英语笔译习题集.docx
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英语笔译习题集.docx
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英语笔译习题集
习题集
英语笔译
(1)
笔译I学生课后练习
1.Lexicography1)Lexicographyprovidesatitsbestajoyfulsenseofbusynesswithlanguage.2)Oneisimmersedinthedetailsoflanguageasinnootherfield.3)Sometimesthedetailsaresooverwhelmingandendlesstheysapthespiritanddepressthemind.4)Oftenattheendofahardday'sworkonerealizeswithdismaythatthemeagerstackoffinishedworkonehasaccomplishedhasanimmeasurablyslightimpactontheworkasawhole.5)AsIhopethereadersofthisworkwillcometounderstand,dictionariesdonotsprintintobeing.6)Peoplemustplanthem,collectinformation,andwritethem.7)Writingtakestime,anditisoftenfrustratingandeveninfuriating.8)Nootherformofwritingisatoncesoquixoticandsointenselypractical.9)Dictionarymakingdoesnotrequirebrillianceororiginalityofmind.10)Itdoesrequirehighintelligence,masteryofthecraft,anddedicationtohardwork.11)Ifonehasproducedadictionary,onehasthesatisfactionofhavingproducedaworkofenduringvalue.
2.IntelligentTest
1)Thereismoreagreementonthekindsofbehaviorreferredtobytheterm"intelligence"thanthereisonhowtointerpretorclassifythem.2)Butitisgenerallyagreedthatapersonofhighintelligenceisonewhocangraspideasreadily,makedistinctions,reasonlogically,andmakeuseofverbalandmathematicalsymbolsinsolvingproblems.3)Anintelligencetestisaroughmeasureofachild'scapacityforlearning,particularlyforlearningthekindsofthingsrequiredinschool.4)Itdoesnotmeasurecharacter,socialadjustment,physicalendurance,manualskills,orartisticabilities.5)Itisnotsupposedto--itwasnotdesignedforsuchpurposes.6)Tocriticizeitforsuchfailureisroughlycomparabletocriticizingathermometerfornotmeasuringwindvelocity.7)Nowsincetheassessmentofintelligenceisacomparativematterwemustbesurethatthescalewithwhichwearecomparingoursubjectsprovidesa"valid"or"fair"comparison.
3.Bureaucracy
1)Mostironicwastheimageofgovernmentthatwasbornoftheseexperiences.2)Asanyscholarlytreatiseonthesubjectwilltellyou,thegreatadvantagebureaucracyissupposedtoofferacomplex,modernsocietylikeoursisefficient,rational,uniformandcourteoustreatmentforthecitizensitdealswith.3)YetnotonlydidthesequalitiesnotcomethroughtothepeopleItalkedwith,itwastheirveryoppositesthatseemedmorecharacteristic.4)Peopleofallclasses--therichmandealingwiththeInternalRevenueServiceaswellasthepoorwomanstrugglingwiththewelfaredepartment--feltthatthetreatmenttheyhadreceivedhadbeenbungled,notefficient;unpredictable,notrational;discriminatory,notuniform;and,alltoooften,insensitive,ratherthancourteous.5)Itwasasiftheyhadboughtabignewcarthatnotonlydidnotrunwhentheywanteditto,butperiodicallyrevveditselfupanddroveallaroundtheiryards.
4.ProblemwithEducationalSystem
1)Thereare39universitiesandcollegesofferingdegreecoursesinGeography,butIhaveneverseenanygoodjobsforGeographygraduatesadvertised.2)OramIaloneinsuspectingthattheywillreturntoteachGeographytoanothersetofstudents,whointurnwillteachmoreGeographyundergraduates?
3)OnlytenuniversitiescurrentlyofferdegreecoursesinAeronauticalEngineering,whichperhapsisjustaswell,inviewofthespeedwithwhichtheaircraftindustryhasbeendispensingwithexcesspersonnel.4)Ontheotherhand,hospitalcasualtydepartmentsthroughoutthecountryarehavingtoclosedownbecauseofthelackofdoctors.5)Thereason?
Universitymedicalschoolscanonlyfindplacesforhalfofthosewhoapply.6)ItseemstomethattimeisripefortheDepartmentofEmploymentandtheDepartmentofEducationtogettogetherwiththeuniversitiesandproducearevisededucationalsystemthatwillmakeamoreeconomicuseofthewealthoftalent,applicationandindustrycurrentlybeingwastedondiplomasanddegreesthatnoonewantstoknowabout.
5.TheLawofCompetition
1)Underthelawofcompetition,theemployerofthousandsisforcedintothestrictesteconomies,amongwhichtheratespaidtolaborfigureprominently.2)Thepricewhichsocietypaysforthelaw,likethepriceitpaysforcheapcomfortsandluxuries,isgreat,buttheadvantagesofthislawarealsogreaterthanitscost--foritistothislawthatweoweourwonderfulmaterialdevelopment,whichbringsimprovedconditionsinitstrain.3)But,whetherthelawbebenignornot,wecannotevadeit;oftheeffectofanynewsubstitutesforitproposedwecannotbesure;andwhilethelawmaybesometimeshardfortheindividual,itisbestfortherace,becauseitinsuresthesurvivalofthefittestineverydepartment.4)Weacceptandwelcome,therefore,asconditionstowhichwemustaccommodateourselves,greatinequalityofenvironment;theconcentrationofbusiness,industrialandcommercial,inthehandsofafew;andthelawofcompetitionbetweenthese,asbeingnotonlybeneficial,butessentialtothefutureprogressoftherace.
