MPICH2 Readme.docx
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MPICH2 Readme.docx
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MPICH2Readme
MPICH2Release1.0
MPICH2isanall-newimplementationofMPIfromthegroupatArgonne
NationalLaboratory.ItsharesmanygoalswiththeoriginalMPICHbut
noactualcode.Itisportable,high-performance
implementationoftheentireMPI-2standard.Thisreleasehas
allMPI-2functionsandfeaturesrequiredbythestandardwiththe
exeptionofsupportforthe"external32"portableI/Oformat.
Italsocurrentlysupportsonlyafewcommunicationmethods.
ThisisthefirstcompletereleaseofMPICH2.Ithasbeentestedbyus
onavarietyofmachinesinourownenvironment,butnotallofithas
yetbeenextensivelytestedbyoutsideusers.Ifyouhaveproblems,pleasereportthemtompich2-maint@mcs.anl.gov;weareinterestedin
incorporatinguserexperiencesasquicklyaspossible.
ThisREADMEfileshouldcontainenoughinformationtogetyoustarted
withMPICH2.Moreextensiveintstallationanduserguidescanbefound
inthedoc/installguide/install.pdfanddoc/userguide/user.pdffiles
respectively.Additionalinformationregardingthecontentsofthe
releasecanbefoundattheendofthisREADMEunder"StatusofMPI-2
FeaturesinMPICH2",intheCHANGESfileinthetop-leveldirectory,and
intheRELEASE_NOTESfile,wherecertainrestrictionsaredetailed.
Finally,theMPICH2website,http:
//www.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/mpich2,
containsinformationonbugfixesandnewreleases.
WindowsusersshouldseethefileREADME.windowsinthisdirectory.
GettingStarted
===============
Thefollowinginstructionstakeyouthroughasequenceofstepstoget
thedefaultconfiguration(TCPcommunication,MPDprocessmanagement)of
MPICH2upandrunning.Alternateconfigurationoptionsaredescribed
later,inthesection"Alternativeconfigurations".
1.Youwillneedthefollowingprerequisites.
-Thistarfilempich2-1.0.tar.gz
-ACcompiler(gccissufficient)
-AFortrancompilerifFortranapplicationsaretobeused(g77is
sufficient)
-AC++compilerfortheC++MPIbindings(g++issufficient)
-Python2.2orlater(forthedefaultMPDprocessmanager)
-PyXMLandanXMLparserlikeexpat(inordertousempiexecwith
theMPDprocessmanager)
-AFortran-90compilerifyouconfigurewith--enable-f90.Only
MPI-2"basic"supportisprovidedatthistime(noF90module).
Configurewillcheckfortheseprerequisitesandtrytoworkaround
deficienciesifpossible.(Ifyoudon'thaveFortran,youwill
stillbeabletouseMPICH2,justnotwithFortranapplications.)
2.Unpackthetarfileandgotothetopleveldirectory:
tarxfzmpich2.tar.gz
cdmpich2-1.0
Ifyourtardoesn'tacceptthezoption,use
gunzipmpich2.tar.gz
tarxfmpich2.tar
cdmpich2-1.0
3.Chooseaninstallationdirectory(thedefaultis/usr/local/bin):
mkdir/home/you/mpich2-install
Itwillbemostconvenientifthisdirectoryissharedbyallofthe
machineswhereyouintendtorunprocesses.Ifnot,youwillhave
toduplicateitontheothermachinesafterinstallation.
4.ConfigureMPICH2,specifyingtheinstallationdirectory:
./configure-prefix=/home/you/mpich2-install|&teeconfigure.log
(Onshanditsderivatives,use"2>&1|teeconfigure.log"instead
of"|&teeconfigure.log").Otherconfigureoptionsaredescribed
below.YoumightalsoprefertodoaVPATHbuild(seebelow).
Checktheconfigure.logfiletomakesureeverythingwentwill.
Problemsshouldbeself-explanatory,butifnot,sent
configure.logtompich2-maint@mcs.anl.gov.
5.BuildMPICH2:
make|&teemake.log
Thisstepshouldsucceediftherewerenoproblemswiththe
precedingstep.Checkmake.log.Iftherewereproblems,send
make.logtompich2-maint@mcs.anl.gov.
6.InstalltheMPICH2commands:
makeinstall|&teeinstall.log
Thisstepcollectsallrequiredexecutablesandscriptsinthebin
subdirectoryofthedirectoryspecifiedbytheprefixargumentto
configure.
7.Addthebinsubdirectoryoftheinstallationdirectorytoyourpath:
setenvPATH/home/you/mpich2-install:
$PATH
forcshandtcsh,or
exportPATH=/home/you/mpich2-install:
$PATH
forbashandsh.Checkthateverythingisinorderatthispointby
doing
whichmpd
whichmpiexec
whichmpirun
Allshouldrefertothecommandsinthebinsubdirectoryofyour
installdirectory.Itisatthispointthatyouwillneedto
duplicatethisdirectoryonyourothermachinesifitisnot
inasharedfilesystemsuchasNFS.
