berthing.docx
- 文档编号:9183635
- 上传时间:2023-02-03
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:15
- 大小:598.67KB
berthing.docx
《berthing.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《berthing.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
berthing
Unit23
BERTHING
Shiphandlingoperationsincludemanoeuvringandcontrollingthevesselbymeansofengines,helmmovementsandtugassistance.Berthingmeansbringingavesseltoherberthuntiltheshipismadefast.Ashipmayberthportorstarboardsideonorboworstemon.
Theterm“berth”referstothequay,orwharf,or,pierorjettywheretheshipcomesalongside,butitmayalsomeanaplaceinwhichavesselismooredoranchored.
Theberthingandunberthingmanoeuvresrequiregreatknowledgeandskillbythemaster,officersandthecrew,aswellasanexcellentteam-workwiththerope-runnersandthemooringpartyashore.
Ashipmayberthportorstarboardsideto,withnowindortide,withthetideahead,withthewindonshoreoroffshore.Themaster,thepilotandthetugskippersmusthavegoodlocalknowledgeofthetides,windconditions,depthsandaidstonavigation,buttheyalsohavetotakeintoconsiderationthetransverseandaxialthrustofthepropeller,howtheshiprespondstotherudderandhowmuchpowershedevelopswhenrunningastern.
TheMEDITERRANEANMOORconsistsofmakingashipfaststem-ontoaberthwiththebowsheldinpositionbytheanchors.Usuallyaboutfourshacklesofcableareusedoneachanchoranditispreferablealthoughnotalwayspossible,toachieveareasonablespreadbetweentheanchorssothatthebowsareheldsecurelyinabeamwind.Theapproachisbestmadewiththeberthontheportsideandthestarboardanchorshouldthenbedropped-withthevesseltwoshiplengthsofftheberthandabouthalfashiplengthbeforethelineoftheberth.
Afterproceedingslowaheadandpayingoutcable,theenginesshouldbestoppedandputasternwhenhalfashiplengthpastthelineoftheberth.(seeFig.1).Asthevesselgatherssternwaytheportanchorshouldbeletgo.Theeffectoftransversethrustasthevesselgoesasternpayingoutcableistocantthestemtoporttowardstheberth.(seeFig.2p.195).Stemlinesarepassedoutonthecrossandwhenturneduponthebittstheymaybesetuptightbyheavinginafewlinksofcable(seeFig.3p.195).
Insomecases,inexposedpositions,abuoyisprovidedoneachquarter.Sincethevesselismadefastatrightanglestothelineoftheshore,themediterraneanmoorisnotsuitableforuseintideway.Itmaybeusedwherecargoshipsdischargeintolightersorfortankersusingtheirstemdischargeline.
Forecastledeck–MooringandAnchoringGear
Unmooringmanoeuvre
BerthManager–JettyManagementSystem
Basedonover40yearsofexperienceinloadandforcemeasurement,Strainstall’sBerthManagersystemisdesignedtoassistthemooringmasterbyprovidingcomprehensivesurveillanceofmooringandvessel-relatedparametersduringapproachtotheberth,andwhilemoored.Sensorsmonitorspeedofapproach,mooringloads,weatherconditions,oceanographicparametersanddetectanydriftoff.AllofthesevaluesareprocessedandpresentedonaPCbasedcontrolroomdisplaysystem,whichprovidesgraphicsandlistsofallcriticaldata,andwhichisavailableonscreensintheharbourofficeandviafibre-opticlinkorradiototheship.
TheBerthManagerjettymanagementsystemintegratesanumberofsub-systemswhichareallavailableasstandalonepackages.Thesesystemsare:
a)DockAlertvesselapproachmonitoring-providesspeed,distanceoffanddrift-offdata
b)MoorAlertmooringloadmonitoring-provides
mooringset-up,mooringtensionandalarmdata
c)Meteorological/oceanographicmonitoring-
providesweatherandsea-stateinformationforreference
MoorAlert–MooringLoadMonitoring
Strainstall’sMoorAlertmooringloadmonitoringsystemprovidesanaccurateindicationofmooringloadsinmulti-linemooringspreads.Avessel’smooringlinesaremeasuredandmonitoredbystraingaugedloadmeasuringpins,installedinthequickreleasemooringhooks.Thisenableseachmooringlinetobepre-tensionedaccordingtoeachvessel’sindividualmooringscheme.Theloadpinsdetectanydeviationfromthesedefinedvaluesandindicateanyalarmconditions.Theinstrumentedhooksandelectronicscanbesuppliedinhazardousareacertifiedformforuseonoilandgasjetties,andhavebeensuppliedtomanyportandharbourinstallationsworld-wide.
DockAlert–VesselApproachMonitoring
TheStrainstallDockAlertvesselapproachsystemusesdistance-measuringlasersonthemooringjettytocomputethespeedofapproach,angleofapproachanddistanceoffforavesselbeingmanoeuvredontoadocksidemooring.Thevesselapproachparameterscanbedisplayedintheharbourofficeandcanalsobemadeavailabletotheship’smasterviaalargedigitdisplayonthejettywhichisvisiblefromtheship,orviaadatalink.Withthevesselmooredalongside,DockAlertcanprovideinformationondrift-offandfendercompression.Externalitemscanbesuppliedcertifiedforhazardousareastomeettherequirementsofoil&gasjetties.
