金属材料外文翻译关于硬质合金刀具刀刃磨损的研究.docx
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金属材料外文翻译关于硬质合金刀具刀刃磨损的研究.docx
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金属材料外文翻译关于硬质合金刀具刀刃磨损的研究
中文2315字
外文文献原文
STUDYONBOUNDARYNOTCHOFCEMENTE
CARBIDECUTTINGTOOL1
AbstractTheperformanceofcementedcarbidecuttingtoolsdirectlyinfluencemachiningqualityofthemachinedworkpiece.Inthispaper,theformingmechanismofboundarynotchofcementedcarbidecuttingtoolisstudied,relatedtheoriesanalyzed,adefinitionoftheboundarynotchsizepresented,andmainfactorstoinfluenceboundarynotchoftoolpointedout.Besidesformingprocessandchangelayoftheboundarynotchoftoolarefoundout,andacertainnumberofmeasurestodecreaseandcontroltheboundarynotchoftoolhavebeenadvanced.
Keywordsboundarynotch;cementedcarbidecuttingtool;cuttingburr;cornerradius;toolcuttingedgeangle
1INTRODUCTION
Thewearandboundarynotchofcementedcarbidecuttingtoolsareoftenfoundinthemachining.Theydirectlyinfluencemachiningqualityofthemachinedworkpieceandthecuttingperformanceandlifeofthecutter.Especially,intheprecisionmachining,flexiblemanufacturingsystem(FMS)andotherautomationmanufacture,wearandboundarynotchbehaviorsofcementedcarbidetoolsareevenmoreimportant.Metalcuttingexperienceshaveexpoundedthatwearandboundarynotchofthecementedcarbidecuttingtoolsaremoreseriousinthemachiningoftheworkpieceinwhichthestrainhardeningishighandtheremainingisnoteven.Itseriouslyinfluencesthemachiningqualityofthemachinedpieceandthecuttingperformanceandlifeofthecutter.But,sofar,therehasnotbeenmuchresearchontheboundarynotchmechanismofcementedcarbidecuttingcutter,andthetechnicalmeasurestoreduceboundarynotchofcementedcarbidecuttingtoolsarefewer[1,2].Sothat,thebasedonthemachiningexperimentsoffrictionweldedjoint,thisresearchfocusesontheformingprocessesandmainrulesoftheboundarynotch,andhasdevelopedseveralmeasurestoresistorlessenboundarynotch,whichprovidesatheoreticalandexperimentalbasetoensurecuttingperformancesofcuttersandmachiningquality.
2THEFORMINGPROCESSANDMAINSIZEOFBOUNDARYNOTCH
Theboundarynotchofcementedcarbidecuttingtoolsisaweararea,whichisrelativelylarge,resultingfromfrictionbetweenmaincuttingedgeandthesurfaceoftheworkpieceasthefollowingFig.1.Fig.1(a)showsatraditionalwearingtypeoftheflank.TherakefaceArandflankfaceAaarealsoshown.Fig.1(b)showsthemaindimensionofboundarynotchofthelathetool,inwhichVNrepresentedtheheightofboundarynotchandCreferstothewidth.ItisapparentthatthegreaterthedimensionsofVNandCare,thegreateritdestroystheperformanceoftoolsandinfluencesthemachiningquality[3,4].
Byexperiment,theformingprocessoftheboundarynotchcanbedividedintothefollowingthreesteps:
firstly,severalmicrocracksareproducedatmaincuttingedge.Secondly,themeshfracturesarefoundintheboundaryareasandtheywillspread.Finally,thepiecematerialwillbedenudedandtheboundarynotchisformed.Inthesubsequentcuttingprocess,thedimensionoftheboundarybecomesbiggerandbigger.
Fig.2showstheformingprocessofboundarynotchofthecementedcarbidecuttingtools.
