高中英语的一些重点知识.docx
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高中英语的一些重点知识.docx
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高中英语的一些重点知识
高中一些重点知识复习(有些横线上写出用法或者意思)
一常用单词的用法
1花费:
take花费时间,多数物做主语,Ittakessb时间todosth,
spend:
人做主语,sbspendstime/moneyonsth//
sbspendstime/moneydoingsth
pay:
人做主语,只用于付钱,payfor
cost:
物做主语,sthcostsbsth
2experience:
经验haveexperienceindoingsth
experienced:
beexperiencedindongsth经历:
可数名词experiencesinBeijing
3prepare:
prepareforsth为……做准备preparetodosth准备做某事,强调准备的动作,不讲结果
prepared:
bepreparedtodosthbepreparedforsth为……做好了准备
4devote:
devoteoneselftosth//devotesthtosth//devotesthtodoingsth
devoted:
bedevotedtosth//bedevotedtodoingsth
5满意:
satisfy:
使满意satisfied:
感到满意的
satisfying令人满意的satisfaction:
满意
6控告:
charge:
chargesbwithsth//accuse_:
accusesbofsth
7charge:
控告:
chargesbwithsth//收费:
freeofcharge//充电//
负责inchargeof,inthechargeof
8免费:
forfree,freeofcharge,withoutpay
9例如:
forexample,suchas,forinstance
10了解:
knowsb/sth(认识某人,知道某事),knowabout=knowof
11禁止,允许forbid/prohibit/prevent/stop:
~sbfromdoingsth
allow/permit:
~sbtodosth~doingsth
12过失,错误fault过失,强调责任mistake:
强调与事实结果不相符
error:
错误(这三个从汉语意思上区分就可以了)
13争论,争吵argue:
arguewithsbaboutsth//debate:
adebateaboutsth
打架fight:
fightwithsbforsth//fightwithsbagainststh
挣扎,奋斗struggle:
struggletoone’sfeet//struggletodosth
14坚持insiston:
坚持做某事(有点固执不让步的意思)
stickto:
坚持原则理论
holdon,hangon:
坚持不放弃的意思
15使……make:
makesbdosth//make+O+补
have:
havesbdosth,//havesthdone
get:
getsbtodosth//getsthdone//getdone=bedone
leave:
leavesbtodosth//leavesbdoingsth(一直做)//
leavesthundone(留下某事未做)leavesth+地方(把某东西忘在某地)
drive:
drivesbmad/crazy
及物动词使……interest/excite/surprise/shock/astonish/please/amuse/tiredisappoint/puzzle/bore/confuse/convince/frighten
16保持:
staykeepremain
17匹配,合适match_______suit_______fit_______
18认为:
consider,think,believe,view:
~sb(tobe)+形容词或者名词
~sbas…
19影响:
effect,influence,affect______________________________
20建议:
suggest,advice,recommend_____________________________
21把……看做see/treat/regard/consider/view/thinkof/recognize…as…
22全神贯注于:
centre/concentrate/focuson,beoccupiedin,beabsorbedin,
beburiedin
23许多,大量:
agood/greatmany,alarge/great/goodnumberof
agoodfew,quiteafew______________________
manya…morethanone…_______________
agreat/goodamountof,agreat/gooddealof,quitealittle_______
alotof,lotsof,plentyof,amassof,massesof,
alargequantityof,largequantitiesof________________________
24也一样:
so+助动词+主语(适用于动词性质相同的谓语例如都是系动词或者都是行为动词)
Sheworkshard,andsodoI
Itisthesamewith+主语=Soitiswith+主语(适用于有多个谓语并且谓语性质都不相同)
ShewasborninChinaandgrewupinJapan.Soitiswiththeboy.
