九年级英语语法总复习之动词时态详析.docx
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九年级英语语法总复习之动词时态详析.docx
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九年级英语语法总复习之动词时态详析
九年级英语语法总复习之动词时态
【学习目标】:
初中阶段八种时态的结构及其用法。
【学习过程】:
I.概述:
英语中,不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态要用不同的动词形式来表示。
动作发生的时间
不同,动词的形式就有所不同。
所以,动词的时态就是指动词在某一个时间段内应当采取的
相应动词形态。
我们已经学过的八种时态分别是:
1._______________2._______________3._______________4._______________
5._______________6._______________7._______________8._______________
II.详解:
一、一般现在时:
概念:
经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语:
often,usually,always,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),
onceaweek,onsundays,…
基本结构:
①be动词am/is/are;②行为动词原形或单数第三人称。
否定形式:
①am/is/are+________;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在
其前加_________,如主语为第三人称单数,则用___________,同时还原
行为动词。
一般疑问句:
①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称
单数,用does,同时,还原行为动词。
【注意】______状语从句和_______状语从句中,从句用___________时态表示将来。
自我检测:
1.TheGreensusually_____TVonSundayevening.
A.watchB.watchesC.arewatchingD.iswatching
2.MrBlackoften_____fishingonSundays,_____he?
A.goes…doesn'tB.goes…isn'tC.don'tgo…doesD.doesn'tgo…is
3.Wewillgoshoppingifit___tomorrow.
Adon'trainBdidn'trainCdoesn'trainDisn'train
4.Iwilltellhimassoonashe_____back
A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came
5.Hesaidthesun____intheeastand____inthewest.
Arose;setBrises;setsCrises,setDrise;sets
二、一般过去时:
概念:
过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语:
ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month...),
in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,…
基本结构:
①be动词过去式was/were;②行为动词过去式。
否定形式:
①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加___________,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:
①was或were放在句首;②用助动词do的过去式_____提问,还原动词。
自我检测:
1.I____veryhardwhenIwasyoung.
A.studyB.studiedC.hadstudiedD.shallstudy
2.___he___agoodtimelastSunday?
A.Were;wereB.Did;doC.Did;hasD.Did;have
3.---When__youcomehere?
---We__herelastweek.
A.do;comeB.do;cameC.did;cameD.did;come
4.We_____thefloorand_____allthewindows.
A.mopped;cleannedB.moped;cleanedC.mopped;cleanedD.moped;cleaned
5.---____you_____outforawalkaftersupper?
---Yes,I______.
A.Did…went,wentB.Did…go,wentC.Did…went,didD.Did…go,did
6.Paper_____firstinventedinChina.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
三、现在进行时:
概念:
表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语:
now,atthistime,thesedays,…
基本结构:
am/is/are+_____________否定形式:
__________________________
一般疑问句:
把______动词放在句首
【注意】短暂性动词如leave,begin,come,go,die等,可用_____________时表示将来。
自我检测:
1.---Whatishedoingnow?
---He___apicture.
A.drawsB.drewC.isdrawingD.wasdrawing
2.Don’ttalkhere.Grandparents___.
A.sleepB.issleepingC.aresleepingD.slept
3.Look!
Theboystudentsare_____footballwhilethegirlsare_____.
A.playing;danceB.playing;dancingC.play;dancingD.play;dance
4.Someare______intheriverandsomeare______games.
A.swimming;playingB.swimming;plaiingC.swiming;playingD.swiming;plaing
5.MrSmith_____shortstories,buthe____aTVplaythesedays.
A.iswriting;iswritingB.iswriting;writesC.writes;iswritingD.writes;writes
6.___yourmother___shoppingatthemoment?
A.Are;doingB.Is;doingC.Is;takingD.Are;taking
四、过去进行时:
概念:
表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
这一特定的过去时
间除有上下文暗示以外,一般用表示过去时间的状语来表示。
时间状语:
atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的
时间状语等。
基本结构:
_______________________否定形式:
_______________________
一般疑问句:
把was或were放在句首
自我检测:
1.I______aletteratninelastnight.
A.amwritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.iswriting
2.I_____myselfFrenchfrom7to9yesterdaymorning.I_____towork.
A.wasteaching;didn'tgoB.taught;didn'tgoC.wasteaching;wentD.taught;went
3.ThistimeyesterdayJack_____hisbike.He_____TV.
A.repaired;didn'twatchB.wasrepairing;watched
C.repaired;watchedD.wasrepairing;wasn'twatching
4.Whenyou_____atthedoor,I_____somewashing.
A.knocked;didB.wasknocking;didC.knocked;wasdoingD.knock;amdoing
5.Theboy_____EnglishontheradiowhenI_____hisdoor.
A.learned;wasopeningB.waslearning;openedC.learned;openedD.islearning;open
6.Ayoungman_____herwhileshe_____herwork.
A.watched;wasdoingB.waswatching;didC.watched;didD.waswatching;wasdoing
五、一般将来时:
概念:
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语:
tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,
thedayaftertomorrow,…
基本结构:
①am/is/aregoingto+do;②will/shall+do
否定形式:
①am/is/are+not+goingto+do;②will/shall+not+do
一般疑问句:
①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首
【注意】
(1)助动词“will+动词原形”可用于_____人称,助动词shall常用在___________人称后。
(2)“________________+动词原形”表示即将发生某事或人为计划要做某事。
表意愿的将
来、问对方是否愿意、表客气的邀请或命令及表客观将来时,用_________。
自我检测:
1.He____verybusythisweek,he_____freenextweek.
A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe
2.He______inhisgardeneverymorningnextyear.
A.willworkB.worksC.workedD.isworking
3.---___you___freetomorrow?