6.APoliticalSpeech
1)Withinaveryshorttimeofcomingbackintopowerthepresentgovernmenthadtakenstepstostabilizetheposition.2)Firstofall,weappliedourselvestoidentifyingtherootcausesofournationalailments,examiningcontemporaryevidenceandrefusingtobeslavestooutmodeddoctrinairebeliefs.3)Secondlyweembarkedonareasonedpolicytoensuresteadyeconomicgrowth,themodernizationofindustry,andaproperbalancebetweenpublicandprivateexpenditure.4)Thirdlybyrefusingtotakerefuge--asthepreviousGovernmenthadcontinuallydoneintheprecedingyears--inpanic-strickenstop-gapmeasures,westimulatedthereturnofinternationalconfidence.5)Asaresultofthoseimmediatemeasures,andaidedbythetremendouseffortwhichtheyevokedfromourpeoplewhorespondedassooftenbeforetoafirmhandatthehelm,weweatheredthestormandmovedonintocalmerwatersandaperiodofeconomicexpansionandsocialreorganization.
7.Animals'Rights
1)Thepointisthis:
withoutagreementontherightsofpeople,arguingabouttherightsofanimalsisfruitless.2)Itleadsthediscussiontoextremesattheoutset:
itinvitesyoutothinkthatanimalsshouldbetreatedeitherwiththeconsiderationhumansextendtootherhumansorwithnoconsiderationatall.3)Thisisafalsechoice.4)Arguingfromtheviewthathumansaredifferentfromanimalsineveryrelevantrespect,extremistsofthiskindthinkthatanimalslieoutsidetheareaofmoralchoice.5)Anyregardforthesufferingofanimalsisseenasamistake--asentimentaldisplacementoffeelingthatshouldproperlybedirectedtootherhumans.6)Butthemostelementaryformofmoralreasoningistoweighothers'interestsagainstone'sown.7)Toseeananimalinpainisenough,formost,toengagesympathy.8)Whenthathappens,itisnotamistake,itismankind'sinstinctformoralreasoninginaction,aninstinctthatshouldbeencouragedratherthanlaughedat.
8.AmericanStudy
ThescientificinterestofAmericanhistorycenteredinnationalcharacter,andintheworkingsofasocietydestinedtobecomebast,inwhichindividualswereimportantchieflyastypes.2)AlthoughthiskindofinterestwasdifferentfromthatofEuropeanhistory,itwasatleastasimportanttotheworld.3)Shouldhistoryeverbecomeatruescience,itmustexpecttoestablishitslaws,notfromthecomplicatedstoryofrivalEuropeannationalities,butfromtheeconomicalevolutionofagreatdemocracy.4)NorthAmericawasthemostfavorablefieldontheglobeforthespreadofasocietysolarge,uniform,andisolatedastoanswerthepurposesofscience.5)Thereasinglehomogeneoussocietycouldeasilyattainproportionsofthreeorfourhundredmillionpersons,underconditionsofundisturbedgrowth.6)InEuropeorAsia,undisturbedsocialevolutionhadbeenunknown.7)Withoutdisturbance,evolutionseemedtocease.8)Whereverdisturbanceoccurred,permanencewasimpossible.9)Everypeopleinturnadapteditselftothelawofnecessity.
9.JackLondon
1)LifeitselfledJackLondontorejectthisapproachinhiswriting.2)Heknewwhatitmeanttobeoneofthedisinherited,tobechainedtothedeadeningroutineofthemachineandtosoul-destroyinglaborforaninsufficientreward.3)Consequentlyhesweptasidenotonlytheliteraturethatpretendedthatoursisasocietyofsweetnessandlight,butalsothatwhichcontendedthattheinculcationofthespiritofChristianfellowshipwouldputanendtoclasscontroversy.4)Hedidnotopposelabororganizationnorbalkatthestrikeasaweaponoflabor;rather,hetookhisheroesandheroinesfromthelabormovementandwovehisplotswithintheirstruggles.5)Hepouredintohiswritingsallthepainofhislife,thefiercehatredofthebourgeoisiethatithadproducedinhim,andtheconvictionithadbroughttohimthatworldcouldbemadeabetterplacetoliveiniftheexploitedwouldriseupandtakethemanagementofsocietyoutofthehandsoftheexploiters.
10.OnIncorruptibility
l)ThisreputationforincorruptibilityisthegreatestofouradvantagesinadministeringtheEmpire.2)ItsrarityamongnearlyalltheotherpeoplesIhaveknownraisesourofficialsalmosttothelevelofdivinesuperiority,andwithoutitwecouldnotholdtheEmpiretogether,norwoulditbeworththepains.3)AbusinessmanwhohasworkedlongunderthesystemofconcessionsinRussiatellsmethatitisnowimpossibletobribetheCommissarorotherhighofficialsthere.4)Thatisanimmenseadvance,forunderTsarismonehadonlytosignifythechanceof
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