25感到……的:
excited,puzzled,confused,frightened,disappointed,tired,pleased,shocked,surprised,
26因为,由于:
dueto,owingto,becauseof,thanksto,asaresultof,asaconsequenceof,onaccountof
27尽管,即使:
though,although,evenif,eventhough,while,as(要倒装)
28希望:
hope_____________________________________________
wish____________________________________________
expect__________________________________________
29以便:
inorderto+动词原形,inorderthat(句子),sothat(与can连用)
30风景:
view,(从某个角度看到的风景)
scene(有人文的场景,强调人与自然的融洽景象
scenery(强调自然景色)
sight(视角所看到的)
31提供:
offer___________________supply____________provide_______
32假设,假如:
if,onconditionthat____,provided/providingthat________
supposingthat____assumingthat________
33忙于:
bebusyingdoingsth,bebusywithsth,beabsorbedinsth,
beburiedindoingsth,beengagedindoingsth,beoccupiedin
34打扰:
interrupt_______disturb__________
35确定,有把握:
certain:
同sure用法,但它还可以用物做主语,另外Itiscertainthat…,sure只能人做主语
sure:
besureofsth,besureaboutsth,besuretodosth
besurethat…
36导致:
resultin(跟名词和动名词),contributeto(跟名词和动名词)
leadto(跟名词和动名词),cause跟名词和causesbtodosth
37但是:
but(不与though连用),however(前后有标点分开),
while(此句与前一句形成对比),yet(可与though连用),nevertheless
38否则的话:
or,orelse,otherwise
39而且:
besides(前后标点分开),also(可与besides相同),
moreover(同besides,furthermore),furthermore,
what’smore,inaddition(这两个在写作时可以使用,但不用于完二)
40因此:
so(后面跟句子,是并列连词,therefore(副词,完二使用),consequently(副词,同therefore),asaresult(不用于完二),thus
41换句话说:
thatis,thatistosay,inotherwords
42看:
observe,look,watch,see,notice,glanceat(瞥一眼),lookat,
glareat(怒目而视),stareat(目不转睛的看),除了最后两个词组,在句中使用时都可用“看见某人在做某事seesbdoingsth,”“看见某人做过某事seesbdosth,”还可以用“看见某事被做seesthdone,”做题目时要小心。
43绝不:
innocase,innosense,atnotime,undernocircumstances,bynomeans
都是做状语的,放在句首时句子的主语和谓语要倒装。
44帮忙:
help:
helpsbwithsth=assistsbin/withsth,
helpsbdosth=helpsbtodosth=assistsbindoingsth=assistsbtodosth
特记:
can’thelpdoingsth,________can’thelpdosth_________
can’thelpbutdosth不得不
45打败:
beat,打败对手时,同defeat.
beat还有连续击打的意思,海浪拍岸,雨点击打窗户,心脏跳动等
46赢,获得:
win:
赢得名誉,比赛,gain:
获得需要的东西如经验,体重等
47由某某组成:
bemadeupof,consistof,becomposedof
48活的:
alive多做表语,要做定语时后置bealive,agreatmanalive
live只修饰动物,只做前置定语alivedog,直播的alivebroadcast
living凡有生命的都可以使用,常见到的短语是livingthings
lively与活无关,是指有活力的,生机的livelyclasses
49有时候:
attimes,sometimes,fromtimetotime
50remain:
仍旧是,系动词。
剩下,不及物动词,没有被动。
remains遗物
remainamystery,remainseated,//Itremainstobeseenwhether….
51happen:
发生没有被动,物做主语Somethingstrangehappenedtohimyesterday
Whathappenedtoyou?
碰巧Ithappenedthatsb….=sbhappenedtodosth
52protectprevent:
前者是保护protectsbfromsth
后者是预防阻止preventsbfromdoingsth
53影响:
influence名词,潜移默化的影响effect强调效果,多数混用
influence,动词,潜移默化影响,affect即时的当下的影响,
54意识到:
realize,beawareof,makesbawareof
55值得做:
beworthdoing=beworthyofbeingdone=beworthytobedone
Itisworthwhiletodosthdeservetodosth
56阻止某人做某事:
prevent/stop/keepsbfromdoingsth
forbidsbtodosth,prohibitsbfromdoingsth
57决定:
decide:
decidetodosth,decidethatsbshoulddosth(跟从句)
decideonsth(定,主要指的是时间上的)
determine:
determinetodosth(要是指决心,但事情不一定马上做)
bedeterminedtodosth(做非谓语时去掉be)
58旨在,目的是:
bemeanttodosth=beintendedtodosth=beaimedatsth
这都是做谓语的,语的话可用withtheintentionofdoingsth
59担心:
beworriedaboutsth=beconcernedaboutsth,careaboutsth
60处理:
dowith,dealwith,这两个是在问题时有点区别,
前者与what连用,后者与how连用
处理问题主要用dealwith,handle,solve
61treatcure:
前者是治疗过程,只指动作,后者指治愈,强调结果,
curesbofsthreceivetreatment
62最近:
recently=lately
63离开:
beaway.beoff(可与时间连用)leave(不与时间段连用)
64各种各样的:
various,avarietyof,allkindsof
65位于,坐落于:
belocatedat=besituatedat=lieat….
