英语高二英语阅读理解科普环保及其解题技巧及练习题含答案及解析.docx
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英语高二英语阅读理解科普环保及其解题技巧及练习题含答案及解析.docx
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英语高二英语阅读理解科普环保及其解题技巧及练习题含答案及解析
(英语)高二英语阅读理解(科普环保)及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类
1.犇犇阅读下面文章,然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出每个问题的最佳选项。
Whenweseeapersonintrouble,thefirstideathatcomestoourmindistolendahand.Butwhatifweseeananimalintrouble,doesthesameruleapply?
Thisquestionwasraisedafteragroupofpenguinsweresavedfromanicygully(峡谷)inAntarctica.ItwasfilmedfortheBBCwildlifeseriesDynasties.Thefilmcrewwereanxiouswhentheysawthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoung.Theybuiltaslope(斜坡)sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.
Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm.Viewerswatchingthisfilmletoutasighofrelief."I'msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectly,butahelpinghandisn'tbothering,right?
"viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.
However,othersthinkhumaninterference(干涉)isunnatural."Youcan'thavesunshinethroughoutyourlife.Tohavedoneanythingelsewouldonlymakemattersworse,"saidtheshow'screatorDavidAttenborough,accordingtoTheTimes.
Inthiscase,however,MikeGunton,theexecutiveproduceroftheseries,saidthatthiswasaone-offsituation."Therewerenoanimalsgoingtosufferbyinterfering.Youweren'ttouchingtheanimalsanditwasjustfeltbydoingthis...theyhadthechancenottohavetokeepslippingdowntheslope,"hetoldtheBBC.
SuchcasesarefamiliartoPaulNicklen,wildlifephotographerforNationalGeographic.HetoldMetro,"Ifit'severapredator(捕食者)situation,nomatterhowgut-wrenching,youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou'rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear."
"There'snorulebookinthosesituations.Youcanonlyrespondtothefactsthatarerightthereinfrontofyou,"WillLawson,theshow'sdirector,toldDailyMail.
(1)Whathasledtoaheatedmediadiscussion?
A.People'svariousremarksonpenguins.
B.Therescueofpenguinsfromagully.
C.Somepenguins'sufferingsinagully.
D.WaysoffilmingtheseriesDynasties.
(2)Whoholdsapositiveattitudetowardshumaninterference?
A.KathrynShaw.
B.WillLawson.
C.PaulNieklen.
D.DavidAttenborough.
(3)Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheword"gut-wrenching"underlinedinparagraph6?
A.Puttingoneinplace.
B.Makingoneconfused.
C.Puttingoneindanger.
D.Makingoneheartbroken.
(4)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.ReasonsfortheNecessityofLendingaHandtoAnimals
B.SuggestionsonHowtoProtectAnimalsFromDanger
C.EffectsofHumanInterferenceonDangerousAnimals
D.OpinionsonWhethertoHelpAnimalsinTroubleorNot
【答案】
(1)B
(2)A
(3)D
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了当动物们面临危险时,我们是否要伸出援救之手,以及如何去保护它们脱险。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Thefilmcrewwereanxiouswhentheysawthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoung.Theybuiltaslope(斜坡)sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.”和第三段中的“Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm”可知,从峡谷中救出企鹅这一事件引起了大家的热议。
故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“I'msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectly,butahelpinghandisn'tbothering,right?
"viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.”可知,她对帮助动物是很赞成的,故选A。
(3)考查词义猜测。
根据上文大家对干涉动物的行为有不同观点,再结合下文的“youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou'rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear."可知,此句句意为:
如果这是个捕食的情景,无论你是多么的心碎,你都不能干预。
结合四个选项可知,此处用Makingoneheartbroken(心碎)最合句意。
故选D。
(4)考查主旨大意。
本文就救助企鹅的视频引发的热议讲述了当动物面临危险时,我们如何伸出援助之手给出了一些建议。
因此,本文的最佳标题应为“若何保护动物脱险的建议”。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测,推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇科教类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.犇犇阅读理解
Slowlybutsurely
we'removingcloserandcloserto5Gworld.Fromsmart-homesecuritytoself-drivingcars,alltheinternet-connecteddevicesinyourlifewillbeabletotalktoeachotheratlightning-fastspeedswithreduceddelay,Objectivelyspeaking,thefastest4GdownloadspeedsintheU.S.topoutatanaverageof19.42Mbps.Butbycomparison5Gpromisesgigabit(千兆)speeds.
“5Gisoneofthosesigns,alongwithartificialintelligence,ofthiscomingdataage,”saidSteveKoenig,seniordirectorofmarketresearchfortheConsumerTechnologyAssociation.“Theself-drivingvehicleisagreatemblemofthisdataage,andthatistosay,itisasignoftime,becausewithonesingletask,driving,youhavemassiveamountsofdatacomingfromthevehicleitself,andavarietyofsensorsarecollectingalotofinformationtomodelitsenvironmentasitmoves.It'spullingindatafromothervehiclesaboutroadconditionsdownthelane.Itcouldbeweatherinformation,butalsoconnectedinfrastructure(基础设施)construction.There'slotsofdatabehindthattask,whichiswhyweneedhighspeed.
Augmentedrealityglassesandvirtualheadsethaven'tyetbrokenthemainstream,buttechcompaniesarejoyfullybettingthatthesedeviceswilleventuallyreplaceoursmartphones.With5G,thatcouldactuallyhappen.ThisisnotablebecausecompaniessuchasApplearereportedlydevelopingARglassestoassist—orperhapsevenreplace—smartphones.
