或是信心的缺乏,一部份是与基因有关,另一部份则是来自经验的累积。
他们同时发现,相信盲目运气的人--认为巧合在生命中扮演一个很重要的角色--是在生活过程中学习而来的,与遗传毫无关系。
这项研究是在卡洛林司卡机构里进行的。
这个机构亦是每年颁赠诺贝尔医学奖的团体。
该研究是由此机构的南西·皮德森与洛杉矶南加大的心理学教授玛格丽特·贾兹所主持,他们这项研究结果最近在美国老年学的期刊上登出。
皮德森说,对自己掌握生命的能力有信心的人有一种‘内在控制的基因位点’,比较能够适应老年期。
她说,相信外在力量决定生命之旅的‘外在控制的基因位点’与晚年沮丧的情绪有关。
她说:
‘我们想了解人与人之间相异的原因是什么。
是什么原因使有些人安然悠哉地步入晚年,而有些人则比较困难?
’
这项研究显示,有人能够拥有天生的自信与独立,而百分之七十有这种个性的人,会受到环境与一生的经验所影响。
皮德森的研究,囊括了许多不同的研究学者,从事双胞胎的比较,并探讨老化的过程。
这些同卵及异卵双胞胎有许多都在很小的时候就分开了。
研究对象是由一本三十年前编纂的名册所抽出。
这本名册登记有自一八八六年以降,所有在瑞典出生的双胞胎。
这份完整的名单—直延续到一九七一年,共行几万五千对双胞胎。
OXFORDUNIVERSITY
OxfordUniversityoncefamouslyclaimedtohavebeenfoundedbyAlfredtheGreatinthe9thCentury,butinfact,theUniversityasweknowittodaybegantotakeshapeinthe12thCenturywhenEnglishScholarswereexiledfromParisUniversityandbegantocongregateatOxford’sAbbeysandPriories,whichwerebuythenalreadyestablishedcentersoflearning.
Today,39independent,self-governingcollegesarerelatedtotheUniversityinatypeoffederalsystem.EachisgovernedbyaHeadofHouseandanumberofFellows,whoareacademicsspecializinginawidevarietyofdisciplines,mostofwhomalsoholdUniversityposts.
AcrossboththeArtsandtheSciences,Oxfordresearchconsistentlyrankstopbothnationallyandinternationally.Aswellasbeingintheforefrontofscientific,medicalandtechnologicalachievement,theUniversityhasstronglinkswithresearchinstitutionsandindustrialconcernsbothintheUnitedKingdomandoverseas.TheUniversityisincomefromexternallyfundedresearchgrantsandcontractsin1996-7totaledover£107million.TheUniversity’sgreatagealsoallowsitsteachingstaffandresearchstudentstodrawonaheritageofmagnificentlibraryandmuseumcollections.
StudentsworkingforhigherdegreesareanimportantandvaluedpartofOxfordUniversity.Theycurrentlymakeupoveraquarterofthetotalstudentbodyof15,641,drawnbytheexcellentfacilitiesforresearch,whichtheUniversitycanoffer;thereforetheproportionofgraduatestudentsisincreasing.
Inallthesefields,Oxfordattractsscholarsfrommanypartsoftheworldtojoinitsteachingandresearchstaff,andalsovaluesimportantroleofoverseasgraduatestudents(approximatelyonethirdofthetotalgraduatebody)inprovidingintellectualstimulationandcreatingandmaintainingacademiclinkswithcollegesabroad.
TogainentryintotheUniversity,studentsmustfirstwinaplacebycompetitiveexaminationatoneofthecolleges,whichhavetheirownadmissionspolicies.
Theprocedureforapplicationsvariesaccordingtothesubjectyouproposetostudy.Therearenofinaldeadlinesformostapplications,unlessspecifiedinaparticularsubjectsection,buttherearemanymoreapplicationsthanplacesavailable,andtheprocessofacceptancebybothfacultyboardandcollegecantakesometime;earlyapplicationisthereforestronglyadvised.