Mainfactorstoinfluenceboundarynotcharemechanicalperformanceofthepiecematerial,thecuttermaterial,andgeometryparameterofthecutter.Thefollowingexperimentswerecarriedoutinordertoexpoundtheformingmechanismandevolutionrulesoftheboundarynotch..
Fig.1Boundarynotchofthecementedcarbidecuttingtoolinturning
Fig.2Formingprocessofboundarynotchofthecementedcarbidecuttingtools.
3EXPERIMENTCONDITIONSANDTESTINGMEASURES
ThelatheC6130andreversiblecuttingtoolareusedintheexperiment.Fivecuttermaterialsareemployed.MainmechanicalparametersofcuttermaterialareshowninTable1.
Themachiningpieceisthefriction-weldedlineofthesinglehydraulicpillar.Thewidthoftheweldedlineis15mmandthemachiningallowanceis5.5mm.Besides,theabovepillarisweldedwith270SiMnand45#steel.TherelativelymechanicalperformancesoftheweldedlineareshowninTable2.
BasedonmanufacturingexperienceandrelativeinformationinChinaandothercountriesaboutsimilarmachiningprocess,thechosenmachiningandtoolgeometryparametersareshowninTable3.
Theboundarynotchdimensionsofthecementedcarbidecuttingtools(boundarynotchheightVNandwidthCaredirectlyattainedbytoolmicroscope.Inordertoensurereliabilityoftheresults,repeatedexperimentsarecarriedout.Therecurrentperformanceisgood.
4EXPERIMENTRESULTSANDANALYSIS
4.1CutterMaterials
Fordifferentcuttermaterials,asshowninFig.3,themachiningperformanceandtheabilitytoresistboundarynotcharedistinctlydifferent.
FromFig.3,wecanfindtheboundarynotchdimensionsarerelativelylargewhenYD10,YD15andYWareused.WhereastheboundarynotchdimensionissmallestwhenYTS25isused.Becauseoftheasymmetryallowancesimpactsandvibrationswilltakeplace.YTS25cutterhasbetterimpact-resistingperformanceandboundarynotchdimension.Therefore,YTS25cuttermaterialisselectedtodothefollowingexperiments.
Table1MaterialPerformancesofCutters
Type
MaterialPerformance
Remark
HRA
σb(kg/mm2)
Γ(g/cm2)
YD10
YD15
707
YW2
YTS25
≥92
≥90.5
≥92
≥91
≥91
≥130
≥125
≥145
≥150
≥200
12.4~112.8
11.5~12.1
11.8~12.5
12.7~1.3.3
12.8~13.2
Northtools
Northtools
ZiGong
Zhugong
Zhuzhou
Table2MechanicalPerformancesofCutters
Item
Tensilestrength
Elongationrate
Shrinkagerate
Impacttoughness
σb
(kg/mm2)
δ
(%)
T
(%)
Αk
(kg/cm2)
270SiMn
100
12
40
5
45#
61
16
40
5
WeldingLine
64.6~82
5.5~13
37.6~46.2
3.5~6.4
Table3CuttingParameters
CuttingvelocityV(m/min)
75
Cuttingdepthαp(mm)
5.5
Feedratef(mm/r)
0.3
Rakeangleγ0(□
10
Clearanceangleα0(□
8
CuttingedgeangleKr(□
845;75;90
Edgeinclinationλs(□
-5
Negativechamferbα1(mm)
0.1;0.2;0.3
Cuttercornerradiusrε(mm)
0.2;0.4;0.8
4.2InfluencesofCuttingEdgeAngle
TheresultsofthevarietyboundarynotchareshownasinFig.4whenthecuttingedgeangleischanged.FromFig.4wecanfindthat,withthelesseningofthecuttingedgeangleKr,thedimensionsoftheboundarynotchdecrease.ThereasonisthatwiththelesseningofthecuttingedgeangleKr,thelengthofthecuttingedgethatactsoncuttingbecomeslargerandtheaverageloadsonthecuttingedgebecomelighter.