8.MPICH2,unlikeMPICH,usesanexternalprocessmanagerforscalable
startupoflargeMPIjobs.Thedefaultprocessmanageriscalled
MPD,whichisaringofdaemonsonthemachineswhereyouwillrun
yourMPIprograms.Inthenextfewsteps,youwillgethisringup
andtested.MoredetailsoninteractingwithMPDcanbefoundin
theREADMEfileinmpich2-1.0/src/pm/mpd,suchashowtolist
runningjobs,kill,suspend,orotherwisesignalthem,andhowto
usethempigdbdebugger.Theinstructionsgivenhereshouldbe
enoughtogetyoustarted.
Beginbyplacinginyourhomedirectoryafilenamed.mpd.conf,
containingtheline
secretword=
where
notbeyournormalUnixpassword.Makethisfilereadableand
writableonlybyyou:
chmod600.mpd.conf
9.Thefirstsanitycheckconsistsofbringinguparingofonempdon
thelocalmachine,testingonempdcommand,andbringingthe"ring"
down.
mpd&
mpdtrace
mpdallexit
Theoutputofmpdtraceshouldbethehostnameofthemachineyouare
runningon.Thempdallexitcausesthempddaemontoexit.
10.Nowwewillbringuparingofmpd'sonasetofmachines.Createa
fileconsistingofalistofmachinenames,oneperline.Namethis
filempd.hosts.Thesehostnameswillbeusedastargetsforsshor
rsh,soincludefulldomainnamesifnecessary.Checkthatyoucan
reachthesemachineswithsshorrshwithoutenteringapassword.
Youcantestbydoing
sshothermachinedate
or
rshothermachinedate
Ifyoucannotgetthistoworkwithoutenteringapassword,youwill
needtoconfiguresshorrshsothatthiscanbedone,orelseuse
theworkaroundformpdbootinthenextstep.
11.Startthedaemonson(someof)thehostsinthefilempd.hosts
mpdboot-n
Thenumbertostartcanbelessthan1+numberofhostsinthe
file,butcannotbegreaterthan1+thenumberofhostsinthe
file.Onempdisalwaysstartedonthemachinewherempdbootis
run,andiscountedinthenumbertostart,whetherornotitoccurs
inthefile.
Thereisaworkaroundifyoucannotgetmpdboottoworkbecauseof
difficultieswithsshorrshsetup.Youcanstartthedaemons"by
hand"asfollows:
mpdstartsthelocaldaemon
mpdtrace-l#makesthelocaldaemonprintitshost
#andportintheform
Thenlogintoeachoftheothermachines,puttheinstall/bin
directoryinyourpath,anddo:
mpd-h
wherethehostnameandportbelongtotheoriginalmpdthatyou
started.Fromeachmachine,afterstartingthempd,youcando
mpdtrace
toseewhichmachinesareintheringsofar.Moredetailson
mpdbootandotheroptionsforstartingthempd'sarein
mpich2-1.0/src/pm/mpd/README.
12.Testtheringyouhavejustcreated:
mpdtrace
TheoutputshouldconsistofthehostswhereMPDdaemonsarenow
running.Youcanseehowlongittakesamessagetocirclethis
ringwith
mpdringtest
Thatwasquick.Youcanseehowlongittakesamessagetogo
aroundmanytimesbygivingmpdringtestanargument:
mpdringtest100
mpdringtest1000
13.Testthattheringcanrunamultiprocessjob:
mpdrun-n
Thenumberofprocessesneednotmatchthenumberofhostsinthe
ring;iftherearemore,theywillwraparound.Youcanseethe
effectofthisbygettingranklabelsonthestdout:
mpdrun-l-n30hostname
Youprobablydidn'thavetogivethefullpathnameofthehostname
commandbecauseitisinyourpath.Ifnot,usethefullpathname:
mpdrun-l-n30/bin/hostname
14.NowwewillrunanMPIjob,usingthempiexeccommandasspecified
intheMPI-2standard.Therearesomeexamplesintheinstall
directory,whichyouhavealreadyputinyourpath,aswellasin
thedirectorympich2-1.0/examples.Oneofthemistheclassiccpi
example,whichcomputesthevalueofpibynumericalintegrationin
parallel.
mpiexec-n5cpi
Aswithmpdrun(whichisusedinternallybympiexec),thenumberof
processesneednotmatchthenumberofhosts.Thecpiexamplewill
tellyouwhichhostsitisrunningon.Bydefault,theprocesses
arelaunchedoneaftertheotheronthehostsinthempdring,soit
isnotnecessarytospecifyhostswhenrunningajobwithmpiexec.
Therearemanyoptionsformpiexec,bywhichmultipleexecutables
canberun,hostscanbespecified(aslongastheyareinthempd
ring),separatecommand-lineargumentsandenvironmentvariablescan
bepassedtodifferentprocesses,andworkingdirectoriesandsearch
pathsforexecutablescanbespecified.Do
mpiexec--help
fordetails.Atypicalexampleis:
mpiexec-n1master:
-n19slave
or
mpiexec-n1-hostmymachine:
-n19slave
toensurethattheprocesswithrank0runsonyourworkstation.
Theargumentsbetween':
'sinthissyntaxarecalled"argument
sets",sincetheyapplytoasetofprocesses.Somearguments,
called"global",applyacrossallargumentsetsandmustappear
first.Forexample,togetranklabelsonstandardoutput,use
mpiexec-l-n3cpi
SeetheUser'sGuideformuchmoredetailonargumentstompiexec.
ThempiruncommandfromtheoriginalMPICHisstillavailable,
althoughitdoesnotsupportasmanyoptionsasmpiexec.Youmig
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