Address:
OxfordCollegeAdmissions
Office,UniversityOffices,
WellingtonSquare,Oxford
Ox12jd,UK
E-mail:
Graduate.Admissions@admin.ox.ac.uk
牛津大学
牛津大学曾经一度盛传是由阿尔弗来德一世在9世纪建立的。
但事实上,我们今天所知道的牛津大学初建于12世纪,当时一群英国学者从巴黎大学流放过来,云集于牛津的教堂和修道院中,在那时候教学中心就已经建立起来了。
现在,39个独立、自理的学院以一种联邦体制和校方联系。
每个学院由一位院长和几名研究员管理。
他们既是多学科的专家教员,其中多数人还身兼校方职位。
从文至理,牛津大学的研究一直处于全国以及世界领先地位。
它占据了科学、医药和技术成就的最前线,同英国乃至海外的研究机构和工业部门都有着紧密的联系。
学校在1996至1997年间从校外提供的研究基金与合同中得到的总收入逾一亿七百万英镑。
悠久的历史还为教职工和学生们做研究提供了丰富的图书馆资料与博物馆馆藏。
为更高学位而攻读的学生是牛津大学内重要而且有值得一部分。
他们的人数占学生总人数15641的四分之一以上,他们被校内先进的研究设备所吸引,因此研究生的比例还在上升着。
牛津大学从世界许多国家招募了各个领域的众多学者来壮大教学研究队伍。
海外研究生(约占全体研究生的三分之一)的重要地位也受到重视,此举既鞭策了学风,又与国外的高校建立并保持了联系。
要进入牛津大学就读,首先要通过其中一所学院的竞争考试。
每个学院都有自己的录取标准。
选读的学科不同,申请的程序也有区别。
在大多数情况下,没有限制申请的最后期限,除非是某个特别学科有特定要求。
但由于申请人数远远大于就读名额,而且要通过院、校双方的录取程序也颇费周章,因此极力建议越早申请越好。
WhoMovedMyCheese?
AnAmazingWaytoDealWithChangeInYourWork&InYourLife
DRSPENCERJOHNSON
“Cheese”–ametaphorforwhatwewanttohaveinlife,whetheritisajob,arelationship,money,abighouse,freedom,health,recognition,spiritualpeace,orevenanactivitylikejoggingorgolf.
EachofushasourownideaofwhatCheeseis,andwepursueitbecausewebelieveitmakesushappy.Ifwegetit,weoftenbecomeattachedtoit.Andifweloseit,orit’stakenaway,itcanbetraumatic.
ONCE,longago,therelived4littlecharacterswhoranthroughamazelookingforcheesetonourishthem&makethemhappy.
Twoweremicenamed“Sniff”&“Scurry”andtwowerelittlepeoplenamed“Hem”&“Haw”.
Everymorning,themice&thelittlepeopledressedintheirrunninggear&headedovertoCheeseStationCwheretheyfoundtheirownkindofcheese.ItwasalargestoreofCheesethatHem&Haweventuallymovedtheirhomestobeclosertoit&builtasociallifearoundit.
Tomakethemselvesfeelmoreathome,Hem&Hawdecoratedthewallswithsayings.Oneread:
"HavingCheeseMakesyouHappy".
HavingCheeseMakesYouHappy
Onemorning,Sniff&ScurryarrivedatCheeseStationC&discoveredtherewasnocheese.
Theyweren’tsurprised.Sincetheyhadnoticedthesupplyofcheesehadbeengettingsmallereveryday,theywerepreparedfortheinevitable&knewinstinctivelywhattodo.TheywerequicklyoffinsearchofNewCheese.
Laterthatsameday,Hem&Hawarrived.“What!
NoCheese?
WhomovedmyCheese?
It’snotfair!
”,Hemyelled.Theywenthomethatnighthungry&discouraged.Butbeforetheyleft,Hawwroteonthewall:
TheMoreImportantYourCheeseisToYou,TheMoreYouWantToHoldOntoIt.
ThenextdayHem&Hawlefttheirhomes,&returnedtoCheeseStationC.Butsituationhadn’tchanged.Hawasked,“WhereareSniff&Scurry?
Doyouthinktheyknowsomethingwedon’t?
”Hemscoffed,“Whatwouldtheyknow?
They’rejustsimplemice.Theyjustrespondtowhathappens.We’relittlepeople.We’resmarter.”
Hawsuggested,“Maybeweshouldstopanalyzingthesituationsomuchandjustgetgoing&findsomeNewCheese.
HawdecidedtoleaveCheeseStationCwhileHemwasmorecomfortablestayinginthecheeselessStationC.Hawannounced,“It’sMAZEtime!
”andwrote:
IfYouDoNotChange,
YouCanBecomeExtinct
WhoMovedMyCheese?
Meanwhile,Sniff&ScurrywentfartherintothemazeuntiltheyfoundCheeseStationN.Theyfoundwhattheyhadbeenlookingfor:
agreatsupplyofNewCheese.Itwasthebiggeststoreofcheesethemicehadeverseen.
Hawontheotherhandbecomemoreanxious&wonderedifhereallywantedtogooutintotheMaze.Hewroteasayingonthewallaheadofhim&staredatitforsometime:
WhatWouldYouDo
IfYouWeren’
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 13 文章欣赏 文章 欣赏