湖北省随州市高考英语阅读理解短文改错训练3.docx
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湖北省随州市高考英语阅读理解短文改错训练3.docx
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湖北省随州市高考英语阅读理解短文改错训练3
湖北省随州市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练(3)(答案或解析)
Dogtrainingisabusinessforsomepeople,aserioushobbyforothers,andaonceinalifetimeexperienceformany.Individualsinallofthesecategorieswouldprobablyagreethatconsistency(一致性)isakeyelementofsuccessfromthebeginning.
Ifpuppiesaretobesocialized,theymustlearntocontroltheimpulsetousethecarpetasabathroom,chewshoes,andnipatfingers.Thefirstissue,bathroomtrainingismoreeasilyaccomplishedinwarmweather.Trytofeedyourpupoutdoors,andafterhehasfinishedeating,takehimtoaspotwhereyouwouldlikehimtoeliminate.Ifhecooperates,praisehimgenerouslywithwordsandpats.Takehimtothesamespotaftereachmeal,andeventuallyhewillfollowthisroutinehimself.
Thesightofasmallpuppychewingthroughanewtennisshoewillmakeyoudowelltoremovethestolenshoefromthepup’smouthandfirmly
say“no!
”.Provideyourpupwithsomeacceptabletoys,suchasaballorachewtoy.
Untilyourpupiswelltrainedandtrustworthy,don’tleavehimunattendedunlessheislimitedtoasmallarea.Whenheisyoung,youwanttobesure
someonewillpraiseyourpupfordesiredbehaviorandexpressdisapprovalwhenhedoessomethingyouwanttodiscourage.
Youwillwantyourdogtolearntorespondtothecommands“Come”,“Sit”,and“Stay”.Again,consistencyandpraisewillhelpyouachievethisgoal.Eachtimethedogrespondsasyouwish,praisehim.Wheneverheignoresyourcommand,makehimdowhatyoucommandedandthenpraisehim.
Negativebehaviormustbeattendedtoalso.Youcandisciplinemostdogswithouthittingthem.Sincetheyareusuallyanxioustoplease,mostdogsaredutypunishedbycruelwordsandtoneofvoice.Remembertobeconsistentsoyourdogknowsunquestioninglywhatisacceptablebehavior.
Althoughthefirststagesofdogtrainingrequiregreatdealoftimeandpatience,therewardofasocializedandobedientdogiswellworththeeffort.
1.Dogtrainingisappropriatelyattemptedby______.
A.professionalsB.hobbyists
C.zoologistsD.anyone
2.Whatisnegativebehaviorbesthandledby?
A.Aslaponthenose.
B.Tyingthedogup.
C.Afirmtoneofvoice.
D.Starvingthedog.
3.ThearticledealswithallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.
A.chewingproblems
B.barkingatstrangers
C.bathroomtraining
D.respondingtocommands
4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthispassage?
A.TipsonTraini
ngYourDog
B.AGoodPuppy
C.ASix-weekProgramtoTrainYourDog
D.LeaveDogTrainingtotheProfessionals
文章就如何驯狗进行说明。
1.D。
推理判断题。
通读全文可知:
只要你坚持,任何人都能驯狗,因此D项正确。
2.C。
细节理解题。
由文章的倒数第二自然段中的“...,mostdogsaredutypunishedbycruelwordsandtoneofvoice.”可知C项为正确答案。
3.B。
推理判断题。
通读短文可知:
文章中并未涉及驯狗向陌生人吠叫的内容,故本题应选B。
4.A。
主旨大意题。
本文主要话题是说如何驯狗,因此A项为正确答案。
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(辽宁卷)
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【重庆八中】
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。
对标有题号的每一行做出判断:
如有错误(每行只有
一个错误),则按下列情况改正:
此行多一个词:
把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜
线划掉。
此行缺一个词:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(八),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词:
在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意:
每行都有一个错误。
Iwasahonestchildindeed.Ididn’tdaretotelllies76.
becauseofmyeyesoftenletthesecretout.Iremembered77.
tellingalietomyparents,andIcouldhardfixmyeyeson78.
myfather’sface,letalonemymothereyes.Iglanced79.
hereandthere,upordown,nervously.80.
However,afterIcametoBeijing,Inolongerhaveto81.
worrymyeyesbecauseeverythingIwantedtosay82.
wassentbyletter.Ifoundmyselfoftentellsmalllies.I83.
wrote,“I’mfineinBeijing.Ienjoythefoodsellingatthe84.
university.Andattheweekends,Ioftenbuyfriedchickens85.
orporktoeat.”
短文改错:
76.a改为an77.删去of78.hard改为hardly
79.mother改为mother’s80.or改为and
81.have改为had82.my前加about83.tell改为telling
84.selling改为sold85.chickens改为chi
cken
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(2012江苏卷)
Medicaldrugssometimescausemoredamagethantheycure.Onesolutiontothisproblemistoputthedrugsinsideacapsule,protectingthemfromthebody—andthebodyfromthem—untiltheycanbereleasedatjusttherightspot.Therearelotsofwaystotrigger(引发)thisrelease,includingchangingtemperature,acidity,andsoon.Buttriggerscancomewiththeirownrisks—burns,forexample.Now,researchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:
shiningnear-infraredlight(NIR,近红外线)onthedruginthecapsule.