TowingLoadMonitoring
TheStrainstalltowingloadmonitoringsystemisdesignedtogivetowingvesselmastersadirectreadingoftensioninatowinghawser.Itconsistsofloadcellsoraloadmeasuringpinfittedtothetowinghook,quickreleasemooringhookorwinch,plusareadout/alarmwarningunitwhichcanbesetwithoverloadthresholdstosuitthegaugeofropeorwirebeingusedforthetowingoperation.
Thereare3typicaltowingloadmonitoringconfigurations:
∙Asinglechannelsystemwiththeloadpindesignedforincorporationintoaswiveljointofatugboatquickreleasemooringhook
∙Fordoubledrumwinches,withbothoutputsleadingtoasingledisplayunitwithaswitchtoselectthedesiredmeasurementchannel
∙Formarinetowingwinches,withtheloadbeingmeasuredbyloadcellsinthebrakestayorunderthebedofthewinch.
Keyfeaturesoftowingloadmonitoringincludesimpleinstallation,fullenvironmentalsealing,accuratereadings,easymaintenanceandoptionaladditionalreadouts.
Bitts&bollards
IMOSTANDARDMARINECOMMUNICATIONPHRASES(IMOSMCP2001)
IV-A/5.7.2-Berthing
Arethereanyberthinginstructions?
IWhataremyberthinginstructions?
-Noberthinginstructions.
-Berthingonarrival.
Yourordersaretoberthon....
Yourorderschanged.
Proceedto...fororders.
Youmayenterat...UTC.
Youmayproceedat...UTC.
Vesselturning/manoeuvringinposition....
MV...willturninposition....
MV...willleave...at...UTC.
MV...leaving....
MV...enteredfairwayinposition....
Yourberthisnotclear(until...UTC).
Yourberthwillbeclearat...UTC.
Youwillberth/dockat...UTC.
Berthingdelayedby...hours.
Bereadytogetunderway.
Moveahead...metres.
Moveastern...metres.
Havefendersreadyforeandaft.
Wewillberthport/starboardsidealongside.
Wewillmoortobuoy(s)aheadandastern.
Wewillmooralongside.
Wewillmoortodolphins.
Sendouthead/stern/breastlines.
Sendout...spring(s)forward/aft.
Doyouhavetensionwinches?
-Yes,wehavetensionwinches(forwardandaft).
-No,wehavenotensionwinches.
Haveheavinglinesreadyforwardandaft.
Sendheaving/head/stern/breastlineashore.
Thelinesmenwilluseshackles/lashingsforsecuringmooring.
Usecentre/Panamalead.
Usehowlead.
Useportquarter/starboardquarterlead.
Heaveon...line(s)/...spring(s).
Pickupslacken...line(s)/...spring(s).
Heaveaway.
Stopheaving.
Slackaway...line(s)/...spring(s).
Stopslacking...line(s)/..spring(s).Holdon...line(s)/...spring(s).Heaveineasy.
Heavealongside.
Keeplinestight.
Wehavetomove...metresahead/astern.
Yourvesselinposition-makefast.
Weareinposition.
Makefastforeandaft.
Fastforward.
Fastaft.
Ispropellerclear?
-Yes,propellerclear.
-No,propellernotclear.
Keeppropellerclear.
LinehandlerstakeinmooringlinesSinglingupthemooringlines
MooringwinchesCapstan
A.Comprehension&vocabulary
A.1Supplytheappropriateterm:
•berthing•mooringgear•berth•berthingoperation
•mooringlines
Comingalonganyl._____________canbeaverydifficultoperationandisalwayspotentiallydangerous.Theship'sanchorand2.____________mustbemadereadyforuse.Mostfrequentlytugsareusedtoassisttheship's3.____________.TheMasterdecideswhich4.____________aretobeused.Eachofficermustknowexactlyhisownroleinthe5._____________.
A2.Explainthemovementofthevesselinthefollowingsentences:
1.Takeallthewayoff.
2.Thevesselstartsgatheringsternway.
3.Thevesselmovesbowfirst.
A.3Sortouttheverbsbelowintotwogroups:
A.-verbsreferringtoamovementofthelinetowardsthepersonhandling
theline
B.-verbsreferringtoamovementofthelinefromthepersonhandlingtheline
•pullthelineonboard•castofftheline•runthelineout
•tightentheline•payouttheline•heaveontheline
•slackawaytheline•haulintheline•sendawaytheline
•setthelinetight,passthelinedowntothetug•heavetheline•taketheslackback
A(Movementtowardsthepersonworkingtheline)
A<===========
B(Movementawayfromthepersonworkingtheline)
B==============>
Pullthelineonboard
Castofftheline
A.4Statewhichofthefollowingtermsisdescribedinthesentencesbelow:
•moor•Mediterraneanmoor•berth•mooringbuoy
•aidstonavigation•heavingline•mooringgear
1.______________:
theplaceinharbourinwhichashipridestoheranchoror
issecuredalongside.
2.______________:
spacearoundavesselatanchor,andinwhichshewill
swingfreely.
3._____________:
buoysecurelymooredsothatavesselcanbe
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- berthing