4.3InfluencesofCutterCornerRadiusrε
TheresultsofthevarietyboundarynotchwiththecuttercornerchangingareshownasFig.5.Theboundarynotchdimensiondecreaseswiththecuttercornerradiusrεbecominglesser.Thereasonisthatwiththeincreasingofthecuttercornerradius,theimpact-resistanceperformance.
Fig.3Differentboundarynotchresultstodifferentuttermaterial
Fig.4InfluencesofcuttingedgeangleKr
increasesandthevolumeofthecutterthatenduresheatbecomeslarger.Therefore,underthesamecuttingconditions,boundarynotchdimensions(VN,C)decreasewhenthecuttercornerradiusbecomeslesser.
4.4InfluencesofNegativeChamferbαl
TheexperimentresultsofthevarietyboundarynotchareshownasinFig.6whenthewidthofthenegativechamferischanged.Thedimensionoftheboundarynotchwilldecreasewhenthewidthofthenegativechamferbαldecreases.Therefore,inordertoresistordecreasethecutterboundarynotch,thelessernegativechamferbαlshouldbechosen.
4.5DeburringMachiningProcess
Theburrshavesomeinfluencesoncutterboundarynotchinmetalmachiningprocess.Adeburringcutterischosentodecreasetheadverseinfluenceoncutter.AdifferentresultbetweendeburringmachiningprocessandcommonmachiningprocessisshownasinFig.7.Itcanbeseenthatabout75%oftheboundarynotchisdecreased.So,burrisamainfactortoproduceandincreasetheboundarynotchofthecutter.
Fig.5InfluenceofcuttercornerradiusR
Fig.6Influencesofnegativechamferwidth
Fig.7Deburringmachiningprocessandcommonmachiningprocess
5CONCLUSIONS
Fromaboveexperimentalresearchandtheoreticalanalysis,thefollowingconclusionsareattained:
1)BoundarynotchofthecuttingtoolcanbeexpressedbyboundarynotchheightVNandboundarynotchwidthC.Theformingprocessesofboundarynotchcanbedividedintothreesteps:
micro-tippingappearsfirstly;Then,meshfracturesexpand;Finally,boundarynotchresults.
(2)Mainfactorsthatinfluenceboundarynotchofcementedcarbidecutterarepiecematerial,cuttermaterialandcuttergeometryparameters.
(3)Deburringmachiningprocessandadjustingcuttingtoolgeometryparameters(toreduceedgeangleKrandwidthofnegativechamferbαl,toincreasecuttercornerradiusrε)canbechosentodecreaseeffectivelyboundarynotch,whichensuresthequalityofworkpieceandcuttingperformancesofcuttingtool.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
TheauthorsaregratefultoNaturalScienceFoundationofP.R.C.forsupportofthisproject(GrantNo.59775071and50275066).
REFERENCES
[1]WANGGuicheng.InnerStressintheSurfaceofBrazedCementedCarbideCuttingTool.CementedCarbide.1989,6(4):
p.169~172(inChinese)
[2]WANGGuicheng.CuttingPerformancesofBrazedCementedCarbideCuttingTool.CementedCarbide.1993,10
(1):
p.69~72(inChinese)
[3]ZHOUZehua.ThePrinciplesofMetalCutting.Shanghai:
ShanghaiScienceandTechnologyPress,1985(inChinese)
[4]ZHANGYouzhen.MetalCuttingTheory.Beijing:
AviationIndustryPress,998(inChinese)
关于硬质合金刀具刀刃磨损的研究
摘要硬质合金刀具的性能直接影响到工件的切削质量。
在这篇文章里,研究了刀具磨损的形成机制,分析相关理论,提出了刀具磨损尺寸的定义,并且指出了刀具磨损的主要因素。
除硬质合金刀具的形成过程和变动位置以外发现,并且一定数量的措施减少和控制硬质合金刀具被推进了。
关键词刀刃磨损;硬质合金刀
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