66照顾:
lookafter=takecareof=carefor
67方法:
way,means,method,approach
68记住:
remember=keep…inmind=bear….inmind
69有:
有具体对象做主语的用have没有的话只表示存在有用therebe
她的报道里没有新东西。
70agree:
agreetoaplan(proposal),agreeontheprice(date)agreewithsb
agreetodosth,agreethat,…..但不用agreesbtodosth
71相信:
believesb,believeinsb=trustsb,beconvincedofsth,besureofsth
72研究:
study,research
73使…:
excite,interest,shock,surprise,astonish,disappoint,satisfy,please,这类词都是及物动词,直接跟宾语,也可以变为v-ed,表人感觉到,变为v-ing,表示令人……
使……的是:
toone’sdelight/sorrow/disappointment/surprise/joy/relief/satisfaction/excitement/anger/amazement/amusement/puzzlement
74参加:
attend,(仪式,典礼,重大场合,会议,还可以说上课,上学,教堂)
join(加入后成为一员的,入伍,俱乐部,队伍,学习小组等)
joinin(别人组织的活动,你中途参与,例如讨论,游戏等)
takepartin(参与大型活动,自己必须出力的如竞赛)
competein(特指比赛时的参与)
enterfor(报名参加)
75力:
power,strength,force,energy
76除了:
besides,except,exceptfor,but,apartfromasidefrom
77用光:
runout(物做主语,没有被动,可用进行表将来)
runoutof(人做主语用主动,物做主语用被动)=useup
giveout(物做主语,没有被动)
78搁一边:
putaside//layaside//setaside
79应该:
besupposedtodosth=shoulddosth
80关于,就某某而言:
inregardto=withregardto=asfor=concerning=intermsof
81减少:
reduce=decrease=decline=cutdownon=cutbackon
82沉迷于:
beabsorbedin,beconcentratedon=befocusedon=beengagedin
beaddictedto=belostin=beburiedin
83计划,打算:
plan,mean,intend
84习惯于:
beusedto,beaccustomedto,(be可换为get,become,表动作)
85time:
attimes,intime,ontime,fromtimetotime,forthetimebeing
bythetime,atatime.atonetime,atnotime,innotime,
allthetime,
86take:
takein,takeout,takeaway,takeup,takedown,takeoff,
takeanexam,takeaclasstakesbforexample
87way:
bytheway,inthisway,inaway,intheway,onthewaytosp,
onthewaytodoingsth(即将做某事)
88delight:
delightsb,bedelightedindoingsth
89tear:
teardown____________tearup_____________
tearoneselfawayfromsth____________
90incomfort,indanger,insilence,inparticular,inpublic
onshow,onbusinessonstrike
underway,underconstructionunderrepairundercontrol
91beadaptedto,beconnectedtobeexposedtobedevotedto
beusedtodoingsthberelatedtobeaddictedtopayattentionto
lookforwardtoleadtocontributeto
92accusesbofsthrobsbofsthremindsbofsthinformsbofsth
warnsbofsthrequiresbofsth
93伤:
hurt,wound,harminjure
94破坏:
damage,destroyruin
95高考阅读填空常用的一些归纳词
原因reason(for),cause(of)目的aimpurposegoal,target,
种类kindtypesort,category,variety定义definition
用途usage,function意义meaning实例example
重要性importancesignificance坏处缺点harm,disadvantage
好处优点benefit,advantage方法ways,methods,solution
过程步骤step,procedure问题难题problem,issuequestion
结论摘要conclusion,summary建议提议advicesuggestionstips
影响结果effect.influenceresult,consequence材料:
material
来源,历史:
history,source,origin措施:
mea
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