---No.I____freethedayaftertomorrow.
A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;will
C.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe
4.He______inthreedays.
A.comingbackB.camebackC.willcomebackD.comesback
5.Ifhe______tocollege,he_____alotmore.
A.willgo…willlearnB.willgo…isgoingtolearn
C.isgoing…isgoingtolearnD.goes…willlearn
6.Whenshe_____nexttime,I______hereverything.
A.isgoingtocome…shalltellB.willcome…shalltell
C.comes…willtellD.comes…tell
7.There___ameetingtomorrowafternoon.
A.willbegoingtobeB.isgoingtohave
C.isgoingtobeD.willhave
8.---Let’sgoouttoplayfootball,shallwe?
---OK.I_____.
A.willcomingB.begoingtocomeC.comeD.amcoming
9.It___usalongtimetolearnEnglishwell.
A.tookB.willtakeC.spendsD.willspend
六、过去将来时:
概念:
立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语:
thenextday(morning,year...),thefollowingmonth(week...),…
基本结构:
①was/were/goingto+do;②would/should+do
否定形式:
①was/were/not+goingto+do;②would/should+not+do
一般疑问句:
①was或were放于句首;②would/should提到句首
自我检测:
1.---Theplaneisleavingrightnow,butJimhasn'tarrivedyet.
---Well,hesaidhe_____hereontime.
AcameBwouldcomeCcanbeDwillbe
2.She_____thatshe_____herbesttohelpthemthenextterm.
A.says…willdoB.said…willdoC.said…woulddoD.says…woulddo
3.Jack_____thatthey_____surprisedtoseeitthisFriday.
A.know…wouldbeB.knows…willbeC.knew…wouldbeD.knew…willbe
4.She____illsoshe____abletogoskatingthenextday.
A.is…won'tbeB.is…wouldn'tbeC.was…won'tbeD.was…wouldn'tbe
5.He_____thethieftothepolicewhenhe_____themanagain.
A.wouldtake…wouldmeetB.wouldtake…met
C.willtake…willmeetD.willtake…meet
6.LiMingsaidhe___happyifBrian____toChinanextmonth.
Awas;comeBwas;wouldcomeCwouldbe;cameDwillbe;come
七、现在完成时:
概念:
过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,
持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语:
already,never,ever,just,yet,since…,for…,inthepastfewyears,…
基本结构:
have/____________+done
否定形式:
_________________________
一般疑问句:
have/has放于句首
【注意】
(1)现在完成时属于现在时态范围,因而不能和表示过去时间的状语连用,如yesterday,last
week,threeyearsago,in1960等连用。
(2)表示短暂时间动作的动词如come,go,leave,finish,end,buy,sell,marry,die等的完成时态
不能与表示时间段的状语连用。
但可改为其他表示相同意思的___________动词或短语。
(3)“have/hasbeento+地名”表示“_______________”,说话时人已回到说话地点,常与
once,twice,never,ever等时间状语连用。
“have/hasgoneto+地名”表示“___________”,说话时人没在说话地点。
以上两种结构均不能跟时间段连用。
“have/hasbeenin+地名”跟时间段连用,表示待在某地多长时间。
自我检测:
1.You_____mewaitingfortwohours.I_____foryousincefive.
A.Kept…waitedB.havekept…waitedC.kept…havewaitedD.havekept…havewaited
2IhopeI___nomistakeinmyworksofar.
A.makeB.ammakingC.havemadeD.wasmaking
3Inthepastfiveyears.I___Englishwords.
A.havelearnedthreethousandB.learnedthreethousandof
C.hadlearnedthreethousandsD.learnedthousandsof
4.---_____youever_____America?
---Yes,Ihave.
A.Have…gonetoB.Have…goneinC.Have…beentoD.Have…beenin
5.TheGreens_____Chinaforfiveyears.
A.hasbeeninB.havebeeninC.havebeentoD.hasgoneto
6.---Where_____John_____?
---Tothelibrary.He_____thereforanhour.
A.has,been;hasgoneB.has,gone;hasbeen
C.did,go;wentD.did,be;went
7He___inourschoolfor20yearsandhe___herein1977.
A.hastaught;cameB.hastaught;hascomeC.taught;cameD.hasteached;hascame
8.---_____you_____thetextyet?
---Yes,we_____ittwohoursago.
A.Did,copy;didB.Have,copied;have
C.Have,copied;didD.Did,copy;had
9.---_____you______thefilmbefore?
andwhen____you_____it?
A.Have,seen;did,seeB.Did,see;die,watch
C.Have,seen;have,seenD.Did,see;have,seen
10.Hergrandpa___forthreeyears.
A.hasbeendeadB.hasdiedC.hadbeendeadD.died
11.Tom___Londonfortwoyears.
A.hadleftB.hasgoneawayC.hasbeenawayfromD.hadbeenawayfrom
12.Howlong___aPartymember?
A.haveyoubeenB.areyouC.haveyoubecomeD.didyoubecome
八、过去完成时:
概念:
以过去某一时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成
的行为,即“过去的过去”。
时间状语:
before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month...),…
基本结构:
had+done
否定形式:
had+not+done
一般疑问句:
had放于句首
自我检测:
1.Bytheendoflastterm,we___overtwothousandnewwords.
A.learnedB.havelearnedC.willlearnD.hadlearned
2.BythetimeI_____backthey____uptenmetres.
A.came…haveclimbedB.came…hadclimbed
C.come…haveclimbedD.hadcome…climbed
3.He_____theArmybytheendof1992.He____inthearmysincethen.
A.joined…isB.hasjoined…hasbeen
C.hadjoined…isD.hadjoined…hasbeen
4.Themeeti
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