EricssonstatedatFebruary'sMobileWorldCongresshowsmartglassescouldbecomefasterandlighterwitha5Gconnection,becauseinsteadofbeingweigheddownwithcomponents,theglassescouldrelyonhardwareforprocessingpower.
Butdon'tgettooexcited.There'sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantime,includingvarioustrialstomakesuretheradiosplaynicelywithhardwareandinfrastructureconstructionso5Gisn'tconcentratedonlyinbigcities.
(1)WhatdoestheauthorwanttostressinParagraph1?
A. Thelighting-fastspeedof5G.
B. Theexpectationof5Gworld.
C. Thedifferencebetween4Gand5G.
D. Theinternet-connecteddevicesinourlife.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"emblem"inParagraph2mean?
A. Exhibition.
B. Success.
C. Symbol.
D. Explanation.
(3)Wecaninferfromthetextthat________.
A. 5Gworldwon'tcomewithoutARglasses
B. 5Ghelpstocreatetheartificialintelligencevehicle
C. ApplecompanyisdevelopingARglassesworldwide
D. Techcompanieswillfacethefactthatsmartphonesmaybereplaced
(4)Whatwilltheauthorprobablytellusnext?
A. Howtofullyexpand5Gcoverage.
B. Smartglasseswillbecomefasterandlighter.
C. Why5Gisn'tconcentratedinbigcities.
D. Theimportanceofinfrastructureconstruction.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了我们离5G世界越来越近了。
(1)考查段落大意。
根据第一段中的“Slowlybutsurely,we'removingcloserandcloserto5Gworld.”缓慢但肯定的是,我们离5G世界越来越近了。
可知,作者在第一段想强调“5G光速快。
”故选A。
(2)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“andthatistosay,itisasignoftim”也就是说,这是时间的标志,”可知,划线词的意思是“标志,象征”。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“ThisisnotablebecausecompaniessuchasApplearereportedlydevelopingARglassestoassist—orperhapsevenreplace—smartphones.”这一点值得注意,因为据报道,苹果(Apple)等公司正在开发增强现实眼镜,以帮助——甚至取代——智能手机。
”可知,我们可以从文中推断,科技公司将面临智能手机可能被取代的事实。
故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Butdon'tgettooexcited.There'sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantime,includingvarioustrialstomakesuretheradiosplaynicelywithhardwareandinfrastructureconstructionso5Gisn'tconcentratedonlyinbigcities.”但是不要太激动。
与此同时,仍有很多工作要做,包括各种试验,以确保收音机能很好地配合硬件和基础设施建设,这样5G就不会只集中在大城市。
”可知,作者接下来可能会告诉我们“如何全面扩大5G覆盖。
”故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及段落大意,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇科普类阅读,要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.犇犇阅读理解
Asingledose(剂量)ofanexperimentalvaccine(疫苗)canprotectmiceagainsttheZika(寨卡)virus,raisingrenewedhopeofavaccineforhumans,sayscientists.TheUSteamsaytheresults,publishedinNature,are"striking"andshouldencourageresearchefforts.
Testsinhumanscouldbegininmonths.Butevenifthesegowell,alicensedvaccineforwidespreadusetoprotectthoseatmostrisksuchaspregnantwomenwouldstillbeyearsaway,expertsadvise.ZikahasbeenspreadingacrossCentralandSouthAmericaand,mostrecently,Africa.Morethan60countriesandterritoriesnowhavecontinuingtransmission(传播)ofthedisease,whichiscarriedbymosquitoes.Theviruscausesseriousbirthdamagesduringpregnancyandhasbeendeclaredaglobalpublichealthemergency.
Now,developingavaccineforpregnantwomentoprotecttheirunbornbabiesisaninternationalresearchpriority(优先事项).USscientistsfromtheWalterReedArmyInstituteofResearch,theBethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenterandHarvardMedicalSchooltestedtwotypesofZikavaccineinmice–onebasedonbitsofgenetic(基因的)codefromthevirusandanotherthatisaninactive(andthereforeharmless)copyofZika.Bothworkedwell,protectingeverymousethatwasimmunisedagainstthevirus.Incomparison,allofthemicenotgiventhevaccinecaughtZikaaftertheywereexposedtoit.
Researcherssaytheywillpushaheadwithdevelopingtheneededvirusvaccine.Therearemanyexistingvaccinesforotherdiseasethatusethistypeoftechnology,whiletherearerelativelyfewDNAbasedvaccines.Ofcourse,futuretestswillneedtocheckthevaccineissafeandeffectiveinhumans,aswellashowlongtheimmunitymightlast.
(1)Ifthetestsinhumansgosmoothly, .
A. avaccineforuseinthelaboratorywillbestillbeyearsaway.
B. pregnantwomeninAfricawillbethefirsttobenefitfromthevaccine.
C. alicensedvaccinewillstillnotbeaccessibleinashortterm.
D. TheZikaviruswillcauselessseriousbirthdefectsduringpregnancyinmonths.
(2)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
A. manycountriesareactivelyinvolvedintheresearchoftheZikavaccine.
B. USscientistshavetestedmorethantwotypesofZikavaccineinmice.
C. NoneofthemicegiventhevaccinecaughtZika.
D. Itisstillunknownwhetherthevaccineissafeandeffective
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