Theideaofusinglighttoliberatethedruginthecapsuleisn'tnew.Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers(聚合物)andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbcitherultraviolet(UV,紫外线)orvisiblelight.ButtissuesalsoreadilyabsorbUVandvisiblelight,whichmeansthedrugreleasecanbetriggeredonlyneartheskin,wherethelightcanreachthecapsule.NIRlightlargelypassesthroughtissues,soresearchershavetriedtouseitasatrigger.Butfewcompounds(化合物)absorbNIRwellandgothroughchemicalchanges.
ThatchangedlastyearwhenAdahAlmutairi,achemistattheUniversityofC
alifornia,SanDiego,reportedthatsheandhercolleagueshaddesignedapolymerthatbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.TheirpolymerusedacommerciallyavailableNIR-absorbinggroupcalledo-nitrobenzyl(ONB).Whentheycatchthelight,ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer,leadingtoitsbreakdown.ButONBisonlyaso-soNIRabsorber,anditcouldbepoisonoustocellswhenitseparatesfromthepolymer.
SoAlmutairiandhercolleaguesreportedcreatinganewmaterialforcapsulesthat'sevenbetter.Thisoneconsistsofalongchainofcompoundscalledcresolgroupslinke
dinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive(易反应的)componentsthatmakeithighlyunstableinitspolymericform,afeatureAlmutairiandhercolleaguesusetotheiradvantage.Afterpolymerizingthecresols,theycapeachreactivecomponentwithalight-absorbingcompoundcalledBhc.Whent
heB
hcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivegroupsareexposedandbreakthelongpolymerintotwoshortchains.Shiningadditionallightcontinuesthisbreakdown,po
tentiallyreleasinganydrugsinthecapsule.What'smore,Almutairisays,Bhcis10timesbetteratabsorbingNIRthanisONBandisnotpoisonoustocells.
63.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttrigger?
A.Temperaturechange.B.NIRlight.
C.Aciditychange.D.UVlight.
64.WhyinONBunsatisfactory?
A.ItbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.
B.Itfallsoffthepolymerandtriggersdrugrelease.
C.Ithasnotcomeontothemarketuptillnow.
D.Itisnoteffectiveenoughandcouldbepoisonous.
65.Whichwordcanbeusedtocompletethefollowingprocessofchanges?
A.Protected
B.formedC.exposedD.combined
【考点】科技问—说明文
【文章大意】。
本文是一篇科技文,围绕“怎样使用胶囊,让吃药更加安全、疗效好”这个主题展开研究。
63.【答案】B
【试题解析】细节理解题。
根据第一段最后一句“Now,researchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:
shiningnear-infraredlightonthedruginthecapsule.”可知,应选B项。
【难度】一般
64.【答案】
D
【试题解析】推理判断题。
根据第三段最后两句中“…ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer,leadi
ngtoitsb
reakdown”和“…anditcouldbepoisonoustocells…”可知,应选D项。
【难度】较难
65.【答案】C
【试题解析】细节理解题。
根据最后一段第五句中“WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivegroupsareexposed…”可知此处用exposed,即C项正确。
【难度】一般
【长难句解析】
1.Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers(聚合物)andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbcitherultraviolet(UV,紫外线)orvisiblelight.
本句是polymers(聚合物)andothermaterials的定语从句,when引导的时间状语从句。
2.Thisoneconsist
sofalongchainofcompoundscalledcresolgroupslinkedinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive(易
反应的)componentsthatmakeithighlyunst
ableinitspolymericform,afeature
本句是called动词过去分词做后置定语,修饰alongchainofcompounds.后面是reactive(易反应的)components的定语从句
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阅读理解(共25小题,每题2分,满分50分)
A
Aftergivingatalkatahighschool,Iwasaskedtopayavisittoaspecialstudent.Anillnesshadkepttheboyhome,buthehadexpressedaninterestinmeetingme.Iwastolditwouldmeanagreatdealtohim,soIagreed.
Duringthenine-miledrivetohishome,IfoundoutsomethingaboutMatthew.Hehadmusculardystrophy(肌肉萎缩症).Whenhewasborn,thedoctortoldhisparentsthathewouldnotlivetofive,andthentheyweretoldhewouldnotmakeittoten.Nowhewasthirteen.HewantedtomeetmebecauseIwasagold-medalpowerlifter,andIknewaboutovercomingobstaclesandgoingformydreams.
IspentoveranhourtalkingtoMatthew.Neveroncedidhecomplainorask,“Whyme?
”Hespokeaboutwinningandsucceedingandgoingforhisdreams.Obviously,heknewwhathewastalkingabout.Hedidn’tmentionthathisclassmateshadmadefunofhimbecausehewasdifferent.Hejusttalkedabouthishopesforthefuture,andhowonedayhewantedtoliftweightswithme.Whenwehadfinishedtalking,IwenttomybriefcaseandpulledoutthefirstgoldmedalIhadwonandputitaroundhisneck.ItoldhimhewasmoreofawinnerandknewmoreaboutsuccessandovercomingobstaclesthanIeverwould.Helookedatitforamoment,thentookitoffandhandeditbacktome.Hesaid,“Youareachampion.Youearnedthatmedal.SomedaywhenIgettotheOlympicsandwinmyownmedal,Iwillshowittoyou.”
LastsummerIreceivedaletterfromMatthew’sparentstellingmethatMatthewhadpassedaway.Theywantedmetohavealetterhehadwrittentomeafewdaysbefore:
DearDick,
MymumsaidIshouldsendyouathank-youletterforthepictureyousentme.IalsowanttoletyouknowthatthedoctorstellmethatIdon’thavelongtoliveanymore,butIstillsmileasm
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